Free Play and"Loving Care":A Qualitative Inquiry of Chinese Kindergarten Teachers' Professional Ethics

Purpose:Chinese kindergarten teachers commonly held"loving and caring for young children"as a core professional ethic,but many reported fatigue and burnout because of this ethical practice.This study presents a unique account of how children's free play has helped transform teachers'professional ethics and increased their professional satisfaction.Design/Approach/Methods:Followinga purposivesampling,we interviewed eight Chinese teachers who actively promoted children's free play.The analysis of the interview transcripts led to an in-depth interpretation of the teachers'experiences through a dialogue with various concepts and theories.Findings:A major finding was that children's free play facilitated the change in teachers'understandings of their professional ethics.Their observation and support of children's free play brought them the unprecedented joy of teaching,which helped them redefine loving and caring for children andgave risetoa new codeof professional ethics.

Kindergarten Teachers’Language Modeling Behaviors in Daily Activities and Free Play

Teachers’language modeling behaviors,including frequent conversation,open-ended questions,repetition and extension,self-and parallel talks,and advanced language,have significantly impacted young children’s language learning and development.This study examined 60 classrooms from 20 kindergartens in Guangzhou,China,and analyzed 62 films of daily activities and 57 videos of free play.It aims to address the research gap in existing research that pays little attention to teachers’language modeling behaviors in daily activities and free play.The results indicate that the more frequent teachers’language modeling behaviors,the larger the vocabulary young children use and the better their performance in lexical richness.However,such behaviors in daily activities and free play are infrequent and superficial,failing to guide young children’s language development effectively.To optimize teachers’language modeling behaviors in daily activities and free play,they are expected to establish positive emotional bonds with young children in a kind and respectful manner and receive training.Teachers are also encouraged to frequently communicate and engage in dialogues with young children,create contexts that facilitate the use of language,increase the frequency of stimuli for vocabulary learning,and guide and encourage young children’s advanced language.

Influence of Free Indoor Football Play （FISP） on the Circulatory System, among Overweight Young Adult Male

For middle age individuals （male）, it may be difficult to find motivation for suitable exercise training, which has similarly favorable characteristics for cardiovascular adaptations as other exercises performed by younger individuals. Fifty four （n = 54）; （age = 41.57±3.25） untrained, overweight （F% = 19.52 ± 5.6）, range of （12.6-30.6）, （visceral fat area （VFA） = 111.1 cm^-2） healthy male （they are managers in four different Banks） were taking part in this research program. The participants took part on preliminary cardiac examination （echocardiography, GE Vivid 9 ultrasound machine. Body composition measured with type of ＂InBody720＂ （Biospace Co. Inc., Seoul, South Korea） Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer （BIA）. The heart rate of the participants was measured continuously during all training sessions using heart rate belts （POLAR Team System, Finland）. Pulmonary gas exchange ＂Cardiosoft＂, （Milwaukee, USA were measured during a standardized treadmill test. Results： In many cases of the free indoor soccer play （FISP） recorded extremely high pulse rate, which is compared with the laboratory high pulse rate （LHPR）, much higher than the recommended physiological load level HR（FISP） 〉 190 beat/min; HR（LHPR） = 175 beat/min ; P 〈 0.001. Despite the many advantages of the Free Indoor Football Play （FISP） are hiding a lot of dangerous in the terms of circulatory adaptation.

A Conceptualist Reading of Kant's Aesthetic Judgment of Beauty

This essay offers a conceptualist reading of Kant to address two central issues in Critique of Judgment:what is the nature of the judgment of beauty,and how it bears on the a priori principle of judgment.Challenging the popular subjectivist approach which conceives Kant's judgment of beauty as a nonconceptual mental state,I argue that the judgment of beauty in Kant is a fullfledged judgment whose conceptual contents are aesthetic appreciation and criticism,and that the principle of subjective purposiveness in judgment refers to a generic concept instead of a mental episode.My view has the advantage over the subjectivism of both preserving the intuitive idea that aesthetic judgments have rich conceptual contents,and of avoiding the theoretical difficulties which subjectivism suffers.To sharpen my focus,I will present a sophisticated subjectivist reading of Kant's aesthetics given by Hannah Ginsborg in section 2,and in section 3 give my criticism of Ginsborg's theory,which also reveals a fundamental limit of the subjectivist approach in general.Finally,in section 4 I give my own conceptualist reading of Kant's aesthetics and respond to potential challenges from the subjectivist camp.