Sensory Evaluation of Freeze-Dried Facial Mask and Analysis of User Profile

To thoroughly understand market opportunity of freeze-dried facial mask and deeply get insight of consumers’usage behavior and needs,evaluate sensory feelings of 10 screened commercial freeze-dried facial mask products,group test products according to the differences of sensory attributions via Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering(AHC),pick up the representative products.Freeze-dried facial mask users evaluate satisfaction degree of picked up products and participate survey of usage behavior/cognition.Analyze consumer data by AHC to get consumer segmentations and their profile.The test results show that,sensory data and consumer data,which is from consumers test of screened representative products by performing PCA and AHC on sensory data,can be verified mutually.It is helpful to understand the needs of consumer segmentations and reason to buy by combining sensory data and consumer test.

Effects of Radix Puerariae, Radix Rehmanniae and Their Compatibility on Blood Glucose and Blood Lipids in Mice

[Objectives]To explore the effects of the compatibility of Radix Puerariae and Radix Rehmanniae on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mouses.[Methods]Diabetic mouse model was established.The body weight and fasting blood glucose of mice were measured after 7 and 14 d of administration,and the biochemical indicators of blood lipids(TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C)were detected after 14 d of administration.[Results]Compared with the Radix Puerariae group and Radix Rehmanniae group,the compatibility group(1:2)had the best hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and TC and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly decreased(P<0.05),while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)significantly increased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Radix Puerariae,Radix Rehmanniae and their combination can reduce the blood glucose of diabetic mice.The compatibility group(1:2)had a significant hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly declined,while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)rose significantly.

Ag/TiO_2/freeze-dried graphene nanocomposite as a high performance photocatalyst under visible light irradiation

Ag/TiO2/freeze-dried graphene nanocomposites have been prepared via a facile one-step solvothermal method for the photocatalytic degradation of Rh B under visible light irradiation. During the solvothermal process, reduction of graphene oxide and loading of Ag/TiO2nanoparticles on graphene sheets were achieved. Investigation of chemical state of products showed that covering of Ag/TiO2surface with higher weight ratio of graphene resulting in that Ag metals in Ag/TiO2were oxidized to Ag2 O in nanocomposite structure after solvothermal process. Degree of photocatalytic activity enhancement strongly depends on the coverage of Ag/TiO2surface by porous graphene. The sample of 1 wt% porous graphene hybridized Ag/TiO2showed the highest photocatalytic activity, which is related to high migration efficiency of photoinduced of electrons and reduction of electron–hole recombination rate due to high electrical conductivity of graphene. Expanding of absorption to visible light region was ascribed to surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag metals and presence of graphene. Investigation of photocatalytic performance of formic acid as a dye-less organic pollutant showed that dye sensitization effect of Rh B molecules during evaluation of photocatalytic performance was negligible.

Study of self-made freeze-dried bilayered fibrin-binding amniotic membrane in ocular trabeculectomy in rabbits

AIM: To investigate the antifibrotic effect of freeze-dried bilayered fibrin-binding amniotic membrane on trabeculectomy in a rabbit model. METHODS: Twenty-four Japanese white rabbits were randomized into three groups: the experimental group (ocular trabeculectomy in combination with freeze-dried bilayered fibrin-binding amniotic membrane transplantation), the control group (ocular trabeculectomy in combination with natural bilayered fibrin-binding amniotic membrane) and the blank group (single trabeculectomy). Clinical observation, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Massion staining, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry for alpha -SMA were performed on days 7, 14, 21 and 30 following surgery. RESULTS: Statistical differences were noted in survival. analysis and intraocular pressure(IOP) among groups on days 7, 14, 21 and 30 following surgery. Histology, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR further demonstrated that trabeculectomy in combination with freeze-dried bilayered fibrin-binding amniotic membrane resulted in good wound healing and no scar formation. CONCLUSION: Self-made freeze-dried bilayered fibrin-binding amniotic membrane may inhibit the formation of scarring in glaucoma after trabeculectomy.

Efficacy of Yiqi Fumai (Freeze-Dried Powder) on Ischemic Diastolic Heart Failure

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Yiqi Fumai freeze-dry powder (YFP) on ischemic diastolic heart failure. Methods: 100 patients diagnosed with unstable angina accompanying ischemic diastolic heart failure (IDHF) were selected randomly. 52 patients with TCM syndrome of qi-yin deficiency were divided into Chinese and Western combination therapy group. 48 patients have no TCM syndrome of qi-yin deficiency, and were treated with standard western medicine. After treatment, Seattle Angina Questionnaire Evaluation, ECG, conventional and stress echocardiography (SE) index, NT-proBNP were compared between before and after treatment. Results: The differences of PL, TS, DP between before and after treatment by YFP were statistically significant

Viability of Two Freeze-dried Strains of Bifidobacterium Preparations at Various Temperatures during Prolonged Storage

Viability of bifidobacteria in freeze-dried probiotic products at various temperatures during prolonged storage was assessed. Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium infantis were freeze-dried. The freeze-dried preparations were stored at -18 , 4 , and 20 ℃. Cell counts were enumerated using BS agar at 37 ℃ for 48 h under anaerobic conditions at 0, 45 and 120 days. Storage at 20 ℃ showed the greatest decline in the viability of bifidobacteria, whereas that at -18 ℃ showed the least decrease.

Component Analysis of Shuanghuanglian Freeze-dried Powder and Its Effects on Human Hepatocyte Function when Combined with Cefradine

[Objectives]To detect the contents of components in Shuanghuanglian freeze-dried powder and to explore the effects of Shuanghuanglian freeze-dried powder and its components on human hepatocytes(HL-7702)alone or in combination with cefradine.[Methods]High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to detect the contents of baicalin,wogonin,chlorogenic acid and forsythin,the main components of Shuanghuanglian freeze-dried powder.HL-7702 cells were cultured with Shuanghuanglian freeze-dried powder and the main components of Shuanghuanglian freeze-dried powder alone or in combination with cefradine.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the contents of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)in the cell supernatant after culture,and HPLC was used to detect the expression level of adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP);agarose gel electrophoresis was used to detect the expression of cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in HL-7702 cells.[Results]In Shuanghuanglian freeze-dried powder for injection,the content of baicalin was the highest,and the content of wogonin was the lowest.Compared with the control group,the expressions of AST and ALT in human hepatocytes(HL-7702)in high-dose baicalin group,forsythin group and wogonin group decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the expression of ALT in chlorogenic acid+cefradine group(0.046 mg/mL)and forsythin+cefradine group(0.046 mg/mL)increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the expression of AST had no significant difference(P>0.05);the results in the low-dose group were similar to those in the high-dose group.Compared with the control group,ATP expression in chlorogenic acid group,chlorogenic acid+cefradine group(0.046 mg/mL)and forsythin+cefradine group(0.046 mg/mL)in the high-dose group decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and ADP expression was not significantly different(P>0.05);in the low-dose group,the expression of ATP and ADP increased in baicalin group(P<0.05),but decreased in wogonin group,baicalin+cefradine group(0.046 mg/mL)and wogonin group+cefradine group(0.046 mg/mL)(P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the expressions of COX-2 and HO-1 in HL-7702 cells in the cefradine group showed no significant difference(P>0.05).The expression of HO-1 and COX-2 in the different dose groups of Shuanghuanglian and the group combined with cefradine increased,and the difference was significant(P<0.05,P<0.01).[Conclusions]The components of Shuanghuanglian freeze-dried powder for injection had effects on hepatocytes,of which baicalin had a significant effect,and the effect of cefradine on hepatocytes was increased when used in combination with cefradine.

Deciphering the potential mechanism of Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata for treating cancer-related anemia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology

Background:Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata(RRP,Shu Dihuang in Cinese)is a traditional Chinese herb with multiple pharmacological effects and is commonly used to treat blood deficiency syndrome,such as cancer-related anemia(CRA),alone or in combination with other herbs.However,its main active ingredients and mechanisms of action in treating CRA remain unknown.This study aims to elucidate RRP’s potential mechanism and main active components in treating CRA by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology system.Methods:The main components of RRP were obtained by the TCMSP database and literature search,and active components and potential targets were obtained by the SwissADME and SwissTargetPridiction databases.CRA targets were collected through GeneCards,DisGeNET,and DrugBank databases.Protein-protein interaction networks of potential targets were constructed via STRING 11.5 and analyzed visually with Cytoscape 3.9.1.The Metascape platform was used for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis,which were subsequently visualized with Cytoscape 3.9.1 or SangerBox platform.Moreover,Autodock Vina was used for the molecular docking of potential targets and main active ingredients that were visualized with PyMOL software.Results:In this study,31 main active ingredients of PPR were screened,and 155 related targets related to CRA were unearthed.Protein-protein interaction results showed that PPR’s core proteins for CRA intervention correlate to STAT3,SRC,MAPK3,MAPK1,PIK3R1,PIK3CA,and AKT.Multiple signaling pathways were closely related to the treatment of CRA intervened by PPR,including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway,TNF-αsignaling,cytokine signaling pathway and NF-kappB signaling pathway,which are closely involved in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cell and inflammatory response.Molecular docking results showed that these potential targets had good conformation with the core active components of RRP for treating CRA.Conclusion:This study revealed RRP’s main active components and potential molecular mechanisms in treating CRA,providing a reference for subsequent basic research.

铅胁迫对地黄生长及光合特性的影响

为了阐明铅(Pb)胁迫对地黄生长量及光合特征的影响,探讨药用植物对重金属胁迫的响应机制,以‘北京3号’地黄为试验材料,采用土培盆栽试验,以自然土壤加水为对照(0 mg·kg^(-1)),设置5个外源Pb浓度(50、100、200、300和400 mg·kg^(-1))处理,分析不同Pb浓度处理对地黄不同生长时期的生长量、叶片光合色素含量、光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明,高浓度Pb处理抑制了地黄叶片数、叶长、叶宽和叶厚的增长,光合色素含量和叶绿素荧光参数在整个生育期内随Pb浓度的升高均表现为先升高后降低,当Pb浓度高于200 mg·kg^(-1)时,电子传递速率、光合量子产量、最大荧光和初始荧光均显著降低;随Pb浓度的升高,地黄叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_(2)浓度在地黄膨大初期至膨大前期逐渐降低,在膨大中期至收获期则表现为先升高后降低;蒸腾速率在整个生育期内随Pb浓度的升高呈下降趋势;地黄的光合特性对Pb的耐受性总体表现为50 mg·kg^(-1)处理>100 mg·kg^(-1)处理>0 mg·kg^(-1)处理>200 mg·kg^(-1)处理>300 mg·kg^(-1)处理>400 mg·kg^(-1)处理。综上所述,当Pb浓度低于200 mg·kg^(-1)时,地黄通过吸收光能、增强光合作用对抗Pb胁迫,当Pb浓度过高时,地黄光合作用减弱,对地黄的生长产生显著的抑制作用。研究比较了不同Pb浓度处理对地黄不同生育期生长量及光合特征的影响,解析了地黄对Pb元素的抗性机制,以期为农田土壤的安全利用及地黄的种植管理提供重要技术参考。

熟地黄-山茱萸药对通过PI3K/AKT通路对Aβ25-35诱导的N2a细胞凋亡的影响

目的研究熟地黄-山茱萸药对通过磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/AKT)信号通路对β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ25-35)诱导小鼠脑神经瘤细胞株(N2a)细胞凋亡的抑制作用。方法以Aβ25-35(20μmol/L)处理N2a细胞构建阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)细胞模型,给予低、高浓度的熟地黄-山茱萸醇提物作用24 h。采用CCK8法测定细胞存活率,寻求最佳的Aβ25-35的诱导浓度;Hoechst 33342和Annexin V-FITC/PI染色检测细胞凋亡;比色法检测含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3(Caspase-3)活性;Western Blot法检测cleaved Caspase-3、p-PI3K、PI3K、p-AKT和AKT蛋白表达。结果与空白对照组比较,经过Aβ25-35处理后的N2a细胞凋亡率和Caspase-3蛋白表达及活性显著升高,p-PI3K/PI3K、p-AKT/AKT比值下降(P<0.05);给予低、高浓度的熟地黄-山茱萸醇提物作用24 h后,N2a细胞的凋亡率和Caspase-3蛋白表达及活性降低,p-PI3K/PI3K、p-AKT/AKT比值升高,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与低剂量组比,高剂量组N2a细胞的凋亡率和Caspase-3活性降低,p-AKT/AKT比值升高(P<0.05)。结论熟地黄-山茱萸醇提物可对Aβ25-35诱导的N2a细胞凋亡具有保护作用,其机制可能与促进PI3K/AKT信号通路有关。

地黄UDP-鼠李糖:鼠李糖基转移酶基因家族的生物信息学和表达分析

尿苷二磷酸鼠李糖基转移酶能将活性鼠李糖基供体转移到其糖基化受体分子上,合成鼠李糖基化的化合物.它们结构多样,活性广泛,具有药理、维持细胞结构、信号转导和化学防御及调节植物体内激素水平等重要作用.迄今,已从多种植物中分离得到这类酶,但有关其基因家族的结构特性与在植物次生代谢产物毛蕊花糖苷生物合成中的作用研究较少.以地黄尿苷二磷酸鼠李糖基转移酶基因(RgURT)家族的4个成员RgURT1~RgURT4为材料,利用生物信息学对该家族的特征进行了分析,比较了RgURT在高、低毛蕊花糖苷地黄品种块根中的表达模式.结果表明,其cDNA大小为645~1 422 bp,编码蛋白质分子量为24.05~53.24 kDa,由214~473个氨基酸残基组成,属于糖基转移酶GT-B型超家族,C端具有保守结构域盒(PSPG盒),无信号肽,亚细胞定位在细胞质中,二级结构以无规则卷曲和α-螺旋为主;RgURT4与RgURT1~RgURT3分别聚类为2个簇,RgURT4蛋白与其他3个URT蛋白序列之间的同源性低;RT-qPCR分析表明,RgURT基因在高毛蕊花糖苷地黄块根中的表达量高于低毛蕊花糖苷地黄块根中的表达量.研究首次揭示了地黄RgURT家族的特征,初步验证了RgURT与地黄毛蕊花糖苷合成相关,将为进一步研究毛蕊花糖苷合成提供了重要酶基因.

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Actin Gene from Rehmannia glutinosa

[ Objective ] The aim of this study is to clone and analyze the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Method ] Degenerate primers were designed according to the conserved regions of actin sequences of Rehmannia glutinosa and its similar species, RT-PCR was next conducted to amplify the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Result] The amplified fragment is 724 bp and correspondingly 240 amino acids. The BLAST results indicate that the homology between the amplified fragment and other higher plants for aetin gene sequences and amino acid are more than 80% and 90%, respectively, suggesting that the amplified fragment is the actin gene of Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Conclusion] Phylogenetic analysis shows that the actin gene of Rehmannia glutinosa has an intimate genetic relationship with actin7 gene of Nicotiana tabacum.

地黄对斜纹夜蛾生长发育的影响

【目的】斜纹夜蛾是危害棉田的重要害虫,地黄是农田常见杂草,探索并利用地黄防治斜纹夜蛾对于棉花可持续生产具有重要意义。【方法】分别将地黄根或叶干粉混拌于斜纹夜蛾人工饲料(地黄干粉与饲料的质量比分别为1∶3、1∶6、1∶9和1∶18),初步明确地黄对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的死亡率、发育历期和体重的影响;进一步采用药膜法,研究地黄根或叶干粉的95%乙醇提取液(地黄干粉与提取溶剂的料液比分别为1∶50、1∶30和1∶10)对1~6龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫死亡率的影响。【结果】取食混有地黄根或叶干粉饲料的斜纹夜蛾幼虫生长发育受到一定的影响,随着饲料中地黄根或叶干粉含量的增大,斜纹夜蛾幼虫死亡率升高、发育历期延长、体重降低。地黄根或叶干粉与饲料的质量比为1∶3时,其对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的抑制效果最好。地黄根或叶提取液对低龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫有一定抑制作用,对高龄幼虫的毒杀作用较差,同一测定时间随地黄提取液浓度增大,斜纹夜蛾低龄幼虫的死亡率升高。地黄根或叶干粉与提取溶剂的料液比为1∶10时,对斜纹夜蛾1~6龄幼虫的毒杀作用效果最好。【结论】地黄对斜纹夜蛾有一定的抑制作用,在一定范围内,用量越大其抑制作用越强,研究结果可为有效利用农田杂草资源开发植物源杀虫剂奠定理论基础。

铁皮石斛熟地酸奶的研究与开发

为了充分开发药食两用材料铁皮石斛和熟地的利用价值,丰富酸奶的种类,以全脂奶粉、鲜铁皮石斛、熟地和木糖醇为原料,研究了铁皮石斛熟地酸奶的制作工艺。以感官品质为评价指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验,探讨铁皮石斛浸提液添加量、熟地浸提液添加量、木糖醇添加量、奶粉添加量、菌种添加量以及发酵时间对铁皮石斛熟地酸奶品质的影响,确定其最佳工艺。铁皮石斛浸提液添加量5%,熟地浸提液添加量6%,木糖醇添加量11%,奶粉添加量17%,菌种添加量0.32%,得到产品的综合感官评分90.5。42℃条件下发酵6 h后置于4℃冰箱后11 h得到的铁皮石斛熟地酸奶酸甜适中,口感爽滑,质地细腻,呈稳定均一的淡黄色,具有铁皮石斛特殊的青草香味,理化指标与微生物指标均符合国家标准要求。

地黄的主要化学成分及药理作用研究进展

地黄为玄参科地黄属植物,是我国药食同源常用中药材之一,始载于《神农本草经》,临床应用广泛,主产于河南、河北、山东、山西等地,以河南怀庆府产最为道地,是著名的“四大怀药”之一。近年来,随着国内外学者对地黄全面深入地研究,其结构多样的化学成分、广泛的药理作用及开发应用备受关注。本文对地黄化学成分和药理活性的相关文献进行综述,旨在为相关研究提供参考。

地黄属(Rehmannia)和崖白菜属(Triaenophora)植物的叶表皮形态特征

利用扫描电子显微镜对车前科(P lantaginaceae)地黄属(Rehmannia)和崖白菜属(Triaenophora)8种植物成熟叶片的背面进行了观察。地黄属和崖白菜属的气孔都突出于叶表面,气孔类型均为无规则型;毛被有2种类型,即单列多细胞疏柔毛+单列多细胞腺毛和单列多细胞棉毛+单列多细胞腺毛。气孔和毛被在种间无明显的差异,不能作为分种依据,但毛被在属间具有明显的差异,具有一定的属间分类意义。

地黄氧-酰基转移酶WSD基因的鉴定与表达分析

植物蜡酯合成酶催化长链醇和长链脂肪酸合成蜡酯,对植物蜡质合成及其抗旱、抗致病菌袭击和紫外辐射、抗寒和昆虫侵害等环境胁迫具有非常重要的作用;镉是环境中含量最高的有毒重金属之一,严重威胁植物的生长发育、质量、产量和食用安全。为研究地黄蜡酯合成酶基因镉胁迫表达,该文从地黄全长转录组测序数据中鉴定其成员,并用生物信息学技术与qRT-PCR对其编码蛋白质的理化性质、系统进化和保守结构域及其组织表达与镉胁迫表达进行分析。结果表明:(1)鉴定出两个蜡酯合成酶基因RgOATWSD1与RgOATWSD2,其编码蛋白质的长度、理论等电点和相对分子量依次为463 aa与473 aa、8.86与9.34、51.31 kD与52.49 kD,均为不稳定蛋白。(2)二者均具有acyl_WS_DGAT保守域与DUF1298超家族,前者占其氨基酸序列的92.65%~94.50%。(3)二者均定位于内质网中,二级结构以无规卷曲与α螺旋为主;RgOATWSD1为跨膜蛋白,而RgOATWSD2不是。(4)二者均在地黄根、茎、叶中差异表达。(5)二者表达均受镉胁迫诱导,但其表达变化趋势不同。该研究鉴定了两个镉胁迫应答反应的蜡酯合成酶基因,为地黄RgOATWSD的镉胁迫表达及功能研究奠定了基础。

地黄的临床应用及其用量探究

通过搜集古代名医及现代医家临床应用中药地黄的不同经验及用量,总结出汤剂中地黄用量约10~440 g;常用剂量约10~30 g;散剂用量约0.305~12.39375 g。如治疗急慢性肾小球肾炎、硬皮病、肌无力、脑萎缩、老年性白血病、多囊卵巢综合征、骨纤维发育异常等疾病,可使用熟地黄益精填髓,生地黄清热凉血解毒,常配伍当归、淫羊藿、生晒参、山茱萸、菟丝子、鹿角胶等,剂量为15~30 g;再生障碍性贫血、状疱疹及后遗神经痛、慢性乙肝、肝硬化、糖尿病及其并发症等疾病,可使用生地黄清热凉血解毒,常配伍牡丹皮、赤芍、水牛角、玄参、枸杞、当归等,剂量为10~30 g;治疗类风湿关节炎、阿尔茨海默病、崩漏等疾病,可使用熟地黄补肾扶正,生地黄滋阴养血,常配伍淫羊藿、海风藤、乌梢蛇、山茱萸、生晒参等,剂量为10~30 g;治疗崩漏时常取其滋补肾精、充养冲任、凉血止血之功,常配伍菟丝子、女贞子、枸杞子,剂量为10~30 g。

地黄多糖对DSS诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的治疗作用

目的探讨地黄多糖对葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的治疗作用及机制。方法提取生、熟地黄水提物及多糖,并测定生、熟地黄多糖相对分子量及单糖组成。将70只ICR小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组(DSS组)、美沙拉嗪组(5-ASA组)、生地黄水提物组(RR组)、熟地黄水提物组(PR组)、生地黄多糖组(RRP组)、熟地黄多糖组(PRP组),每组10只。第1~7天,除空白组外,其余小鼠饮用3%的DSS;第8~14天,空白组和DSS组小鼠饮用无菌水,5-ASA组、RR组、RRP组、PR组和PRP组分别给予美沙拉嗪、生地黄水提物、生地黄多糖、熟地黄水提物及熟地黄多糖,给药剂量均为200 mg/kg。实验过程中每天记录小鼠的体质量、粪便硬度及直肠出血情况(疾病活动指数);测量小鼠结肠长度;采用HE染色法观察结肠组织病理形态变化;ELISA法测定结肠组织中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性及LPS水平。结果生、熟地黄多糖分子量均可分为约200 kD和4 kD。生地黄多糖由葡萄糖、半乳糖、半乳糖醛酸、甘露糖、鼠李糖、木糖、岩藻糖7种单糖所组成,熟地黄多糖由葡萄糖、半乳糖、半乳糖醛酸、甘露糖、木糖、岩藻糖6种单糖组成。与空白组相比,DSS组小鼠体质量明显下降(P<0.0001),DAI评分显著提高(P<0.0001),小鼠结肠长度缩短(P<0.05),脾脏质量增加(P<0.0001),结肠组织中MPO酶活性和血清中LPS含量升高(P<0.05)。与DSS组相比,5-ASA组、RR组、RRP组和PR组疾病活动指数显著下降(P<0.05);PRP组疾病活动指数评分最低(P<0.0001);PR组结肠长度显著增长(P<0.05);5-ASA组、RR组、PR组脾脏指数显著下降(P<0.01);多糖组(RRP和PRP组)下降最多(P<0.001);RR组、RRP组、PR组和PRP组结肠中MPO酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);PR组血清中LPS含量显著降低(P<0.05)。结论生、熟地黄多糖及水提物均能够改善结肠病理组织,且熟地黄水提物及多糖对结肠炎小鼠治疗效果较好。

基于地黄生、熟的肾气丸治疗糖尿病肾病模型小鼠药效差异研究

目的:探讨地黄生、熟的肾气丸对DKD模型小鼠的药效差异及可能的相关机制。方法:选取8只SPF级6~8周龄雄性db/m小鼠作为正常对照组(Control组),另选取24只SPF级6~8周龄雄性db/db小鼠按测定血糖随机分组为:模型对照组(Model组)、肾气丸生地黄组(S-L组)与肾气丸熟地黄组(S-R组),每组db/db小鼠8只。造模成功后,S-L组与S-R组每日分别灌服含有生、熟地黄的肾气丸水煎液(10.4 g/kg),正常组与模型组每日灌服等量生理盐水,连续56 d,检测二者对DKD模型小鼠末次给药24 h后空腹血糖、24 h尿蛋白定量(UP)、微量白蛋白(mAIB)、尿肌酐(Ucr)含量;总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、胆红素(TBIL)含量;HE染色观察肾脏组织病理形态学变化;Western blot法检测各组PI3K、Akt的蛋白含量。结果:与C组相比,Mo组小鼠空腹血糖、GSP、mAIB、Scr、UP、Ucr、TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT、AST、TBIL均增高,HDL-C、Ucr降低,HE染色显示肾小球系膜增生、肾小球系膜细胞增多、系膜基质沉积明显,PI3K、Akt蛋白的表达下调。与Mo组比较,S-L组与S-R组在生化指标上较Mo型组均有好转,HE染色显示肾小球病理损伤有所改善,并能上调PI3K、Akt的蛋白表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但治疗后两组对比,S-R组BUN、SCr、UP含量明显更低(P<0.05),AST低于S-L组差异明显(P<0.05)。结论:肾气丸中生、熟地黄均可改善DKD引起的肾功能损伤,而肾气丸熟地黄组在治疗DKD小鼠时药效更显著,其机制可能与上调肾组织中PI3K、Akt的表达水平有关。