Identifying Gas-Washing and Water-Washing of Oil Reservoirs by Fluorescence and Infrared Spectra of Single Oil Inclusion

Samples in the two oil fields with reported gas-washing and water-washing were collected for fluid inclusion analysis.Micro-fluorescence and Fourier infrared spectra of single oil inclusions were measured to study the different effects of gas-washing and water-washing on oil compositions.The results show that spectral parameter QF_(535)values of the oils altered by gas-washing were expanded toward decreasing and increasing,respectively.The CH_(2)/CH_(3)distribution range ratio does not expand significantly,but the peak values are averaged.And the distribution of H_(2)O/Alkanes has no change.The QF_(535)values of the oils affected by water-washing increased towards the increase direction,and the distribution ranges of both CH_(2)/CH_(3)and H_(2)O/Alkanes increase significantly.The changes of QF_(535)in light oil reservoirs altered by gas-washing and CH_(2)/CH_(3)in heavy oil reservoirs by water-washing are not obvious.Therefore,two spectral parameter distribution trend charts of light and heavy oil reservoirs are summarized to discriminate the gas-washing and water-washing processes.This study is of great practical significance to utilize fluid inclusion analysis to restructure stages and processes of petroleum accumulation.

Cell-Cycle-Dependent Variations in the FTIR Spectroscopy of HeLa Cells Treated with Trichostatin A

It is quite complex to evaluate the mechanism of action for antitumor drugs on cancer cells.Studies have pointed out that there is an unique advantage of Fourier transform infrared spectrum to obtain a fingerprint of all molecules present in the cells when cancer cells were exposed to anti-cancer drugs.Trichostatin A(TSA) is a most potent reversible inhibitor of mammalian histone deacetylases.It can inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo.In the present study,HeLa cells were exposed to 0,50,100,200,300 and 400 nmol·L-1 TSA,and FTIR spectra were applied to evaluate the effect of TSA on cancer cells.Results show that there is some significant relationship between the changes in FTIR absorption and cell cycle arresting.On the other hand,this investigation shows that the concentration of TSA had to be more than 200 nmol·L-1 in order to ensure A1 080 cm-1/A1 540 cm-1≥1 for inhibiting cell proliferation.

Thermal aging behavior of high performance poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel

The thermal aging behavior of poly （ vinyl alcohol ） （ PVA ） hydrogel was studied at four different temperatures of 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃ and 70 ℃ in one year. The samples of PVA hydrogel were closely covered by plastic film. The changes of their chemical structures and physical properties during aging were measured through different measurable techniques including tensile testing, gel permeation chromatography （ GPC ）, viscosity analysis, and Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spec- trum. The results showed that the molecular weight of PVA in hydrogel changed little with time and temperature. FTIR spectra of PVA in all the samples were similar to those of the original samples. The tensile strength of PVA hydrogel didn＇t change until the 330th days.

Chemical Liquid Phase Deposition of Thin Aluminum Oxide Films

Thin aluminum oxide films were deposited by a new and simple physicochemical method called chemical liquid phase deposition (CLD) on semiconductor materials. Aluminum sulfate with crystallized water and sodium bicarbonate were used as precursors for film growth, and the control of the system抯 pH value played an important role in this experiment. The growth rate is 12 nm/h with the deposition at [Al2(SO4)3]=0.0837 molL-1, [NaHCO3]=0.214 molL-1, 15 ℃. Post-growth annealing not only densifies and purifies the films, but results in film crystallization as well. Excellent quality of Al2O3 films in this work is supported by electron dispersion spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction spectrum and scanning electron microscopy photograph.