Under the effects of COVID-19 and a number of ongoing lockdown tactics,anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality have become common mental health issues among college freshmen and are intimately related to their emotion...Under the effects of COVID-19 and a number of ongoing lockdown tactics,anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality have become common mental health issues among college freshmen and are intimately related to their emotional adaptation.To explore this connection,this study gathered data from a sample of 256 freshmen enrolled in an elite university in China in September 2022.The association between sleep quality,anxiety symptoms,and emotional adaptation was clarified using correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating function of anxiety symptoms between sleep quality and emotional adaptation was investigated using a structural equation model.The results reveal that:(1)Chinese elite university freshmen who were subjected to prolonged lockdown had poor sleep quality and mild anxiety symptoms;(2)a significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and anxiety symptoms was identified;(3)anxiety symptoms were found to have a significant negative impact on emotional adaptation;(4)poor sleep quality had a negative impact on emotional adaptation through anxiety symptoms.This research makes a valuable contribution by offering insights into the intricate relationship between sleep quality and emotional adaptation among freshmen in elite Chinese universities during prolonged lockdown conditions,and it is beneficial for schools and educators to further improve school schedules and psychological health initiatives.展开更多
This study aims to understand the overall level of mental health of newly enrolled students in a school in a Chinese southern urban city,and provide a scientific basis for school education;this study used Mental Healt...This study aims to understand the overall level of mental health of newly enrolled students in a school in a Chinese southern urban city,and provide a scientific basis for school education;this study used Mental Health Diagnostic Test(MHT)as a test instrument to test 258 new students enrolled in the school in the new semester.The results of the study found that the overall level of students’mental health was relatively good,but the detection rate was higher in the dimensions of serious psychological problems,such as self-blame tendency,physical symptoms,and impulsive tendency;the psychological problems of girls were more prominent than those of boys.In response to the current situation,the mental health work of junior high school freshmen can be carried out effectively through various ways such as optimizing the professional curriculum of freshmen mental health,strengthening the infiltration of mental health into subject teaching,combining case consultation and group counseling,and establishing a mental health education alliance system.展开更多
Objectives: To study AIDS related knowledge and attitudes among medical freshmen, and to find out their opinions regarding the implementation of AIDS prevention and education programs in colleges and middle schools. M...Objectives: To study AIDS related knowledge and attitudes among medical freshmen, and to find out their opinions regarding the implementation of AIDS prevention and education programs in colleges and middle schools. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in June 1997 among 266 medical freshmen in Shanghai (aged 16--23, 130 males and 136 females). Results: The results show that students have some knowledge about AIDS as a result of extensive mass media education in the recent years. But, at the same time, misunderstanding about HIV trans mission still exists. Some students still think that HIV could be transmitted through injection of vaccines (69% ), insect bites (48% ), use of public toilets (38% ) or sharing utensils (30% ). Only 67% know that using condoms can reduce the risk of sexual transmission of HIV. Different attitudes to AIDS patients were observed. Conclusion: The survey concludes that it is important to conduct AIDS education among first year medical students to empower them with correct information about AIDS and clarify their misunderstanding about the disease.展开更多
Challenges inherent with the transition to college are often accompanied by weight gain among college freshmen. Weight gain and duration of obesity increase metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk in young ...Challenges inherent with the transition to college are often accompanied by weight gain among college freshmen. Weight gain and duration of obesity increase metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk in young adulthood, which supports the need for weight loss interventions tailored to college students. The purpose of this investigation was to conduct a mixed methods pilot trial to determine the efficacy and acceptability of a semester long Internet-and incentive-based weight loss intervention for overweight/obese college freshmen. Participants (n = 27, aged >18 yrs, BMI >25) were randomly assigned to a 12-week social cognitive theory (SCT)-based intervention (Fit Freshmen [FF]) or a health information control group. The FF intervention also included modest financial incentives for weight loss. Primary outcomes included body weight/composition, dietary and physical activity (PA) behaviors, and psychosocial measures (i.e. self-efficacy, self-regulation) associated with diet, PA, and weight loss. Students in the FF intervention participated in focus groups to provide qualitative feedback on program structure and design. FF participants demonstrated significant reductions (all group differences展开更多
Introduction: With the arrival of the 21st century, drastic worldwide changes to natural, economic and social events have occurred. These include the Great East Japan Earthquake, and the global financial crisis. Furth...Introduction: With the arrival of the 21st century, drastic worldwide changes to natural, economic and social events have occurred. These include the Great East Japan Earthquake, and the global financial crisis. Furthermore, Japan experienced the introduction of a specific education system. In this study, we traced and compared the psychological characters of university freshmen for 16 years (years 2000-2016) using Big-Five personalities inventory (Japanese version). Methods: A total of 1189 physically and mentally healthy university freshmen participated in this study. They were divided into four groups according to the year they entered university. They completed a self-filled questionnaire, Big-Five personalities inventory, which consists of Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness and Openness. Result and Discussion: Compared with the year 2008, Extraversion nominally increased in 2012, however, it statistically significantly decreased in 2016. Agreeableness notably decreased from 2000 to 2008, then showed an increase in 2012. Compared to 2000, Neuroticism was statistically significantly lower in 2008 and 2016. Such statistically significant differences were not observed in the other two personalities. The personalities of university freshmen have changed in the last 16 years, which may be been caused by drastic changes. However, further research (e.g., larger-scale studies or studies including other university students) is required to support the current findings.展开更多
Based on the investigation of freshmen’metacognitive knowledge of business English-majors in English writing,the results show that:(1)the metacognitive subject knowledge of business English freshmen is at the middle ...Based on the investigation of freshmen’metacognitive knowledge of business English-majors in English writing,the results show that:(1)the metacognitive subject knowledge of business English freshmen is at the middle level,the metacognitive task knowledge is at a high level,the strategy of seeking teachers'help is at a high level,and the use of other strategies is at a middle or lower level;(2)There is no significant differences between high and low group learners in their views on Chinese writing level and in their strategies of seeking help from classmates;(3)Multiple regression analysis shows that the main factors affecting English writing achievement are the views on writing standard,the utilization of strategies in writing process and strategies of seeking help from teachers.展开更多
On the basis of practical teaching and leading innovation theory,this paper explores the necessity and importance of self-and peer assessment in the teaching to non-English majored college students. It is characterize...On the basis of practical teaching and leading innovation theory,this paper explores the necessity and importance of self-and peer assessment in the teaching to non-English majored college students. It is characterized with learner-centre and group work,the subject evaluation which takes formative assessment as a main method in order to promote the enthusiasm and initiatives of students' learning as well as improve the teaching effect. The research shows that Self-assessment improves Ss' independent learning skills,peer assessment group work help students in active learning,self-and peer assessment motivate students' English learning. In a comparison of other classes which aren't involved in this innovation,the group of freshmen know better about their learning outcome in an objective manner and can improve their method of English learning. Over all,the project can train students' ability to solve problems independently,and raise their language communicative competence gradually.展开更多
This paper firstly discusses the nature of discourse comprehesion,and then analyzes the importance of reading strategy instructionon reading comprehension. Finally,it presents some useful approaches to help freshmen o...This paper firstly discusses the nature of discourse comprehesion,and then analyzes the importance of reading strategy instructionon reading comprehension. Finally,it presents some useful approaches to help freshmen of non-English majors read effectively.展开更多
目的了解新疆高校新生身体形态指标与血压的特征及差异性,分析其关联性,为新疆高校新生高血压防治和干预提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样对新疆4所高校的1853名18~21岁大学新生进行身体形态、腰围、臀围、血压等指标测量,根据受试者血...目的了解新疆高校新生身体形态指标与血压的特征及差异性,分析其关联性,为新疆高校新生高血压防治和干预提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样对新疆4所高校的1853名18~21岁大学新生进行身体形态、腰围、臀围、血压等指标测量,根据受试者血压分为正常血压组和血压偏高组,分析不同性别、民族、年龄段新生血压的差异;统计学方法采用χ^(2)检验、Pearson相关性分析、Logistic回归分析及受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析。结果女生的体脂率(percent body fat,PBF)和体脂量高于男生[(24±8)%与(18±7)%,t=-17.95,P<0.01);(18±7)kg与(14±7)kg,t=-4.27,P<0.01],其他指标均低于男生;除体脂率外,汉族学生的身体形态指标均高于少数民族(P值均<0.01)。男生的血压偏高检出率高于女生[51.5%(538/1044)与42.4%(343/809),χ^(2)=15.250,P<0.01];汉族血压偏高检出率高于少数民族[59.4%(372/626)与41.5%(509/1227),χ^(2)=53.503,P<0.01];18~19岁新生的血压偏高检出率高于20~21岁[(51.4%(348/677)与45.3%(533/1176),χ^(2)=6.369,P<0.05)]。不同性别血压偏高组的身体形态指标均>正常血压组;大学新生收缩压与舒张压与身体形态呈现不同程度的相关性,多因素Logistics回归分析结果显示,男生的身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、PBF、体脂量、内脏脂肪等级(visceral fat level,VFL)、腰臀比(waist to hip ratio,WHR)和女生的体质量、BMI、体脂量、VFL超标以及女生体表面积(body surface area,BSA)下降都会增加血压偏高的风险;不同身体形态指标对血压偏高的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)均>0.5,且男生的每项指标AUC均大于女生,其中男生身体形态中有多项指标与血压偏高的AUC>0.65。结论身体形态指标对男生血压偏高的诊断意义大于女生,尤其是PBF指标,全身性肥胖,特别是皮下脂肪肥胖与血压的相关性较高。展开更多
基金the Tianjin Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project“Research on Value-Added Evaluation of Career Adaptability for Engineering Students Oriented towards Outstanding Engineers”,Grant Number TJJXQN22-001.
文摘Under the effects of COVID-19 and a number of ongoing lockdown tactics,anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality have become common mental health issues among college freshmen and are intimately related to their emotional adaptation.To explore this connection,this study gathered data from a sample of 256 freshmen enrolled in an elite university in China in September 2022.The association between sleep quality,anxiety symptoms,and emotional adaptation was clarified using correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating function of anxiety symptoms between sleep quality and emotional adaptation was investigated using a structural equation model.The results reveal that:(1)Chinese elite university freshmen who were subjected to prolonged lockdown had poor sleep quality and mild anxiety symptoms;(2)a significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and anxiety symptoms was identified;(3)anxiety symptoms were found to have a significant negative impact on emotional adaptation;(4)poor sleep quality had a negative impact on emotional adaptation through anxiety symptoms.This research makes a valuable contribution by offering insights into the intricate relationship between sleep quality and emotional adaptation among freshmen in elite Chinese universities during prolonged lockdown conditions,and it is beneficial for schools and educators to further improve school schedules and psychological health initiatives.
文摘This study aims to understand the overall level of mental health of newly enrolled students in a school in a Chinese southern urban city,and provide a scientific basis for school education;this study used Mental Health Diagnostic Test(MHT)as a test instrument to test 258 new students enrolled in the school in the new semester.The results of the study found that the overall level of students’mental health was relatively good,but the detection rate was higher in the dimensions of serious psychological problems,such as self-blame tendency,physical symptoms,and impulsive tendency;the psychological problems of girls were more prominent than those of boys.In response to the current situation,the mental health work of junior high school freshmen can be carried out effectively through various ways such as optimizing the professional curriculum of freshmen mental health,strengthening the infiltration of mental health into subject teaching,combining case consultation and group counseling,and establishing a mental health education alliance system.
基金the Durex International, Schering Company Organon Company, to whom the author's acknowledgements are given herewith.
文摘Objectives: To study AIDS related knowledge and attitudes among medical freshmen, and to find out their opinions regarding the implementation of AIDS prevention and education programs in colleges and middle schools. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in June 1997 among 266 medical freshmen in Shanghai (aged 16--23, 130 males and 136 females). Results: The results show that students have some knowledge about AIDS as a result of extensive mass media education in the recent years. But, at the same time, misunderstanding about HIV trans mission still exists. Some students still think that HIV could be transmitted through injection of vaccines (69% ), insect bites (48% ), use of public toilets (38% ) or sharing utensils (30% ). Only 67% know that using condoms can reduce the risk of sexual transmission of HIV. Different attitudes to AIDS patients were observed. Conclusion: The survey concludes that it is important to conduct AIDS education among first year medical students to empower them with correct information about AIDS and clarify their misunderstanding about the disease.
文摘Challenges inherent with the transition to college are often accompanied by weight gain among college freshmen. Weight gain and duration of obesity increase metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk in young adulthood, which supports the need for weight loss interventions tailored to college students. The purpose of this investigation was to conduct a mixed methods pilot trial to determine the efficacy and acceptability of a semester long Internet-and incentive-based weight loss intervention for overweight/obese college freshmen. Participants (n = 27, aged >18 yrs, BMI >25) were randomly assigned to a 12-week social cognitive theory (SCT)-based intervention (Fit Freshmen [FF]) or a health information control group. The FF intervention also included modest financial incentives for weight loss. Primary outcomes included body weight/composition, dietary and physical activity (PA) behaviors, and psychosocial measures (i.e. self-efficacy, self-regulation) associated with diet, PA, and weight loss. Students in the FF intervention participated in focus groups to provide qualitative feedback on program structure and design. FF participants demonstrated significant reductions (all group differences
文摘Introduction: With the arrival of the 21st century, drastic worldwide changes to natural, economic and social events have occurred. These include the Great East Japan Earthquake, and the global financial crisis. Furthermore, Japan experienced the introduction of a specific education system. In this study, we traced and compared the psychological characters of university freshmen for 16 years (years 2000-2016) using Big-Five personalities inventory (Japanese version). Methods: A total of 1189 physically and mentally healthy university freshmen participated in this study. They were divided into four groups according to the year they entered university. They completed a self-filled questionnaire, Big-Five personalities inventory, which consists of Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness and Openness. Result and Discussion: Compared with the year 2008, Extraversion nominally increased in 2012, however, it statistically significantly decreased in 2016. Agreeableness notably decreased from 2000 to 2008, then showed an increase in 2012. Compared to 2000, Neuroticism was statistically significantly lower in 2008 and 2016. Such statistically significant differences were not observed in the other two personalities. The personalities of university freshmen have changed in the last 16 years, which may be been caused by drastic changes. However, further research (e.g., larger-scale studies or studies including other university students) is required to support the current findings.
文摘Based on the investigation of freshmen’metacognitive knowledge of business English-majors in English writing,the results show that:(1)the metacognitive subject knowledge of business English freshmen is at the middle level,the metacognitive task knowledge is at a high level,the strategy of seeking teachers'help is at a high level,and the use of other strategies is at a middle or lower level;(2)There is no significant differences between high and low group learners in their views on Chinese writing level and in their strategies of seeking help from classmates;(3)Multiple regression analysis shows that the main factors affecting English writing achievement are the views on writing standard,the utilization of strategies in writing process and strategies of seeking help from teachers.
文摘On the basis of practical teaching and leading innovation theory,this paper explores the necessity and importance of self-and peer assessment in the teaching to non-English majored college students. It is characterized with learner-centre and group work,the subject evaluation which takes formative assessment as a main method in order to promote the enthusiasm and initiatives of students' learning as well as improve the teaching effect. The research shows that Self-assessment improves Ss' independent learning skills,peer assessment group work help students in active learning,self-and peer assessment motivate students' English learning. In a comparison of other classes which aren't involved in this innovation,the group of freshmen know better about their learning outcome in an objective manner and can improve their method of English learning. Over all,the project can train students' ability to solve problems independently,and raise their language communicative competence gradually.
文摘This paper firstly discusses the nature of discourse comprehesion,and then analyzes the importance of reading strategy instructionon reading comprehension. Finally,it presents some useful approaches to help freshmen of non-English majors read effectively.
文摘目的了解新疆高校新生身体形态指标与血压的特征及差异性,分析其关联性,为新疆高校新生高血压防治和干预提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样对新疆4所高校的1853名18~21岁大学新生进行身体形态、腰围、臀围、血压等指标测量,根据受试者血压分为正常血压组和血压偏高组,分析不同性别、民族、年龄段新生血压的差异;统计学方法采用χ^(2)检验、Pearson相关性分析、Logistic回归分析及受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析。结果女生的体脂率(percent body fat,PBF)和体脂量高于男生[(24±8)%与(18±7)%,t=-17.95,P<0.01);(18±7)kg与(14±7)kg,t=-4.27,P<0.01],其他指标均低于男生;除体脂率外,汉族学生的身体形态指标均高于少数民族(P值均<0.01)。男生的血压偏高检出率高于女生[51.5%(538/1044)与42.4%(343/809),χ^(2)=15.250,P<0.01];汉族血压偏高检出率高于少数民族[59.4%(372/626)与41.5%(509/1227),χ^(2)=53.503,P<0.01];18~19岁新生的血压偏高检出率高于20~21岁[(51.4%(348/677)与45.3%(533/1176),χ^(2)=6.369,P<0.05)]。不同性别血压偏高组的身体形态指标均>正常血压组;大学新生收缩压与舒张压与身体形态呈现不同程度的相关性,多因素Logistics回归分析结果显示,男生的身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、PBF、体脂量、内脏脂肪等级(visceral fat level,VFL)、腰臀比(waist to hip ratio,WHR)和女生的体质量、BMI、体脂量、VFL超标以及女生体表面积(body surface area,BSA)下降都会增加血压偏高的风险;不同身体形态指标对血压偏高的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)均>0.5,且男生的每项指标AUC均大于女生,其中男生身体形态中有多项指标与血压偏高的AUC>0.65。结论身体形态指标对男生血压偏高的诊断意义大于女生,尤其是PBF指标,全身性肥胖,特别是皮下脂肪肥胖与血压的相关性较高。
