New method of local adjuvant therapy with bicarbonate Ringer’s solution for tumoral calcinosis: A case report

BACKGROUND Tumoral calcinosis is a condition characterized by deposits of calcium phosphate crystals in extra-articular soft tissues,occurring in hemodialysis patients.Calcium phosphate crystals are mainly composed of hydroxyapatite,which is highly infilt-rative to tissues,thus making complete resection difficult.An adjuvant method to remove or resolve the residual crystals during the operation is necessary.CASE SUMMARY A bicarbonate Ringer’s solution with bicarbonate ions(28 mEq/L)was used as the adjuvant.After resecting calcium phosphate deposits of tumoral calcinosis as much as possible,while filling with the solution,residual calcium phosphate deposits at the pseudocyst wall can be gently scraped by fingers or gauze in the operative field.A 49-year-old female undergoing hemodialysis for 15 years had swelling with calcium deposition for 2 years in the shoulders,bilateral hip joints,and the right foot.A shoulder lesion was resected,but the calcification remained and early re-deposition was observed.Considering the difficulty of a complete rection,we devised a bicarbonate dissolution method and excised the foot lesion.After resection of the calcified material,the residual calcified material was washed away with bicarbonate Ringer’s solution.CONCLUSION The bicarbonate dissolution method is a new,simple,and effective treatment for tumoral calcinosis in hemodialysis patients.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Quinapyramine Sulphate with Freund＇s Complete Adjuvant in Wistar Rats Infected with Trypanosoma Congolense

Therapeutic efficacy of QS （quinapyramine sulphate） and FCA （Freund＇s complete adjuvant） combination was studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of QS using FCA in Trypanosorna congolense infection. GrouPs treated with QS and FCA had parasite disappeared in peripheral circulation 2 days pi, relapse was observed one week later. Effect of treatment on rectal temperature shows no significance （p 〈 0.05）, normalization of rectal temperature occurred in QS and FCA treated groups （34.1℃） than untreated （42.8 ℃）, QS （37.4 ℃） and FCA （35.92 ℃） treated groups. Mean body weight was significant （p 〈 0.001） in QS and FCA, QS, and FCA groups. Packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration for untreated groups were lower, but increased in QS, FCA, QS and FCA treated groups, indicating anemia amelioration. White blood cell counted in untreated, QS and FCA treated groups showed no significance （p 〈 0.05）, however, there was leukocytosis due to lymphocytosis in QS and FCA treated group （6.79 × 10^3/μl） compared with untreated and other groups. There was comparative decrease in serum liver enzymes in QS and FCA treated group than other groups. Therefore, QS at lower recommended dose with FCA may enhance efficacy of QS in trypanosomiasis.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells as treatment of adjuvant rheumatoid arthritis in a rat model

AIM:To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord stem cells,both mesenchymal and hematopoietic(CD34+),in the treatment of arthritis.METHODS:Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) and hematopoietic(CD34+) stem cells(HSC) were isolated from human umbilical cord blood obtained from the umbilical cord of healthy pregnant donors undergoing fullterm normal vaginal delivery.MSC,HSC,methotrexate(MTX) and sterile saline were injected intra-articularly into the rat hindpaw with complete freunds adjuvant(CFA) induced arthritis after the onset of disease(day 34),when arthritis had become well established(arthritis score ≥ 2).Arthritic indices were evaluated and the levels of interleukin(IL)-1,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and interferon(IFN)-γ and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in serum were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Animals of all groups were sacrificed 34 d after beginning treatment,except positive control(PC) which was sacrificed at 10,21 and 34 d for microscopic observation of disease progression.We used hematoxylin,eosin and Masson's trichrome stains for histopathological examination of cartilage and synovium.RESULTS:The mean arthritis scores were similar in all groups at 12 and 34 d post immunization,with no statistical significant difference.Upon the injection of stem cells(hematopoietic and mesenchymal),the overall arthritis signs were significantly improved around 21 d after receiving the injection and totally disappeared at day 34 post treatment in MSC group.Mean hindpaw diameter(mm) in the MSC rats was about half that of the PC and MTX groups(P = 0.007 and P = 0.021,respectively) and 0.6 mm less than the HSC group(P = 0.047),as indicated by paw swelling.Associated with these findings,serum levels of TNF-α,IFN-γ and IL-1 decreased significantly in HSC and MSC groups compared to PC and MTX groups(P < 0.05),while the expression of IL-10 was increased.Histopathological examination with H and E stain revealed that the MTX treated group showed significant reduction of leucocytic infiltrate and hypertrophy of the synovial tissue with moderate obliteration of the joint cavity.Stem cells treated groups(both hematopoietic CD34+ and mesenchymal),showed significant reduction in leucocytic infiltrate and hypertrophy of the synovial tissue with mild obliteration of the joint cavity.With Masson's trichrome,stain sections from the PC group showed evidence of vascular edema of almost all vessels within the synovium in nearly all arthritic rats.Vacuoles were also visible in the outer vessel wall.The vessel became hemorrhagic and finally necrotic.In addition,there was extensive fibrosis completely obliterating the joint cavity.The mean color area percentage of collagen in this group was 0.324 ± 0.096,which was significantly increased when compared to the negative control group.The mean color area percentage of collagen in hematopoietic CD34+ and mesenchymal groups was 0.176 ± 0.0137 and 0.174 ± 0.0197 respectively,which showed a marked decrement compared to the PC group,denoting a mild increase in synovial tissue collagen fibers.CONCLUSION:MSC enhance the efficacy of CFAinduced arthritis treatment,most likely through the modulation of the expression of cytokines and amelioration of pathological changes in joints.

The petroleum ether fraction of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. seeds demonstrates antiarthritic effect in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats

Objective:Celastrus paniculatus(CP)Willd.is a plant indigenous to India with medicinal properties.It is used in the ayurvedic treatment of inflammatory ailments such as rheumatoid arthritis.The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the petroleum ether fraction(PCP)obtained from CP seeds on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.Methods:Arthritis was induced in SpragueeDawley rats by immunization with Freund’s complete adjuvant(FCA).Arthritis severity was evaluated by arthritis score,paw volume,tibiotarsal joint thickness,body weight,dorsal flexion pain,motility test,stair climbing ability and index of thymus and spleen.Moreover,histopathology of knee joints supported by haematological analysis was used to assess the anti-arthritic action of PCP.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione(GSH),catalase(CAT),nitric oxide(NO)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in liver were also assessed.Serum samples were collected for estimation of aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP).In addition,cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-a)and interleukin-6(IL-6)were estimated in plasma.Results:PCP significantly alleviated arthritic progression with regards to paw swelling,arthritic score,immune organ indices,hyperalgesic effect and body weight.This phenomenon was correlated with significant suppression of overproduction of inflammatory cytokines(TNFa and IL-6),oxidant stress markers(MDA and NO)and cellular enzyme(AST,ALT and ALP)levels versus arthritic rats without treatment.Moreover,PCP restored the decreased levels of SOD,CAT and GSH.Conclusion:Our results suggest that the anti-arthritic properties of PCP may be due to immunosuppressive effects,cytokine regulation,antioxidant effects and bone-protective activities.

Adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 plus oxaliplatin improves survival of patients with gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy: A multicenter propensity score-matched study

AIM To investigate the safety and efficacy of S-1 plus oxaliplatin(SOX) as an adjuvant chemotherapy regimen in gastric cancer(GC) after D2 dissection.METHODS GC Patients who underwent D2 gastrectomy from September 2009 to December 2011 in four Chinese institutions were enrolled. Patients with stage ⅠB-ⅢC GC, who received adjuvant SOX treatment were matched by propensity scores with those who underwent surgery alone and those who conducted capecitabine plus oxaliplatin(XELOX) regimen. Disease-free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS) were compared among the groups. In addition, adverse events in SOX patients were analyzed.Of 1944 GC patients who underwent D2 dissection, 867 were included for analysis. One hundred and seventeen patients treated with SOX were matched to 234 patients who conducted surgery alone. Fifty-seven patients treated with SOX were matched to 57 patients who received XELOX. The estimated five-year DFS was 57.5% in the adjuvant SOX group which was higher than that(44.6%) in the surgery alone group(P = 0.001); and the estimated five-year OS was 68.3% which was higher than that(45.8%) of surgery alone group(P < 0.001). Survival benefit was also revealed in stage III and > 60 years old subgroups(P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). Compared with XELOX regimen, SOX showed no significant difference in DFS(P = 0.340) and OS(P = 0.361). The most common ≥ 3 grade adverse events of SOX regimen were neutropenia(22.6%), leukopenia(8.9%) and thrombocytopenia(5.6%).CONCLUSION Compared with surgery alone, SOX regimen significantly improves the long-term survival and has acceptable toxicity in patients with stage ⅠB-ⅢC GC after D2 dissection. It may be a novel adjuvant chemotherapy regimen in GC patients.

Recent advances on vaccines against malaria: A review

This review aims to summarize the currently viable vaccine strategies including the approved vaccines and the those in trials for next-generation malaria vaccines.Data on malaria vaccine development was collected through a comprehensive review.The literature search was performed using databases including Google Scholar,PubMed,NIH,and Web of Science.Various novel approaches of vaccination are being developed,including those based on radiation-attenuated strategies,monoclonal antibodies,targeted immunogenic peptides,RNA and DNA vaccines,nanoparticle-based vaccines,protein-based vaccination protocols,and whole organism-based vaccination strategies.Trials on RTS,S have entered phase Ⅲtesting,and those based on blood-stage vaccines and vaccines to interrupt malarial transmission have advanced to higher stages of trials.Mathematical modeling,combined drug and vaccine strategies,mass drug administration,polyvalent vaccine formulations,and targeted vaccination campaigns is playing an important role in malarial prevention.Furthermore,assessing coverage,accessibility,acceptability,deployment,compilation,and adherence to specific vaccination strategies in endemic regions is essential for vaccination drives against malaria.

EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON THE IMMUNOREACTIVITY OF FOCAL CUTANEOUS μ-OPIOID RECEPTOR IMMUNOREACTION-POSITIVE FIBERS IN ADJUVANT ARTHRITIC RATS

Objective：To study the effect of μ-opioid receptor （MOR） expression in the inflammatory skin tissue and the effect of electroacupuncture （EA） on the topical immunoreaction （IR） of MOR positive fibers in adjuvant arthritic （AA） rats. Methods： A total of 48 SD rats were randomized into control （n = 8）, model （n = 10）, focus-side-EA （n = 10）, non-acupoint-EA （n = 10）, and healthy-side-EA （ n = 10） groups. AA model was established by subcutaneous injection of complete Freund＇s adjuvant （CFA, 50 μL） into the left hind paw. EA （4-16 Hz, 0.5-1.5 V） was applied to “Huantiao” （环跳 GB 30） and“Yanglingquan” （阳陵泉 GB 34） on the focus or healthy side and non-acupoints for 30 min. Non-acupoints used were the two sites 5 mm to GB 30 and GB 34 on the healthy side. The topical MOR IR-positive fibers in the dermal and subcutaneous tissues of the focus was stained with immunohistochemical method. The severity of pain was detected by foot （anklejoint）-bending test. Results： Compared with model group, the “foot-bending test” score decreased significantly in focus-side-EA group on the 9^th and 11^th day （P〈 0.05） and in non-acupoint-EA group on the 8^th, 9^th and 11thd after injection of CFA （P 〈 0.05）, indicating that EA of bilateral GB 30 and GB 34 and non-acupoints all can relieve pain. From the 13^th day on, no significant differences were found in “foot-bending test” scores among the 3 EA groups and model group （P 〉0.05）. In comparison with control group, the area values of MOR IR-positive nerve fibers in the focus tissue were significantly higher in 3 EA groups （P 〈 0.05）. The area values of MOR IR-positive nerve fibers in the focus in model group and 3 EA groups were significant higher than that in control group （P〈 0.05）. Compared with model group, the area values of MOR IR-positive fibers in focus-side-EA group and healthy-side-EA group increased significantly （P 〈 0.05）; while those of MOR IR-positive fibers in non-acupoint-EA group and healthy-side-EA group were significantly lower than that in focus-side-EA group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and no significant differences were found among model group, healthy-side-EA group and non-acupoint-EA group in the area of MOR IR-positive fibers （P 〉0.05）, indicating a stronger effect of EA of acupoints on the focus side. Conclusion： EA of GB 30 and GB 34 can relieve inflammatory pain and up-regulate the expression of MOR IR-positive fibers in the focal skin tissues in AA rats, exerting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

机械穿刺结合肿瘤坏死因子α及完全弗氏佐剂构建大鼠椎间盘源性腰痛模型

背景:椎间盘退变是导致下腰痛的重要原因。目前国内外对于椎间盘退变的造模方法众多,但缺乏一个针对椎间盘退变引起下腰痛的模型。目的:对比机械穿刺结合肿瘤坏死因子α+完全弗氏佐剂注射与传统仅机械穿刺下建立的大鼠椎间盘源性腰痛模型的效果。方法:将18只成年SD雄性大鼠,按照随机数字表法分3组,每组6只,空白组不进行任何操作;对照组大鼠L_(4-5)椎间盘建立传统机械穿刺椎间盘退变模型;实验组在机械穿刺基础上,以微量注射器向L_(4-5)椎间盘内注入肿瘤坏死因子α+完全弗氏佐剂建立机械穿刺结合炎症因子诱导的椎间盘退变模型。术后4周,热板法测大鼠痛阈值用于评估椎间盘退变大鼠对热伤害感受;MRI观察各组大鼠椎间盘退变情况;ELISA法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素6、前列腺素E2水平;苏木精-伊红和番红O固绿染色观察椎间盘形态变化。结果与结论:①在疼痛上,与对照组相比,实验组大鼠的行为学痛阈值持续降低,血清学各炎症因子指标显著增高;②在形态上,与对照组相比,实验组大鼠的MRI L_(4-5)髓核信号完全消失;组织病理学染色显示:对照组大鼠髓核完整,可见较多脊索细胞,部分纤维环破裂;实验组大鼠的脊索细胞稀少,髓核与纤维环结构紊乱,边界消失;③结论:大鼠椎间盘机械穿刺结合肿瘤坏死因子α+完全弗氏佐剂注射可成功建立椎间盘源性腰痛模型,该操作方法简单、经济,模型退变及腰痛明显,明显缩短椎间盘退变成模周期,可作为研究椎间盘源性腰痛模型的参考。

佐剂FCA与Quil A对rGST-Sj32的免疫增强作用的比较

目的 比较弗氏完全佐剂 (FCA)与皂素的纯化物 Quil A的免疫增强作用 ,进一步提高重组抗原 r GST- Sj32的免疫效果。 方法 r GST- Sj32 +FCA或 Quil A免疫 NIH小鼠 3次 ,EL ISA法检测抗体水平 ,用减虫率及减卵率表示保护效果。 结果 与 PBS对照组比较 ,r GST- Sj32 +FCA免疫小鼠减虫率为 42 .9% ,每克肝卵 (L EPG)减少率 5 1.0 % ,每雌肝卵 (L EPF)减少率为 2 3.9% ,抗体滴度达 1∶ 2 5 6 0 0。r GST- Sj32 +Quil A免疫小鼠减虫率为 46 .0 % ,L EPG减少率39.4% ,L EPF减少率为 8.5 % ,抗体滴度达 1∶ 5 12 0 0。 结论 FCA和 Quil A均可增强 r GST- Sj32免疫小鼠的抗感染保护性免疫力 ;FCA亦可增强 r GST- Sj32诱导小鼠抗生殖免疫 ,Quil A无增强抗生殖免疫的作用。

两种佐剂对日本血吸虫重组抗原SjGST-Sj32保护效果的影响

目的比较弗氏完全佐剂（FCA）与单磷脂A（MPL）的免疫增强作用，为提高重组SjGST-Sj32（SjGST-Sj32）的疫苗效果提供依据。方法SjGST-Sj32加弗氏完全佐剂（SjGST-Sj32＋FCA）或单磷脂A（SjGST-Sj32＋MPL）免疫小鼠3次，ELISA法检测抗体水平，用减虫率及减卵率表示保护性作用。结果与PBS对照组相比，SjGST-Sj32加FCA或MPL，免疫BALBC／c小鼠减虫率分别为48．8％（P＜0．01）和44．1％（P＜0．01）；每克肝卵（LEPG）减少率分别为59．4％（P＜0．01）和46．2％（P＜0．01）；SjGST-Sj32＋FCA组抗体滴度达1：204800（P＜0．05），而SjGST-Sj32＋MPL组抗体滴度为1：51200（P＜0．05）。结论FCA和MPL均可以增强对SjGST-Sj32免疫小鼠的抗感染保护性免疫力；FCA也可增强SjGST-Sj32诱导小鼠抗生殖免疫，而MPL似不具明显增强SjGST-Sj32的抗生殖免疫作用。佐剂MPL在提高免疫小鼠体液免疫应答方面稍逊于经典佐剂FCA。

活化剂HYP协同rSjc26GST的抗血吸虫性肉芽肿的效果及其机制的研究

目的探讨活化剂HYP协同rSjc26GST的抗肝内血吸虫卵肉芽肿病变的效果及机制。方法采用活化剂HYP联用rSjc26GST、福氏佐剂(FCA)联用rSjc26GST、单用HYP和单用福氏佐剂分别免疫BALB/c小鼠,末次免疫后1周,免疫和对照组小鼠均用日本血吸虫尾蚴攻击感染,7周后测定其免疫效应,观察其抗血吸虫卵肉芽肿病变的效果。结果活化剂HYP联用rSjc26GST组的总虫卵数和成熟虫卵数减少率分别为55.37%和54.31%,均显著高于FCA联用rSjc26GST组的30.3096和38.07%;该两组肝内虫卵肉芽肿的直径及面积分别下降36.86%和35.25%及62.59%和60.44%;两组IgG和IgG1水平均明显升高。结论活化剂HYP协同rSjc26GST比FCA具有更好的抗肝内血吸虫卵肉芽肿病变的效果,其机制与体液免疫(IgG和IgG1)的增强密切相关。

二妙散不同配伍比例干预Wistar大鼠佐剂性关节炎的实验研究

目的:观察不同配伍比例二妙散对大鼠佐剂性关节炎(adjuvant arthritis,AA)模型血清IL-1、IL-4、IL-8、TNF-α的影响,探讨二妙散治疗类风湿关节炎的机制。方法:将90只雌性大鼠随机分为9组,分别是空白组、模型组、对照组、苍术∶黄柏1∶1组(简称苍黄1∶1)、苍术∶黄柏1∶2组(苍黄1∶2)、苍术∶黄柏2∶1组(苍黄2∶1)、苍术组、黄柏组、苍术黄柏单提混合组。除空白组外,其他各组以完全弗氏佐剂造模后,观察不同配伍二妙散对AA足关节病理形态改变和血清中IL-1、IL-4、IL-8、INF-a的影响。结果:不同配伍二妙散对大鼠关节肿胀程度均有抑制作用,苍黄1:1组效果优于雷公藤多苷组(P<0.05),同时各配伍比例二妙散均对炎性细胞因子有抑制作用,苍黄1∶1组效果优于雷公藤多苷组(P<0.05)。结论:苍术黄柏1∶1配伍比例能有效抑制大鼠关节肿胀程度,对IL-1、IL-8、TNF-α有抑制作用,对IL-4有升高作用,其效果优于其他配伍比例。

CpG寡核苷酸的筛选及其对rSj28GST的免疫佐剂作用

目的 研究 Cp G寡核苷酸 (Cp G ODN)对日本血吸虫重组 2 8k Da GST(r Sj2 8GST)抗原分子的免疫佐剂作用和诱导 Th1型反应的效应。方法 用淋巴细胞增殖试验筛选对鼠有良好免疫刺激作用的 Cp G ODN;用基因工程方法生产 r Sj2 8GST抗原分子 ;EL ISA检测小鼠抗 r Sj2 8GST的同型抗体 Ig G1 、Ig G2 a水平。结果 筛选出的 Cp G ODN如 182 6、2 0 0 2、182 6 4、2 10 2等具有良好的免疫刺激活性 ,其 SI>2 ;纯化的 r Sj2 8GST抗原分子 ,呈单一电泳条带 ;以 Cp G ODN为 r Sj2 8GST免疫佐剂 ,其免疫小鼠产生的抗体滴度显著高于对照组 ,且同型抗体 Ig G2 a与 Ig G1 比值也明显升高。结论 Cp G ODN182 6 4是一种良好的免疫佐剂 ,并可显著诱导

胃癌术后多西他赛联合顺铂序贯S-1方案辅助化疗的疗效观察

目的探讨胃癌术后ⅢB~ⅢC期患者应用多西他赛联合顺铂6个周期后序贯S-1方案辅助化疗的临床疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析2011年4月至2012年10月胃癌D2根治术后ⅢB~ⅢC期患者32例,术后4周开始接受辅助化疗。具体方案为:多西他赛75 mg/m^2静滴,d1;顺铂25 mg/m^2静滴,d1~d3,21天为1周期,化疗6个周期;序贯S-1 80mg/m^2,分两次口服,d1~d14,21天为1周期,口服至术后1年。观察全组患者的3年生存率、3年无复发生存率及不良反应。结果所有患者均按计划完成化疗。术后1、2、3年生存率分别为90.6%、81.2%、65.0%,1、2、3年无复发生存率分别为90.6%、81.2%、50.4%。术后辅助化疗的疗效与病理分期无关(P>0.05),而与淋巴结转移数目有关,淋巴结转移数目≤3枚者的3年生存率优于>3枚者(78.6%vs.54.2%,P<0.05)。化疗不良反应包括骨髓抑制、消化道反应及脱发等,以1~2级为主。结论对于有高危因素的胃癌术后患者给予多西他赛联合顺铂方案化疗6个周期后序贯S-1单药口服至术后1年的辅助化疗,术后生存率及无复发率相对较高,且安全性良好,是安全有效的术后辅助化疗方案。

完全弗氏佐剂致炎性痛大鼠脊髓背角Fos蛋白的表达

目的：探讨完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）所致炎性痛大鼠Fos蛋白在脊髓背角痛觉传导通路中的表达及意义。方法：64只SD大鼠随机均分为两组，于右后肢踝关节外侧皮下分别注射0.9％生理盐水（NS）或CFA50μl，每组取8只观察注射前后热缩足反射潜伏期（TWL）的变化；余48只以免疫组化法检测脊髓背角Fos蛋白表达。结果：大鼠注射CFA后TWL逐渐降低，并在12h时达最低点（下降62％），持续3d后缓慢上升，14d时基本恢复至基础水平；NS组脊髓背角Fos蛋白散在表达，而CFA组中1h后Fos蛋白最先在大鼠右侧脊髓背角Ⅰ～Ⅱ层表达（P〈0.01），4h时Ⅴ～Ⅵ层蛋白表达逐渐增多（P〈0.01），12h时脊髓全层蛋白表达最多，至14d时背角各层少见Fos蛋白。结论：50μl CFA能诱导大鼠产生为期2周的炎性痛病程。炎症期间脊髓背角Fos蛋白的持续表达与外周痛觉信号的传导和中枢的调控有关。

Lewis大鼠实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎动物模型的建立及百日咳疫苗的影响

目的建立可靠的Lewis大鼠实验性过敏性脑脊髓炎(experimental allergic encephalomyelitis,EAE)动物模型;方法采用Lewis大鼠脚垫皮下注射豚鼠全脊髓匀浆(spinal cords homogenate of guinea pigs,GPSCH)和含有卡介苗(bacille calmetteguerin,BCG)10mg/ml的完全福氏佐剂(complete Freund's adjuvant,CFA)诱导EAE,从临床症状评分、光镜、电镜下病理学改变对模型进行评价。结果Lewis大鼠EAE的发病率为9/10,潜伏期为12.6±1.01天。百日咳疫苗(bordetella pertussis vaccine,BPV)可提高EAE的发病率,缩短EAE的潜伏期(P<0.05),加重其临床症状和病理改变(P<0.05)。结论GPSCH和CFA免疫Lewis大鼠建立的EAE是成功可靠的;BPV对EAE有显著的促发作用,可诱导形成超急性EAE。

The Prevention and Treatment of Polysaccharide from the Rhizomorph of Armillaria mellea on Diabetic Cataract in Rat

[Objective] To investigate the prevention and control effect of polysaccharide from the rhizomorph of Armillaria mellea by distilled water elution （AMP-1） on diabetic cataract in rats.[Methods] Streptozotocin （STZ）,combined with freund＇s adjuvant （CFA）,was used to induce diabetic cataract in rat,to observe the onset of lenticular turbidity by slit lamp and compare the turbid degree of eyes lens among different groups.The super oxide dismutase （SOD）,glutathione peroxidase （GSH-px） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum and eyes lens were measured by colorimetric method.[Results] The slit lamp examination results showed that AMP-1 obviously delayed the onset of diabetic cataract and reduced turbid degree of eyes lens.Compared with model group,AMP-1 at various doses should significantly reduce the level of MDA ascended in serum of rats.Medium-and high-dose groups could increase the levels of SOD and GSH-Px in serum,and the dose of AMP-1 was closely related to the effect.[Conclusion] AMP-1 played a prominent role in prevention and treatment of diabetic cataract in rats.

弗氏佐剂致炎大鼠脊髓背角Fos神经元的表达

目的探讨完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)致炎性痛大鼠Fos神经元(Fos-LIN)在脊髓背角痛觉传导通路中的表达及意义。方法①16只SD大鼠随机均分为两组,于右后肢踝关节外侧皮下分别注射0.9%生理盐水(NS)或CFA50μl,观察注射前后大鼠热缩足反射潜伏期TWL的变化;②48只大鼠随机平分为两组后分别注射NS和CFA(剂量和注射部位同前)以免疫组化法检测脊髓背角Fos-LIN表达。结果①大鼠注射CFA后TWL逐渐降低,12h时为最低点,持续3d后逐渐恢复,14d时基本恢复至基础水平;②NS组脊髓背角Fos-LIN散在出现,而CFA组中Fos-LIN1h时最先出现在大鼠右侧脊髓背角I-II层,4h时出现在V-VI层的数目逐渐增多,12h时为脊髓全层出现最多,至14d时在背角各层少见,且同组左侧脊髓各层Fos-LIN在1h-14d均比较少见。结论50μlCFA能诱导大鼠产生为期2周的炎性痛觉过敏。炎症期间脊髓背角Fos神经元的持续表达与外周痛觉信号的传导和中枢的调控有关。

Progresses of studies on acupuncture and pain signals transduction mechanisms in complete Freund's adjuvant arthritis

Advances of studies on the acupuncture and pain signal transduction mechanisms in complete Freud＇s adjuvant arthritis are reviewed from the three aspects, the first messenger of modulating pain signals and the related receptors, the second messenger of modulating pain signals and other factors possibly involved in modulation of pain signal transduction, etc. It is held that modulation of acupuncture for pain signals is a comprehensive course involved in multi-channels, multi-levels, multi-links, and in future, acupuncture analgesic mechanisms for Freud＇s adjuvant arthritis will be more deeply studied by use of more new techniques and new methods.

福氏完全佐剂包裹白细胞介素2和肿瘤坏死因子对小鼠S180肿瘤的抑制作用

本文报道一种新的免疫治疗方法。用福氏完全佐剂（Ｆｒｅｕｎｄ＇ｓ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅ ａｄｊｕｖｅｎｔ，ＦＣＡ）包裹白细胞介素２（ｌｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ ２，ＩＬ－２）及／或肿瘤坏死因子（Ｔｕｍｏｒ Ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ Ｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＴＮＦ）作了抗Ｓ１８Ｏ肉瘤的体内抗瘤实验。结果表明：ＩＬ－２及／或ＴＮＦ经佐剂包裹后，可明显减轻其毒副作用，并显著提高ＩＬ－２及／或ＴＮＦ的抗瘤作用。