传粉昆虫是生物多样性重要组成部分,昆虫传粉生境建设能有效减缓植物授粉危机,有利于城市生物多样性保护和促进自然教育。文章通过检索文献库CNKI和Web of Science近20年相关文献,采用文献计量法、内容分析法,对昆虫传粉生境营建相关的...传粉昆虫是生物多样性重要组成部分,昆虫传粉生境建设能有效减缓植物授粉危机,有利于城市生物多样性保护和促进自然教育。文章通过检索文献库CNKI和Web of Science近20年相关文献,采用文献计量法、内容分析法,对昆虫传粉生境营建相关的规划与设计、建设与管理研究成果进行梳理。结果表明:规划方面,注重该类绿地与区域生态网络和城市专项规划融合;设计方面,强调植物选用遵循“双高”“本土”“多样化”原则,并采用“高密群植”“防风向阳”方式配置;建设方面,提倡保留多种地表,增加与雨水花园、绿色屋顶等生态景观布置和栖息设施举措;管理方面,建议纳入4种特色日常管理措施,并提出管理部门的政策支持能助力实现昆虫多样性目标。文章最后提出传粉生境营建研究还存在意义彰显不足、实践应用待加强,以及我国发展缓慢等相关思考,旨在对我国城市昆虫传粉生境营建与城市生物多样性保护提供研究参考。展开更多
Ian McHarg’s 1969 book,Design with Nature,was grounded in earlier good practice,especially the European vision of fitting cities into the regional landscape and carrying thorough surveys before planning commenced.The...Ian McHarg’s 1969 book,Design with Nature,was grounded in earlier good practice,especially the European vision of fitting cities into the regional landscape and carrying thorough surveys before planning commenced.The book emerged in the wake of publications that worried about the ability of the earth to support expanding populations and their growing impact on the environment.McHarg argued that ecological design should follow planning based on detailed site information.Although McHarg advised many urban authorities in the USA and other countries,especially in Africa,Asia and Europe,and his ideas had influenced some British new towns,they had little attention in the planning of Milton Keynes,England’s largest new urban settlement,where the initial geological surveys were inadequate,but a successful large tree-planting programhas created a“city in the forest.”McHarg was however closely involved in planning the Nigerian Capital city,Abuja,but his sound master plan was ill-equipped to provide for a nation undergoing post-conflict rebuilding and a local population more concerned with access to land than ecological planning.Nonetheless,McHarg helped us to promote,protect,and preserve urban green spaces.Although teams from different disciplines now work well together,the integrated thinking advocated by McHarg remains sometimes in short supply in local practice.展开更多
文摘传粉昆虫是生物多样性重要组成部分,昆虫传粉生境建设能有效减缓植物授粉危机,有利于城市生物多样性保护和促进自然教育。文章通过检索文献库CNKI和Web of Science近20年相关文献,采用文献计量法、内容分析法,对昆虫传粉生境营建相关的规划与设计、建设与管理研究成果进行梳理。结果表明:规划方面,注重该类绿地与区域生态网络和城市专项规划融合;设计方面,强调植物选用遵循“双高”“本土”“多样化”原则,并采用“高密群植”“防风向阳”方式配置;建设方面,提倡保留多种地表,增加与雨水花园、绿色屋顶等生态景观布置和栖息设施举措;管理方面,建议纳入4种特色日常管理措施,并提出管理部门的政策支持能助力实现昆虫多样性目标。文章最后提出传粉生境营建研究还存在意义彰显不足、实践应用待加强,以及我国发展缓慢等相关思考,旨在对我国城市昆虫传粉生境营建与城市生物多样性保护提供研究参考。
文摘Ian McHarg’s 1969 book,Design with Nature,was grounded in earlier good practice,especially the European vision of fitting cities into the regional landscape and carrying thorough surveys before planning commenced.The book emerged in the wake of publications that worried about the ability of the earth to support expanding populations and their growing impact on the environment.McHarg argued that ecological design should follow planning based on detailed site information.Although McHarg advised many urban authorities in the USA and other countries,especially in Africa,Asia and Europe,and his ideas had influenced some British new towns,they had little attention in the planning of Milton Keynes,England’s largest new urban settlement,where the initial geological surveys were inadequate,but a successful large tree-planting programhas created a“city in the forest.”McHarg was however closely involved in planning the Nigerian Capital city,Abuja,but his sound master plan was ill-equipped to provide for a nation undergoing post-conflict rebuilding and a local population more concerned with access to land than ecological planning.Nonetheless,McHarg helped us to promote,protect,and preserve urban green spaces.Although teams from different disciplines now work well together,the integrated thinking advocated by McHarg remains sometimes in short supply in local practice.
