Regulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and grain quality in early-season indica fragrant rice by nitrogen and silicon fertilization under different plantation methods

Fragrant rice has a high market value,and it is a popular rice type among consumers owing to its pleasant flavor.Plantation methods,nitrogen(N)fertilizers,and silicon(Si)fertilizers can affect the grain yield and fragrance of fragrant rice.However,the core commercial rice production attributes,namely the head rice yield(HRY)and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content of fragrant rice,under various nitrogen and silicon(N-Si)fertilization levels and different plantation methods remain unknown.The field experiment in this study was performed in the early seasons of 2018 and 2019 with two popular indica fragrant rice cultivars(Yuxiangyouzhan and Xiangyaxiangzhan).They were grown under six N-Si fertilization treatments(combinations of two levels of Si fertilizer,0 kg Si ha^(−1)(Si0)and 150 kg Si ha^(−1)(Si1),and three levels of N fertilizer,0 kg N ha^(−1)(N0),150 kg N ha^(−1)(N1),and 220 kg N ha^(−1)(N2))and three plantation methods(artificial transplanting(AT),mechanical transplanting(MT),and mechanical direct-seeding(MD)).The results showed that the N-Si fertilization treatments and all the plantation methods significantly affected the HRY and 2-AP content and related parameters of the two different fragrant rice cultivars.Compared with the Si0N0 treatment,the N-Si fertilization treatments resulted in higher HRY and 2-AP contents.The rates of brown rice,milled rice,head rice,and chalky rice of the fragrant rice also improved with the N-Si fertilization treatments.The N-Si fertilization treatments increased the activities of N metabolism enzymes and the accumulation of N and Si in various parts of the fragrant rice,and affected their antioxidant response parameters.The key parameters for the HRY and 2-AP content were assessed by redundancy analysis.Furthermore,the structural equation model revealed that the Si and N accumulation levels indirectly affected the HRY by affecting the N metabolism enzyme activity,N use efficiency,and grain quality of fragrant rice.Moreover,high N and Si accumulation directly promoted the 2-AP content or affected the antioxidant response parameters and indirectly regulated 2-AP synthesis.The interactions of the MT method with the N-Si fertilization treatments varied in the fragrant rice cultivars in terms of the HRY and 2-AP content,whereas the MD method was beneficial to the 2-AP content in both fragrant rice cultivars under the N-Si fertilization treatments.

Grain Yield, Quality and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline of Fragrant Rice in Response to Different Planting Seasons in South China

Climate conditions is an important factor affected the fragrant rice growth and development.In order to study the effects of different planting seasons on fragrant rice performance in South China,present study was conducted with three planting seasons(early season(April to July),middle season(June to September)and late season(August to November))and three fragrant rice cultivars,‘Basmati-385’,‘Meixiangzhan-2’and‘Xiangyaxiangzhan’.The results showed that the highest grain yield and grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP,key component of fragrant rice aroma)content were both recorded in late season treatment while the fragrant rice in middle season treatment produced the lowest grain yield,grain filling percentage,1000-grain weight and gain 2-AP content.The highest contents of precursors(proline,pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid and 1-pyrro-line)which related to 2-AP biosynthesis were recorded in late season treatment compared with early season treatment and middle season treatment.The highest activities of enzymes(proline dehydrogenase,pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthetase and ornithine transaminase)which involved in 2-AP biosynthesis were also observed in late season treatment.Moreover,the fragrant rice cultivars in late season possessed the lowest chalk rice rate,chalkiness as well as the highest brown rice rate,head rice and protein content.Thus,the optimal season for fragrant rice production in South China is the late season.

Epoxiconazole Improved Photosynthesis,Yield Formation,Grain Quality and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis of Fragrant Rice

Epoxiconazole is a triazole compound.However,the effects of epoxiconazole on crop productivity and quality were rarely reported.In this study,we investigated the effects of epoxiconazole application on yield formation,grain quality attributes,and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content in fragrant rice.A three-year field experiment was carried out with a fragrant rice variety,Meixiangzhan 2.At the heading stage,0,0.02,0.04,0.08,0.16 and 0.32 g/L epoxiconazole solutions were foliar applied to fragrant rice plants,respectively.The results showed that epoxiconazole application significantly increased grain yield,seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight.Chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of fragrant rice during the grain-filling stage significantly increased due to epoxiconazole application.Foliar application of epoxiconazole at 0.08 g/L increased grain protein content and decreased both chalky rice rate and chalkiness area ratio of fragrant rice.Epoxiconazole also substantially increased grain 2-AP content by inducing the regulation in contents of related synthetic precursors,including proline,pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid,Δ1-pyrroline and methylglyoxal.Overall,foliar application of epoxiconazole could be used for the improvement in grain yield,grain quality and 2-AP content in fragrant rice production when applied concentration at 0.08-0.32 g/L.Our findings provided the new roles of epoxiconazole in crop production.

Foliar Application of Brassinolide Induced Regulation of Grain Yield and Quality,Antioxidant Responses and Aroma in Fragrant Rice

Brassinolide(BR)is a new green plant growth regulator.The present field study was conducted on two fragrant rice cultivars(i.e.,Meixiangzhan-2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan)to study the effects of foliar application of BR on fragrant rice performance.At the heading stage,BR solutions at 0.05,0.15,0.25 and 0.50 mg L-1 were sprayed on fragrant rice at 600 liters per hectare;these treatments were named as BR1,BR2,BR3 and BR4,respectively.The treatment sprayed with distilled water was taken as a control(CK).Compared with CK,the BR2 treatment significantly enhanced the chlorophyll concentration and net photosynthetic rate for Meixiangzhan-2,and Xiangyaxiangzhan.The BR3 and BR4 treatments increased the concentrations of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid,and also enhanced net photosynthetic rate by 31.91%and 40.43%,respectively.Higher grain yields were recorded in the BR2 treatment than on CK on Meixiangzhan-2,while on Xiangyaxiangzhan,the BR3 and BR4 treatments increased grain yield compared with CK.In relation to CK,higher head rice rates were recorded in the BR2 treatment for Meixiangzhan-2,and in the BR3 and BR4 treatments for Xiangyaxiangzhan.BR treatments(BR2 for Meixiangzhan-2,BR3 and BR4 for Xiangyaxiangzhan)also significantly enhanced the activities of GPX,SOD and CAT by 10.22%to 23.00%,and reduced the malonaldehyde concentration.In addition,we observed that some BR treatments(BR2 for Meixiangzhan-2,BR3 and BR4 for Xiangyaxiangzhan)decreased the grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline concentration of fragrant rice.

Effects of Different Vermicompost Rates on Growth,2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline,Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Responses of Fragrant Rice(Oryza sativa L.)Seedling

Vermicompost is an organic fertilizer contains multiple nutrient elements.However,the application of vermicompost in fragrant rice production is rarely reported.In order to study the effects of vermicompost application on fragrant rice(Oryza sativa L.)seedling performances,present study was conducted with two fragrant rice cultivars and four vermicompost rate treatments(0(CK),2.5(Wo1),5.0(Wo2)and 10.0(Wo3)g kg−1).The results showed that vermicompost treatments significantly increased dry weight of fragrant rice seedling by 8.31–32.56%compared with CK.21.10–59.13%higher net photosynthetic rates and 10.66–59.16%higher chlorophyll contents(chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll)were recorded in vermicompost treatments than CK.Application of vermicompost also significantly increased 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP,the key compound of fragrant rice aroma)content and reduced the transcript level of gene BADH2 which related to 2-AP biosynthesis in fragrant rice seedling.Moreover,compared with CK,vermicompost treatments enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,catalase by 24.42–28.66%,24.98–25.73%and 22.45–23.57%,respectively.11.54–40.53%lower malonaldehyde contents were recorded in vermicompost treatments in related to CK.In conclusion,vermicompost improved growth,increased 2-AP content and might enhance stress resistant of fragrant rice seedling.

Enhancement of Ultrasonic Seed Treatment on Yield,Grain Quality Characters,and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis in Different Fragrant Rice Genotypes

Fragrant rice is popular for the good grain quality and special aroma.The present study conducted a field experiment to investigate the effects of ultrasonic seed treatment on grain yield,quality characters,physiological properties and aroma biosynthesis of different fragrant rice genotypes.The seeds of three fragrant rice genotypes were exposed to 1 min of ultrasonic vibration and then cultivated in paddy field.The results of present study showed that ultrasonic seed treatment increased grain yield of all fragrant rice genotypes but the responses of yield formation to ultrasonic were varied with different genotypes.Compared with control,ultrasonic seed treatment increased grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP,the key component of fragrant rice aroma)content by 13.40%–44.88%.Ultrasonic seed treatment also reduced the crude protein contents in grains.The head rice rate,rice length,chalky rice rate,and chalkiness degree were influenced by ultrasonic for one or two fragrant rice genotypes.The activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were also enhanced due to ultrasonic seed treatment.In conclusion,ultrasonic seed treatment increased grain,regulated grain aroma and quality,and improved stress resistance of fragrant rice varieties.

Sequence Mutation of Exon 7 of Badh2 Gene and Aroma Identification of Fragrant Rice Varieties

In this study,we performed amplificaion and sequence analysis of exon7 of gene Badh2 of 12 fragrant rice materials,and identified the aroma of fragrant rice materials by the method of seed chewing and KOH soaking,so as to analyze the sequence mutation of exon 7 in the Badh2 gene of rice material and its corresponding relation with the flavor character.The results showed that an 8 bp deletion(aaaa--t---ggc)and a mutation of SNP(g→t)in exon 7 of Badh2 gene were found in 10 materials,including Xiangnuo,Lvjinxiang,Meixiangzhan 2,Huaxiang,Yuexiangxuan 1,Hongyuxiang,Meixiangxuan 1,Baxiangxuan 1,Taixiangxuan 1,Taixiangxuan 2.This mutation was consistent with the mutation of EU155083 sequence in GenBank and was reported for the first time in Chinese rice materials.In these 10 fragrant rice materials with mutation,Huaxiang and Meixiangxuan 1 were identified as the heterozygote genotype,and Hongyuxiang was identified as non-fragrant rice,so the sequence mutation in exon 7 of Badh2 gene in fragrant rice materials did not correspond to aroma traits one by one;and 7 materials were identified as fragrant rice,and the brown rice of Meixiangzhan 2 and Yuexiangyuan 1 had sweet taste.The results could provide a reference for the research on the genetic mechanism of rice aroma character and the promotion of fragrant rice varieties.

Nutrient Management in Fragrant Rice: A Review

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important cereal food grain crop and is consumed by the majority of the world’s human population. Among all cultivars, fragrant/aromatic rice is preferred by the better part of the human population because of its aroma, taste and cooking quality. But most of the fragrant rice varieties are low yielding and easily sensitive to the surrounding environmental condition. Among different agronomic performances, proper nutrient management can improve the yield of fragrant rice not only by giving the required amount of nutrients but also by maintaining the health of the soil and the quality of the produce. In most cases, traditional agricultural practices degraded soil health and increased environmental pollution which leads to inferior grain quality. On the other hand, excessive application of chemical fertilizers reduced the nutrient status of the soil and badly affected the soil productivity and environmental stability. Therefore, a suitable approach of nutrient management is required to keep the production of fragrant rice to a notable amount and increase the nutrient use efficiency of soil. Application of manures and fertilizers in an appropriate dose which is the main object of nutrient management is required for its utmost importance in the growth and development of the crop that finally results in better yield and grain quality. Therefore, nutrient management is an important aspect in aromatic rice production to attain sustainable grain yield and high economic return with better quality of produce.

Rice-duck co-culture benefits grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline accumulation and quality and yield enhancement of fragrant rice

Rice-duck co-culture is an integrated farming technology that benefits rice production, grain quality, and ecological sustainability in paddy fields. However, little is known about the effects of rice-duck co-culture on enzyme activity involved in the biosynthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP), the volatile that gives fragrant rice its' distinctive and sought-after aroma. The present study aimed to examine the influence of rice-duck co-culture on the photosynthesis, yield, grain quality, rice aroma, and the enzymes involved in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis in the cultivar Meixiangzhan 2 during the early and late rice growing seasons of 2016 in Guangzhou, China. We compared the rice grown in paddy fields with and without ducks. We found that rice-duck co-culture not only improved the yield and quality of fragrant rice grain, but also promoted the precursors of 2-AP biosynthesis formation and 2-AP accumulation in the grain. Grain 2-AP content in rice-duck co-culture was noticeably increased with 9.60% and 20.81% in early and late seasons, respectively. Proline and pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (P5C) (precursors of 2-AP biosynthesis) and the activity of enzymes such as proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) and Δ1 pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthetase (P5CS) were all improved by 10.15%–12.99%, 32.91%–47.75%, 17.81%–26.71%, 6.25%–21.78%, and 10.58%–38.87% under rice-duck co-culture in both seasons, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that rice-duck co-culture is an environmentally-friendly and sustainable approach to improving rice aroma and grain quality of fragrant rice.

基于顶空气相色谱-离子迁移谱的不同品种香稻米快速鉴别方法

采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry,GC-IMS)技术原理,分析“牡育稻78号”、“牡科稻5号”、“牡科稻7号”3种香稻米中挥发性成分的组成,结合主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)进行统计分析。结果发现:辛醛单体、辛醛二聚体、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮在“牡科稻5号”中含量最少,在其它样品中差异不大;罗勒烯、柠檬烯单体、柠檬烯二聚体在“牡育稻78号”中含量最多;乙醇、二甲基-1-丁醇在“牡科稻7号”中含量最多。主成分分析表明,不同品种香稻米挥发性气味成分在气相色谱-离子迁移谱上呈现出一定差异,两个主成分累计贡献率达到84%,说明基于GC-IMS技术可以实现不同品种香稻米的区分。

苗期喷施茉莉酸甲酯对香稻品种象牙香占香气的影响

茉莉酸甲酯能够提高植物的抗逆境胁迫能力,但在对香稻香气物质2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉(2-AP)的影响研究还鲜有报道。以香稻品种象牙香占为试验材料,设置茉莉酸甲酯3种喷施浓度(0.25、0.50和1.00 mmol/L),研究苗期喷施对香稻幼苗2-AP合成与累积、香气前体物质含量、香气相关酶活性、香气相关基因表达量调控、抗性酶活性变化和秧苗素质的影响。结果表明,与对照(CK)相比,喷施适当的茉莉酸甲酯浓度(0.50~1.00 mmol/L),香稻幼苗2-AP含量增加,香气合成前体物质1-吡咯啉、丙酮醛和1-吡咯啉-5-羧酸(P5C)含量提高,二胺氧化酶2基因(DAO4)、鸟氨酸转氨酶基因(OAT)和脯氨酸脱氢酶基因(ProDH)表达量提升。茉莉酸甲酯处理还提高了香稻秧苗素质,增加了抗性酶活性,提高了抗氧化能力。适度的茉莉酸甲酯能提高香稻2-AP含量和秧苗素质,归因于相关酶活性和基因表达量的提高。

新创制豫南黑香糯米的营养特性分析

以培育新品系及加工为目的,对4份诱变创制的豫南黑香糯米的淀粉、花青素和矿物质进行测定。结果表明,创制的不同品种的黑香糯米淀粉含量、花青素以及矿物质含量均有明显的差异。通过电子显微镜扫描观察发现,黑香糯米的淀粉颗粒结构与‘NIP’相比并没有显著性差异,但黑香糯米中淀粉含量(36.5%~50.2%)、提取率(52.8%~60.7%)、提取纯度(70.0%~80.0%)均低于‘NIP’(64.7%、71.2%和90.0%以上)。在淀粉的组成上,黑香糯米‘LN48⁃2’和‘LN48⁃3’品系与‘NIP’相近,直链淀粉占14%~16%,支链淀粉占84%~86%,而‘LN54’和‘LN55’品系与‘LN56 CK’品种相似,淀粉中支链淀粉约占100%。通过超高效液相色谱分析,‘LN48⁃3’中花青素含量最高,为109.29 mg/100 g,‘LN48⁃2’中花青素含量最低,为84.39 mg/100 g,但其花青素组成相同,均由矢车菊素⁃3⁃O⁃葡萄糖苷和芍药素⁃3⁃O⁃葡萄糖苷组成。采用等离子质谱仪分析黑香糯米中矿物质含量,‘LN48⁃2’品系的钙元素和锌元素含量最高,分别为1370.8 mg/kg和60.3 mg/kg,其次是‘LN54’,分别为956.3 mg/kg和55.2 mg/kg;新创制5个品系的铁元素含量变幅范围为57.0~82.3 mg/kg,高于对照黑香糯米‘LN56 CK’。

不同氮用量对香稻幼苗生长及生理指标的影响

为探究不同用量氮对香稻苗期生长和生理指标的影响,本试验在砂培条件下以香粳稻品种稻花香2号为试材,设置N20(20 mg/L)、N30(30 mg/L)、N40(40 mg/L)、N50(50 mg/L)、N60(60 mg/L)共5个氮浓度处理,研究其对香稻苗期生长和叶片氮代谢关键酶活性、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量等的影响,并对与氮素水平显著相关的指标和形态学指标进行Z分综合评价。结果表明,随着外源氮浓度的升高,叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)、亚硝酸还原酶(NIR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)和谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)活性和可溶性蛋白含量均呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,且均于N50处理下最高。随着氮浓度升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先下降后上升的趋势,SOD活性在N40处理下最低,POD活性在N30处理下最低。丙二醛(MDA)含量低氮(30 mg/L以下)处理显著高于高氮(40 mg/L以上)处理。N40~N60处理的相关指标综合评价的总和(∑Z_(i))为正值,其中,N50处理水平的∑Z_(i)值最高,为10.201。综合来看,40~60 mg/L氮素可以保证稻花香2号苗期生长发育的正常进行,但低于或者高于50 mg/L均会对氮代谢相关酶活性产生一定抑制,并且低于40 mg/L会显著增加幼苗叶片MDA的积累,故50 mg/L的氮最有益于稻花香2号幼苗的生长发育。

不同生育类型南方香型粳稻品种产量与品质特征分析

广泛收集我国南方香型粳稻品种,对其产量与品质进行系统研究,比较3种类型香型粳稻各指标差异,筛选适宜我国南方不同生态区种植的高产优质浓香型粳稻品种。结果表明:中熟中粳、迟熟中粳、早熟晚粳南方香型粳稻品种的产量分别为8.07、9.78、9.89 t·hm^(-2);上述3种生育类型南方香型粳稻品种的整精米率分别为49.11%、56.19%、60.20%,垩白度分别为13.01%、17.90%、17.47%,食味值分别为62.26、75.07、78.84,香味物质主成分2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉(2-AP)含量分别为105.73、123.63、177.78 ng·g^(-1)。早熟晚粳与迟熟中粳香型粳稻产量、整精米率、食味值显著高于中熟中粳稻;而中熟中粳香型粳稻垩白度显著低于早熟晚粳与迟熟中粳;早熟晚粳香型粳稻2-AP含量最高,迟熟中粳次之,中熟中粳最低。以产量、食味值、2-AP含量为核心指标,采用K-Mean聚类分析我国南方香型粳稻产量、食味值、2-AP含量的品种间差异,确定产量9.96 t·hm^(-2)、食味值82.00、2-AP含量193.25 ng·g^(-1)为判定南方高产、优质、浓香型粳稻品种的指标。据此指标,中熟中粳品种苏香粳3号、武育0155、武育粳195等,迟熟中粳品种金香玉1号、武育粳366、南粳9108等,早熟晚粳品种南粳46、宁香粳9号、浙香禾2号等品种产量较高,品质较优,香气较浓,综合表现较好,适宜在我国南方粳稻区相应生态区推广种植。

不同基因型香稻品种在广州从化的适应性研究

为筛选适宜在广州从化区种植的香稻品种,以6个香稻品种为材料,调查各香稻品种的产量和籽粒香气(2-AP)含量。结果表明,软华优金丝产量最高,为548 kg/hm^(2),但象牙香占、青香优19香、美香占2号的产量与软华优金丝无显著差异。象牙香占籽粒2-AP含量最高,与青香优19香差异不显著,但显著高于其他品种。各品种2-AP含量高的原因在于叶片和籽粒中前体物质如脯氨酸、1-吡咯啉和1-吡咯啉-5羧酸含量保持较高水平。象牙香占、青香优19香和软华优金丝在从化种植可以同时保持较高的产量和籽粒2-AP含量,可为从化香米产业的发展提供良好的品种支持。

丝苗型香稻19香高产栽培技术要点探讨

近年来广东省大面积推广应用大量的优质稻品种及其配套技术,丝苗米在全省种植面积大幅增加。19香是广东省主导推广的丝苗米品种。2020年兴宁市丝苗型香稻19香丝苗香米周年产量1300.12 kg/666.7m^(2),刷新了双季稻香米年平均亩产量全国纪录。该品种在示范种植中田间表现良好,株型中集,分蘖力强,穗长粒多,抗倒力强。文章基于兴宁市的示范种植,总结了19香创高产的栽培关键技术要点,提出高产栽培技术管理措施,以期为丝苗型香稻品种的高产栽培提供参考,为我国的粮食安全作出贡献。

优质丰产香稻新品种粤香430的选育及应用

为推进水稻优质化进程,自2018年起广东省开始设立香稻组区域试验,粤香430是广东省第一批参试并通过审定的香稻新品种。该品种为感温型常规稻,株型集散适中,抗倒力强,丰产性好,稻米品质优,区试平均产量456.3 kg/667 m^(2),在区试组中名列第一,比香稻组对照美香占2号显著增产;稻米品质达部标优质1级,直链淀粉含量16.2%,长宽比3.3,有香味(2-AP含量675.0~1 030.9μg/kg),品鉴食味分84.0~91.0分,米饭软滑、浓香,曾获广东首届稻米发展大会金奖。叶瘟1.4~3.0级,穗瘟3.0~3.4级,田间表现较强抗性,适宜广东省各地早、晚季种植。在广东阳山、化州、新会、茂名、南雄等地试种表现良好,已成为广东多个丝苗米产业园的生产和加工用种,具有很好的推广应用前景。

Novel Deletion in Exon 7 of Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2(BADH2)

The fragrance of rice is one of the premium characteristics that breeders want to include in rice varieties due to the higher market value. Nucleotide deletions in exons 2(7 bp) and 7(8 bp) of Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2(BADH2) are associated with fragrance in rice. In this study, a new 13 bp deletion in exon 7 of the BADH2 gene was discovered in the Nang Thom Cho Dao(NTCD) variety, and the mutation has been closely related to the genetic background of indica subspecies through the Bayesian phylogenetic approach and haplotype network analysis of the 3 000 Rice Genomes Project. In addition, a set of functional markers(EX07-13F, EX07-13RN, and EX07-13RM) identified the 13 bp deletion only within NTCD(no amplified band) compared with both non-aromatic and other aromatic rice varieties(110 bp band). The deletion of 13 bases instead of 8 bases in exon 7 of BADH2 caused a premature stop codon, which down-regulated the expression of the BADH2 transcript while associated with up-regulation of OsP5CS and the high amount of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. It is potential to use the deletion in exon 7 of the BADH2 gene as a novel marker for adulteration and breeding of fragrant rice varieties, particularly for NTCD.

香型粳稻新品种龙稻204的品种特性及栽培技术

为促进黑龙江省第一积温带香稻新品种的选育及推广,本文介绍了香型粳稻新品种龙稻204的选育过程、品种特性、产量表现及栽培技术。龙稻204是黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所以哈9230为母本、五优稻4号为父本,采用系谱法选育而成的香稻新品种,在多年鉴定试验中表现出丰产性优良、品质好及耐冷性强等特性。2021-2022年区域试验平均产量为8035.5 kg·hm^(-2),较同区域对照品种松粳22增产7.6%;2022年生产试验平均产量为8051.5 kg·hm^(-2),较同区域对照品种松粳22增产8.1%。2023年龙稻204通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号为黑审稻20230006。该品种在适应区域从出苗到成熟生育日数146 d左右,适宜在黑龙江省第一积温带上限区域种植。

高产 优质 抗病香稻新品种垦香48的选育及其配套栽培技术

垦香48是以武运粳21为母本、05-18为父本杂交,在F_2代优选单株,经过连续7 a单株系统选择选育而成的香稻新品种。该品种具有高产、稳产、抗条纹叶枯病、品质好、适应性强的特点。2016~2017年河北省水稻品种区域试验,2 a平均产量为10 511.3 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种垦育38增产4.3%;2017年河北省水稻生产试验,平均产量为9 945.0 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种垦育38增产3.5%。2017~2018年国家水稻京津唐组区域试验,2 a平均产量为9 665.3 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种津原45增产3.9%;2019年国家水稻京津唐组生产试验,平均产量为9 634.2 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种津原45增产4.5%。该品种稻米品质达到了国家优质3级米标准。2018年通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:冀审稻20180002);2020年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:国审稻20200044)。适宜在北京、天津、山东东营、河北冀东及中北部一季春稻区的稻瘟病轻发区域种植。