CHEK2 (Checkpoint kinase homolog 2) encodes a protein involved in pathways that arrest the cell cycle in response to genomic stress such as DNA damage or replication blocks. Carriers of some of the CHEK2 mutations are...CHEK2 (Checkpoint kinase homolog 2) encodes a protein involved in pathways that arrest the cell cycle in response to genomic stress such as DNA damage or replication blocks. Carriers of some of the CHEK2 mutations are at an increased risk of breast cancer. A mutation in the kinase domain of the CHEK2 gene resulting in the R406H substitution has been reported. However, it is currently unknown whether the substitution alters the function of CHEK2 in vitro. We evaluated the effect of the R406H substitution on the normal function of CHEK2 using a yeast complementation assay. The yeast cells lacking Rad53, the yeast homologue of human CHEK2 were transformed with the wild type as well as plasmids carrying mutations resulting in the R406H, 1100delC, and S428F variants. Yeast cells carrying the R406H variant grew at a rate similar to those carrying the wild type CHEK2, whereas the yeast carrying the S428F and 1100delC mutants grew at a slower rate. These results suggest that, unlike the well-known pathogenic alleles such as 1100delC and S428F, the R406H substitution does not abrogate the function of CHEK2. Therefore, this variant is probably not important in development of breast cancer in women.展开更多
In 1919 the first Jesuit coming from the francophone region of Canada(Québec) arrived in Xuzhou.After that date,other French Canadian missionaries never ceased to come to Xuzhou.Until 1949,more than 70 Jesuits ha...In 1919 the first Jesuit coming from the francophone region of Canada(Québec) arrived in Xuzhou.After that date,other French Canadian missionaries never ceased to come to Xuzhou.Until 1949,more than 70 Jesuits have preached there.These missionaries have left a number of invaluable documents.Very consistent archives may be found in the Archives des Jésuites in Saint-Jér?me,including the periodical Le Brigand which deals specifically with this mission of Xuzhou,personal books such as Canadiens en Chine from ?douard Lafortune,and a collection of Chinese artifacts among which one may admire the work of art " Bed of the Empress " Cixi,presently available at the Musée de la Civilisation,in the city of Québec.These numerous documents have contributed to lay a solid foundation for our study of French Canadian Jesuits in Xuzhou before 1949.展开更多
文摘CHEK2 (Checkpoint kinase homolog 2) encodes a protein involved in pathways that arrest the cell cycle in response to genomic stress such as DNA damage or replication blocks. Carriers of some of the CHEK2 mutations are at an increased risk of breast cancer. A mutation in the kinase domain of the CHEK2 gene resulting in the R406H substitution has been reported. However, it is currently unknown whether the substitution alters the function of CHEK2 in vitro. We evaluated the effect of the R406H substitution on the normal function of CHEK2 using a yeast complementation assay. The yeast cells lacking Rad53, the yeast homologue of human CHEK2 were transformed with the wild type as well as plasmids carrying mutations resulting in the R406H, 1100delC, and S428F variants. Yeast cells carrying the R406H variant grew at a rate similar to those carrying the wild type CHEK2, whereas the yeast carrying the S428F and 1100delC mutants grew at a slower rate. These results suggest that, unlike the well-known pathogenic alleles such as 1100delC and S428F, the R406H substitution does not abrogate the function of CHEK2. Therefore, this variant is probably not important in development of breast cancer in women.
文摘In 1919 the first Jesuit coming from the francophone region of Canada(Québec) arrived in Xuzhou.After that date,other French Canadian missionaries never ceased to come to Xuzhou.Until 1949,more than 70 Jesuits have preached there.These missionaries have left a number of invaluable documents.Very consistent archives may be found in the Archives des Jésuites in Saint-Jér?me,including the periodical Le Brigand which deals specifically with this mission of Xuzhou,personal books such as Canadiens en Chine from ?douard Lafortune,and a collection of Chinese artifacts among which one may admire the work of art " Bed of the Empress " Cixi,presently available at the Musée de la Civilisation,in the city of Québec.These numerous documents have contributed to lay a solid foundation for our study of French Canadian Jesuits in Xuzhou before 1949.
