The centroid and attitude of target must be predicted in target tracking of IR image for increasing capture probability. CMAC estimator can effectually resolve conflict between operational counts and predicting preci...The centroid and attitude of target must be predicted in target tracking of IR image for increasing capture probability. CMAC estimator can effectually resolve conflict between operational counts and predicting precision. CMAC estimator is trained with a linear model, then the centroid and attitude are predicted. It is trained once by actual error in each frame to reduce the estimate error. CMAC has excellent predicting precision and small operational counts, it adapts to real time processing for target tracking. The experimental results show that CMAC can accurately estimate the centroid and attitude of target. It adapts to change of model and has robustness.展开更多
An ICSED (Improved Cluster Shade Edge-Detection) algorithm and a series of post-processing technique are discussed for automatic delineation of mesoscale structure of the ocean on digital IR images. The popular deriva...An ICSED (Improved Cluster Shade Edge-Detection) algorithm and a series of post-processing technique are discussed for automatic delineation of mesoscale structure of the ocean on digital IR images. The popular derivative-based edge operators are shown to be too sensitive to edge fine-structure and to weak gradients. The new edge-detection algorithm is ICSED (Improved Cluster Shade Edge-detection) method and it is found to be an excel lent edge detector that exhibits the characteristic of fine-structure rejection while retaining edge sharpness. This char acteristic is highly desirable for analyzing oceanographic satellite images. A sorting technique for separating clouds or land well from ocean at both day and night is described in order to obtain high quality mesoscale features on the IR image This procedure is evaluated on an AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) image with Kuroshio. Results and analyses show that the mesoscale features can be well identified by using ICSED algorithm.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential use of Ir-192 as the source for real time imaging during HDR (High Dose Rate) brachytherapy treatment. Phantom measurement was performed to determine outside o...The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential use of Ir-192 as the source for real time imaging during HDR (High Dose Rate) brachytherapy treatment. Phantom measurement was performed to determine outside of the body dose. Monte Carlo code, EGSnrcMP egs_inprz, was used for the simulation to calculate the outside of the body x-ray signal for CT reconstruction. Matlab code was developed to reconstruct the Ir-192 source and for 3D visualization in order to assess reconstructed CT resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and imaging dose information. The measured dose was 0.67 ± 0.04 cGy, which was comparable to the Monte Carlo simulation result 0.71 ± 0.20 cGy. The reconstructed source diameter dimension was 1.3 mm compared with 1.1 mm for the real source dimension. The signal-to-noise ratio was 19.91 db following de-noising. Source position was within a 1 mm difference between programmed and simulated results. Although the Ir-192 signal is weak for CT imaging, it is possible to use it as a CT imaging x-ray source for HDR treatment localization, verification and dosimetry purposes. Further study is needed for the detailed design of an outside of the body CT-like device for use in brachytherapy imaging.展开更多
Sensitivity and human performance are two important parameters for IR imaging system. Noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) and minimum resolvable temperature difference (MRTD) can describe sensitivity and hu...Sensitivity and human performance are two important parameters for IR imaging system. Noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) and minimum resolvable temperature difference (MRTD) can describe sensitivity and human performance of IR imaging system. So a lot of engineers apply themselves to studying the methods to measure NETD and MRTD for IR imaging system. The classical laboratory measurement methodologies for NETD and MRTD are introduced. And, two new approaches to three-dimensional (3-D) noise and MRTD/MRC are also portrayed, which can overcome some of the disadvantages existed in classical testing of NETD and MRTD. With the help of the new laboratory measurements, the disadvantages of the classical methods to measure NETD and MRTD can be solved.展开更多
In this paper,an innovative 3D motion parameters estimation method from stereo image sequences based on infrared(IR) reflective markers is presented.It was assumed that two high speed CCD cameras had been calibrated p...In this paper,an innovative 3D motion parameters estimation method from stereo image sequences based on infrared(IR) reflective markers is presented.It was assumed that two high speed CCD cameras had been calibrated previously.The method consists of the following steps:1) the coordinate of several markers and depth map for each stereo pair was determined from the sequences of stereo images by relations of markers' coordinate the correspondence between markers was established,2) the 3D motion parameters of the target was computed based upon the matched markers' coordinate,and 3) translated 3D motion parameters estimation into the problem of least square according to the movement model of the object to be measured.Without using line,curve or corner correspondence,this method can calculate the depth of these markers feature easily and quickly in contrast to traditional approaches.The two CCD cameras work on 200 f/s,and each processing cost time is about 3 ms.It was found that,by using several markers and a large number of stereo images,this method can improve the computational speed,robustness and numerical accuracy of the motion parameters in comparison with traditional methods.The virtual simulation experiment was conducted using synthesized stereo image sequences based on 6-DOF motion platform and the experimental results proved the validity of our approach and showed that the translation and rotation precision is up to 0.1 mm and 0.1°.展开更多
The determination of an accurate center of rotation of rocket motor nozzle or other object to be measured is of great interest across a wide range of applications,such as rocket,missile,robotics,industry,spaceflight,a...The determination of an accurate center of rotation of rocket motor nozzle or other object to be measured is of great interest across a wide range of applications,such as rocket,missile,robotics,industry,spaceflight,aviation and human motion analysis fields,particularly for clinical gait analysis.A new approach was proposed to estimate the moving objects' instantaneous center of rotation and other motion parameters.The new method assumes that the two segment of object to be measured are rigid body which rotates around a center of rotation between each other relatively.The center of rotation varies with time in the global coordinate system but is fixed in the local coordinate system attached to each segment.The models of rocket motor nozzle and its movement were established.The arbitrary moving object's corresponding to motion equations were deduced,and the least square closed-form solutions of the object's motion parameters were figured out.It is assumed that the two high speed CCD cameras mounted on the 750 nm infrared(IR) filter are synchronized and calibrated in advance.The virtual simulation experiment using 3D coordinates of markers was conducted by synchronized stereo image sequences based on 6-DOF motion platform and the experimental results prove the feasibility of our algorithm.The test results show that the precision of x,y,z component on center of rotation is up to 0.14 mm,0.13 mm,0.15 mm.展开更多
Image fusion has become one of the interesting fields that attract researchers to integrate information from different image sources.It is involved in several applications.One of the recent applications is the robotic...Image fusion has become one of the interesting fields that attract researchers to integrate information from different image sources.It is involved in several applications.One of the recent applications is the robotic vision.This application necessitates image enhancement of both infrared(IR)and visible images.This paper presents a Robot Human Interaction System(RHIS)based on image fusion and deep learning.The basic objective of this system is to fuse visual and IR images for efficient feature extraction from the captured images.Then,an enhancement model is carried out on the fused image to increase its quality.Several image enhancement models such as fuzzy logic,Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and residual network(ResNet)pre-trained model are utilized on the fusion results and they are compared with each other and with the state-of-the-art works.Simulation results prove that the fuzzy logic enhancement gives the best results from the image quality perspective.Hence,the proposed system can be considered as an efficient solution for the robotic vision problem with multi-modality images.展开更多
The development of an efficient moving target detection algorithm in IR-image sequence is considered one of the most critical research fields in modern IRST (Infrared Search and Track) systems, especially when dealing...The development of an efficient moving target detection algorithm in IR-image sequence is considered one of the most critical research fields in modern IRST (Infrared Search and Track) systems, especially when dealing with moving dim point targets. In this paper we propose a new approach in processing of the Infrared image sequence for moving dim point targets detection built on the transformation of the IR-image sequence into 4-vectors for each frame in the sequence. The results of testing the proposed approach on a set of frames having a simple single pixel target performing a different motion patterns show the validity of the approach for detecting the motion, with simplicity in calculation and low time consumption.展开更多
We investigated bleached human hair by FT-IR microspectroscopy and chemical imaging. The cross sectioned hair is approximately 90 μm in diameter, showed cuticle and cortex in chemical imaging. Differential amide I/II...We investigated bleached human hair by FT-IR microspectroscopy and chemical imaging. The cross sectioned hair is approximately 90 μm in diameter, showed cuticle and cortex in chemical imaging. Differential amide I/II absorbance ratio and broadening amide I band between in the cortex and cuticle were confirmed in FT-IR microspectroscopy and chemical imaging. The cystine monoxide band from the products of disulfide oxidation of the amino acid cystine is associated with hair damaging during bleaching process. With increase bleaching time, the band for cystine monoxide shows more intense and larger area in chemical image. The spatially chemical change was investigated in detail by FT-IR microspectroscopy and chemical imaging during the bleached process.展开更多
Therapeutic irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new technique for targeted tumor ablation. Needle electrodes are placed into or around the targeted region to deliver a series of brief electric pulses th...Therapeutic irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new technique for targeted tumor ablation. Needle electrodes are placed into or around the targeted region to deliver a series of brief electric pulses that disrupt cell membrane integrity, killing cells in a non-thermal manner that does not affect the extracellular matrix or sensitive structures such as major vasculature and bile ducts;making IRE an advantageous technique, especially for tumors that are unresectable or ineligible for thermal ablation. Here, we present on the imaging findings from IRE liver tumor treatments from ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography. Imaging aids planning and implementing treatments by visualizing the targeted volume and guiding electrode placement. Immediate changes to the affected IRE region may be observed to verify complete ablation of the tumor with margin during the procedure, and permits follow-up evaluation of clinical outcome. In particular, we present tumor treatments in regions adjacent to sensitive structures that contraindicate thermal therapies.展开更多
文摘The centroid and attitude of target must be predicted in target tracking of IR image for increasing capture probability. CMAC estimator can effectually resolve conflict between operational counts and predicting precision. CMAC estimator is trained with a linear model, then the centroid and attitude are predicted. It is trained once by actual error in each frame to reduce the estimate error. CMAC has excellent predicting precision and small operational counts, it adapts to real time processing for target tracking. The experimental results show that CMAC can accurately estimate the centroid and attitude of target. It adapts to change of model and has robustness.
文摘An ICSED (Improved Cluster Shade Edge-Detection) algorithm and a series of post-processing technique are discussed for automatic delineation of mesoscale structure of the ocean on digital IR images. The popular derivative-based edge operators are shown to be too sensitive to edge fine-structure and to weak gradients. The new edge-detection algorithm is ICSED (Improved Cluster Shade Edge-detection) method and it is found to be an excel lent edge detector that exhibits the characteristic of fine-structure rejection while retaining edge sharpness. This char acteristic is highly desirable for analyzing oceanographic satellite images. A sorting technique for separating clouds or land well from ocean at both day and night is described in order to obtain high quality mesoscale features on the IR image This procedure is evaluated on an AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) image with Kuroshio. Results and analyses show that the mesoscale features can be well identified by using ICSED algorithm.
文摘The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential use of Ir-192 as the source for real time imaging during HDR (High Dose Rate) brachytherapy treatment. Phantom measurement was performed to determine outside of the body dose. Monte Carlo code, EGSnrcMP egs_inprz, was used for the simulation to calculate the outside of the body x-ray signal for CT reconstruction. Matlab code was developed to reconstruct the Ir-192 source and for 3D visualization in order to assess reconstructed CT resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and imaging dose information. The measured dose was 0.67 ± 0.04 cGy, which was comparable to the Monte Carlo simulation result 0.71 ± 0.20 cGy. The reconstructed source diameter dimension was 1.3 mm compared with 1.1 mm for the real source dimension. The signal-to-noise ratio was 19.91 db following de-noising. Source position was within a 1 mm difference between programmed and simulated results. Although the Ir-192 signal is weak for CT imaging, it is possible to use it as a CT imaging x-ray source for HDR treatment localization, verification and dosimetry purposes. Further study is needed for the detailed design of an outside of the body CT-like device for use in brachytherapy imaging.
文摘Sensitivity and human performance are two important parameters for IR imaging system. Noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) and minimum resolvable temperature difference (MRTD) can describe sensitivity and human performance of IR imaging system. So a lot of engineers apply themselves to studying the methods to measure NETD and MRTD for IR imaging system. The classical laboratory measurement methodologies for NETD and MRTD are introduced. And, two new approaches to three-dimensional (3-D) noise and MRTD/MRC are also portrayed, which can overcome some of the disadvantages existed in classical testing of NETD and MRTD. With the help of the new laboratory measurements, the disadvantages of the classical methods to measure NETD and MRTD can be solved.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 50275040)
文摘In this paper,an innovative 3D motion parameters estimation method from stereo image sequences based on infrared(IR) reflective markers is presented.It was assumed that two high speed CCD cameras had been calibrated previously.The method consists of the following steps:1) the coordinate of several markers and depth map for each stereo pair was determined from the sequences of stereo images by relations of markers' coordinate the correspondence between markers was established,2) the 3D motion parameters of the target was computed based upon the matched markers' coordinate,and 3) translated 3D motion parameters estimation into the problem of least square according to the movement model of the object to be measured.Without using line,curve or corner correspondence,this method can calculate the depth of these markers feature easily and quickly in contrast to traditional approaches.The two CCD cameras work on 200 f/s,and each processing cost time is about 3 ms.It was found that,by using several markers and a large number of stereo images,this method can improve the computational speed,robustness and numerical accuracy of the motion parameters in comparison with traditional methods.The virtual simulation experiment was conducted using synthesized stereo image sequences based on 6-DOF motion platform and the experimental results proved the validity of our approach and showed that the translation and rotation precision is up to 0.1 mm and 0.1°.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 50275040)
文摘The determination of an accurate center of rotation of rocket motor nozzle or other object to be measured is of great interest across a wide range of applications,such as rocket,missile,robotics,industry,spaceflight,aviation and human motion analysis fields,particularly for clinical gait analysis.A new approach was proposed to estimate the moving objects' instantaneous center of rotation and other motion parameters.The new method assumes that the two segment of object to be measured are rigid body which rotates around a center of rotation between each other relatively.The center of rotation varies with time in the global coordinate system but is fixed in the local coordinate system attached to each segment.The models of rocket motor nozzle and its movement were established.The arbitrary moving object's corresponding to motion equations were deduced,and the least square closed-form solutions of the object's motion parameters were figured out.It is assumed that the two high speed CCD cameras mounted on the 750 nm infrared(IR) filter are synchronized and calibrated in advance.The virtual simulation experiment using 3D coordinates of markers was conducted by synchronized stereo image sequences based on 6-DOF motion platform and the experimental results prove the feasibility of our algorithm.The test results show that the precision of x,y,z component on center of rotation is up to 0.14 mm,0.13 mm,0.15 mm.
基金This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University through the Research Funding Program(Grant No#FRP-1440-23).
文摘Image fusion has become one of the interesting fields that attract researchers to integrate information from different image sources.It is involved in several applications.One of the recent applications is the robotic vision.This application necessitates image enhancement of both infrared(IR)and visible images.This paper presents a Robot Human Interaction System(RHIS)based on image fusion and deep learning.The basic objective of this system is to fuse visual and IR images for efficient feature extraction from the captured images.Then,an enhancement model is carried out on the fused image to increase its quality.Several image enhancement models such as fuzzy logic,Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and residual network(ResNet)pre-trained model are utilized on the fusion results and they are compared with each other and with the state-of-the-art works.Simulation results prove that the fuzzy logic enhancement gives the best results from the image quality perspective.Hence,the proposed system can be considered as an efficient solution for the robotic vision problem with multi-modality images.
文摘The development of an efficient moving target detection algorithm in IR-image sequence is considered one of the most critical research fields in modern IRST (Infrared Search and Track) systems, especially when dealing with moving dim point targets. In this paper we propose a new approach in processing of the Infrared image sequence for moving dim point targets detection built on the transformation of the IR-image sequence into 4-vectors for each frame in the sequence. The results of testing the proposed approach on a set of frames having a simple single pixel target performing a different motion patterns show the validity of the approach for detecting the motion, with simplicity in calculation and low time consumption.
文摘We investigated bleached human hair by FT-IR microspectroscopy and chemical imaging. The cross sectioned hair is approximately 90 μm in diameter, showed cuticle and cortex in chemical imaging. Differential amide I/II absorbance ratio and broadening amide I band between in the cortex and cuticle were confirmed in FT-IR microspectroscopy and chemical imaging. The cystine monoxide band from the products of disulfide oxidation of the amino acid cystine is associated with hair damaging during bleaching process. With increase bleaching time, the band for cystine monoxide shows more intense and larger area in chemical image. The spatially chemical change was investigated in detail by FT-IR microspectroscopy and chemical imaging during the bleached process.
文摘Therapeutic irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a relatively new technique for targeted tumor ablation. Needle electrodes are placed into or around the targeted region to deliver a series of brief electric pulses that disrupt cell membrane integrity, killing cells in a non-thermal manner that does not affect the extracellular matrix or sensitive structures such as major vasculature and bile ducts;making IRE an advantageous technique, especially for tumors that are unresectable or ineligible for thermal ablation. Here, we present on the imaging findings from IRE liver tumor treatments from ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography. Imaging aids planning and implementing treatments by visualizing the targeted volume and guiding electrode placement. Immediate changes to the affected IRE region may be observed to verify complete ablation of the tumor with margin during the procedure, and permits follow-up evaluation of clinical outcome. In particular, we present tumor treatments in regions adjacent to sensitive structures that contraindicate thermal therapies.
