Strong spin frustration and magnetism in kagoméantiferromagnets LnCu_(3)(OH)_(6)Br_(3)(Ln=Nd,Sm,and Eu)

To study the effects of lanthanide ions on the geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets and their magnetic properties,we grew high-quality single crystals of LnCu_(3)(OH)_(6)Br_(3)(Ln=Nd,Sm,and Eu)by hydrothermal method and studied their crystal structures and magnetic properties.The refinements of the crystal structure referred to the powder x-ray diffraction data show that LnCu_(3)(OH)_(6)Br_(3)adopt a Kapellasite-type layer structure,which is isostructural to their chlorine analogue.Magnetic susceptibilities demonstrate that LnCu_(3)(OH)_(6)Br_(3)have strong antiferromagnetic coupling and a pronounced magnetic frustration effect.Magnetization measurements indicate canted antiferromagnetic ordering of Cu^(2+)ions around 16 K within the kagoméplane and weak ferromagnetic coupling.Moreover,shoulder-like anomalies in specific heat around 16 K could be a signature of emergent of magnetic ordering.The low-temperature negative magnetization and specific heat of LnCu_(3)(OH)_(6)Br_(3)(Ln=Nd,Sm,and Eu)indicate that Ln^(3+)ions induce more exotic magnetic ground state properties.

Effects of Doping on the Magnetic Properties and Frustration of Hexagonal YMn0.9A0.1O3（A=Al,Fe,and Cu）

The doping effects on the frustration and the magnetic properties in hexagonal compounds ot YMn0.9A0.1O3 （A=A1, Fe and Cu） are investigated. Experimental results indicate that both the non-magnetic and magnetic ion dopants lead to the increase of magnetic moments and the decrease of the absolute value of Curie-Weiss temperature （｜θcw｜）- Compared with pure YMnOa, the geometrical frustration of YMn0.9 A0. 1O3 is greatly suppressed and the magnetic coupling in that exhibits dopant-dependent. In addition, for the doped YMno.gAo.103, the antiferromagnetic transition temperature （TN） is also suppressed slightly, which shows an abnormal dilution effect and it may be ascribed to the reduction of frustration due to the chemical substitution.

Spin frustration and magnetic ordering in triangular lattice antiferromagnet Ca_3CoNb_2O_9

We synthesized a quasi-two-dimensional distorted triangular lattice antiferromagnet Ca3CoNb2O9, in which the effective spin of Co2＋is 1/2 at low temperatures, whose magnetic properties were studied by dc susceptibility and magnetization techniques. The x-ray diffraction confirms the quality of our powder samples. The large Weiss constant θCW --55 K and the low Neel temperature TN- 1.45 K give a frustration factor f =｜ θCW/TN｜≈ 38, suggesting that Ca3 Co Nb2O9resides in strong frustration regime. Slightly below TN, deviation between the susceptibility data under zero-field cooling（ZFC）and field cooling（FC） is observed. A new magnetic state with 1/3 of the saturate magnetization Ms is suggested in the magnetization curve at 0.46 K. Our study indicates that Ca3 Co Nb2O9is an interesting material to investigate magnetism in triangular lattice antiferromagnets with weak anisotropy.

Morphine attenuates frustration-like behavior induced by sucrose reward deprivation in rats

In this study, a T-maze-based frustration model in rats was established using sucrose-reward deprivation, The results revealed that rats maintained a 75% preference for the sucrose-reward arm in the reward phase. During the sucrose-deprivation frustration phase, both the preference for the sucrose-deprivation arm （62.5%） and time spent waiting in the sucrose-deprivation arm decreased. Acute injection of morphine increased the preference in a dose-dependent fashion, and prolonged the waiting duration in the sucrose-deprivation arm. These findings indicate that morphine specifically inhibited the frustration response induced by sucrose reward deprivation. To further elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms involved, the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone was given to model rats prior to the injection of morphine. The results revealed that naloxone administration markedly attenuated the anti-frustration-like effects of 3 mg/kg morphine treatment. These findings suggest that morphine attenuates the frustration-like response to reward deprivation in rats through the opioid receptor.

Frustration and intermediate dimerized phase in spin ladder system

This paper studies a spin ladder model which possesses frustrating interactions. By using both the bosonization and the density matrix renormalization group techniques, it shows that the intermediate columnar dimerized phase, which exists in a narrow parameter region of the so-called ~/1 - J2 model, vanishes if the interchain frustration is weak and anisotropic. Therefore, it concludes that the frustrating interaction indeed plays an important role in producing such a phase. As a complementary to our previous investigation, it reaches a more complete picture of the quantum phase transition in the frustrated spin ladder systems.

Frustration recognition from speech during game interaction using wide residual networks

Background Although frustration is a common emotional reaction while playing games,an excessive level of frustration can negatively impact a user's experience,discouraging them from further game interactions.The automatic detection of frustration can enable the development of adaptive systems that can adapt a game to a user's specific needs through real-time difficulty adjustment,thereby optimizing the player's experience and guaranteeing game success.To this end,we present a speech-based approach for the automatic detection of frustration during game interactions,a specific task that remains under explored in research.Method The experiments were performed on the Multimodal Game Frustration Database(MGFD),an audiovisual dataset-collected within the Wizard-of-Oz framework-that is specially tailored to investigate verbal and facial expressions of frustration during game interactions.We explored the performance of a variety of acoustic feature sets,including Mel-Spectrograms,Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(MFCCs),and the low-dimensional knowledge-based acoustic feature set eGeMAPS.Because of the continual improvements in speech recognition tasks achieved by the use of convolutional neural networks(CNNs),unlike the MGFD baseline,which is based on the Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)architecture and Support Vector Machine(SVM)classifier-in the present work,we consider typical CNNs,including ResNet,VGG,and AlexNet.Furthermore,given the unresolved debate on the suitability of shallow and deep networks,we also examine the performance of two of the latest deep CNNs:WideResNet and EfficientNet.Results Our best result,achieved with WideResNet and Mel-Spectrogram features,increases the system performance from 58.8%unweighted average recall(UAR)to 93.1%UAR for speech-based automatic frustration recognition.

Effects of frustration on explosive synchronization

In this study, we consider the emergence of explosive synchronization in scale-free networks by considering the Kuramoto model of coupled phase oscillators. The natural frequencies of oscillators are assumed to be correlated with their degrees and frustration is included in the system. This assumption can enhance or delay the explosive transition to synchronization. Interestingly, a de-synchronization phenomenon occurs and the type of phase transition is also changed. Furthermore, we provide an analytical treatment based on a star graph, which resembles that obtained in scale-free networks. Finally, a self-consistent approach is implemented to study the de-synchronization regime. Our findings have important implications for controlling synchronization in complex networks because frustration is a controllable parameter in experiments and a discontinuous abrupt phase transition is always dangerous in engineering in the real world.

Control the Self-assembly of Block Copolymers by Tailoring the Packing Frustration

The concept of"packing frustration"has been used to understand the self-assembly behaviors of block copolymers for decades.However,rare attention has been paid to tailoring the packing frustration.This account provides a review of our recent endeavor of controlling the self-assembly of block copolymers via tailoring the packing frustration.The basic idea is to release the packing frustration of chains through the local segregation between different blocks of the same component filing different spaces of near and far.Two different majority blocks are designed to release their packing frustration in the matrix.In particular,this effect of released packing frustration has been successfullycombined with other effectss such as the stretched bridging block to stabilize many unusual low.coordinated phases.We have also proposed to release the packing frustration of minority blocks within the interface curva-ture by designing the architectures of minority blocks.The effect of released packing frustration of minority blocks is aplied to drastically expand the region of spherical phases and thus to obtain significant regions of complex Frank Kasper phases.In brief,the self.assembly of block copolymers can be largely contrlled by tailoring the packing frustration of blocks,even leading to the formation of many unusual ordered phases.

Frustration考

一、自我保护冲动和性冲动:在Freud的著作中用德语词Versagung。词根versagen Versagen vi不顶事(物作主语)不起作用vt不同意;拒绝委身于;不准备为….效力;versagungn失灵在英文翻译中把Versagung译为Frustration(受挫)。

From Frustration To Admiration

Many times, my Chinese col- leagues, students and friends have told me how fortunate they are and how much they have ben- efited from me. Not so. I’m theone who has benefited by teaching English inChina. I have met many people and mademany friends. I

从弗洛伊德、克菜因到拉康理论中的Frustration概念考证

在人格结构的基础模型中，母亲亲性的欲望支撑着人格结构的复制，其中Frustration这个概念作为连接实在界和符号界的枢纽，一直没有得到精神分析界广泛的注意，本文着重从时间的发展上，从理论和临在床的角度考证了这个基础的概念。

Revealing the Circadian Rhythm of Taliang Crocodile Newt(Liangshantriton taliangensis) During Breeding Migration Using a Novel Monitoring Technique

Many animals migrate during the breeding season.It is important to study the patterns of breeding migration of wild animals,especially rare and endangered species.However,current data acquisition methods are too coarse and imprecise for investigating the circadian rhythms of migrations in amphibians.Based on the frustrated total reflection image(FTRI),we developed a new device and recorded the precise migration time of an endangered salamander,Liangshantriton taliangensis.During the breeding period,a total of 33 individuals were effectively recorded.Analysis of the data indicated that the circadian rhythm of breeding migration in L.taliangensis was bimodal,and migration mainly occurred from 05:00 to 13:00(81.82%of the total migration records).The average relative activity intensity index(RAI)of breeding migration peaked in the temperature range of 14.0–16.0°C.With increased average relative air humidity,the activity intensity first increased and then decreased,reaching a peak in the humidity range of 91.0%–97.0%.These results demonstrate that our new device is a viable and accurate method for recording the migration time of target species.It is important to reveal the breeding migration pattern of L.taliangensis,which is important for the conservation of this species.Meanwhile,this new device can be used for field monitoring and conservation studies of amphibians,reptiles and other animals.

梯形Frustrated伊辛模型的低温热力学性质

导出了梯形Ｆｒｕｓｔｒａｔｅｄ伊辛模型配分函数的叠代公式，研究了三种模型的低温热力学性质，发现当温度趋于零时，其热力学函数在某些参数值发生尖锐的变化，详细分析了三种模型在不同参数范围内的基态构形。

广义Fibonacci准周期Frustrated伊辛链的热力学特性

本文应用叠代法分别求出了两种广义 Fibonacci 准周期伊辛链的配分函数。研究了它们的低温热力学性质,发现当温度超于零时,其热力学函数在某些参数值发生尖锐的变化。详细分析了零温时两种系统在不同参数范围内的基态构形,解释了系统出现奇异性的原因。

Exchange coupling and helical spin order in the triangular lattice antiferromagnet CuCrO_2 using first principles

The magnetic and electronic properties of the geometrically frustrated triangular antiferromagnet CuCrO2 are investigated by first principles through density functional theory calculations within the generalized gradient approxi- mations （GGA）＋U scheme. The spin exchange interactions up to the third nearest neighbours in the ab plane as well as the coupling between adjacent layers are calculated to examine the magnetism and spin frustration. It is found that CuCrO2 has a natural two-dimensional characteristic of the magnetic interaction. Using Monte Carlo simulation, we obtain the Neel temperature to be 29.9 K, which accords well with the experimental value of 24 K. Based on non- collinear magnetic structure calculations, we verify that the incommensurate spiral-spin structure with （110） spiral plane is believable for the magnetic ground state, which is consistent with the experimental observations. Due to intra-layer geometric spin frustration, parallel helical-spin chains arise along the a, b, or a＋ b directions, each with a screw-rotation angle of about I20°. Our calculations of the density of states show that the spin frustration plays an important role in the change of d-p hybridization, while the spin-orbit coupling has a very limited influence on the electronic structure.

Pain acceptance in cancer patients with chronic pain in Hunan, China:A qualitative study

Objective: The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the experiences of pain acceptance in Chinese cancer patients with chronic pain.Methods: Twelve hospitalized cancer patients with chronic pain participated in this qualitative descriptive study from August to November 2017.In-person semi-structured interviews were conducted,recorded,transcribed,and analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.Results: The following four main themes and 15 subthemes emerged.Theme 1 (adaptation): pain is overwhelming and pain relief is a top priority,avoidance of pain-inducing factors,and resignation;theme 2 (emotional reactions to pain): feeling misunderstood,hopelessness,frustration,irritability,and concern for loved ones;theme 3 (functional limitations): daily life activities,social communication,and work;theme 4 (coping strategies): pharmacological therapies,behavioral strategies,social support strategies,and spiritual strategies.Conclusions: This study provides a description of cancer patients' experiences related to the need for pain acceptance.These findings provide insight into the essential role of pain acceptance and underline the need to apply acceptance-based cognitive behavioral interventions as adjunctive non-pharmacological alternatives for chronic cancer pain.

Modeling of a Cubic Antiferromagnetic Cuprate Super-Cage

Convex polyhedral cuprate clusters are being formed through lateral frustration when the a and c lattice parameters of the tetragonal ACuO2 infinite layer structure will become identical by substitution of a large cation (A = Ba2+). However, the corner-shared CuO2 plaquettes of the infinite network suffer a topotactic rearrangement forming edge-connected units, for instance Cu18O24 cages (polyhedron notation [4641238]) with 2 compound (space group P4/ nmm) will be discussed. The possibility to construct a cuprate super-cage with m3m symmetry (polyhedron notation [4641242438]) is being reported. This super-cage still consists of edge-connected CuO2 plaquettes when fully decorated with copper ions, but with different curvatures, arranged in circles of 9.39 ? of diameter with 139.2° Cu-O-Cu antiferromagnetic super-exchange interaction. On the one hand, the realization of such a quite stable cuprate super-cage as a candidate for high-Tc superconductivity depends on whether a template of suitable size such as the cation or C(CH3)4 enables its formation, and on the other hand the cage can further be stabilized by highly charged cations located along the [111] direction. Synthesis options will be proposed based on suggested cage formation pathways. An X-ray powder pattern was calculated for a less dense cluster structure of Im3m space group with a lattice parameter of a = 14.938 ? and two formula units of Cu46O51 to facilitate future identification. Characteristic X-ray scattering features as identification tool were obtained when the electron distribution of the hollow polyhedron was approximated with electron density in a spherical shell.

Synthesis of large FeSe superconductor crystals via ion release/introduction and property characterization

Large superconducting Fe Se crystals of（001） orientation have been prepared via a hydrothermal ion release/introduction route for the first time. The hydrothermally derived Fe Se crystals are up to 10 mm×5 mm×0.3 mm in dimension. The pure tetragonal FeSe phase has been confirmed by x-ray diffraction（XRD） and the composition determined by both inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy（ICP-AES） and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy（EDX）. The superconducting transition of the Fe Se samples has been characterized by magnetic and transport measurements. The zero-temperature upper critical field H（c2） is calculated to be 13.2–16.7 T from a two-band model. The normal-state cooperative paramagnetism is found to be predominated by strong spin frustrations below the characteristic temperature T（sn）, where the Ising spin nematicity has been discerned in the FeSe superconductor crystals as reported elsewhere.

Hubbard model on an anisotropic checkerboard lattice at finite temperatures: Magnetic and metal–insulator transitions

We study magnetic and Mott transitions of the Hubbard model on the geometrically frustrated anisotropic checkerboard lattice at half filling using cellular dynamical mean-field theory. Phase diagrams over a wide area of the parameter space are obtained by varying the interparticle interaction strength, geometric frustration strength, and temperature. Our results show that frustration and thermal fluctuations play a competing role against the interactions and in general favor a metallic phase without antiferromagnetic order. Due to their interplay, the system exhibits competition between antiferromagnetic insulator, antiferromagnetic metal, paramagnetic insulator, and paramagnetic metal phases in the intermediateinteraction regime. In the strong-interaction limit, which reduces to the Heisenberg model, our result is consistent with previous studies.

Dynamical signatures of the one-dimensional deconfined quantum critical point

We study the critical scaling and dynamical signatures of fractionalized excitations at two different deconfined quantum critical points(DQCPs)in an S=1/2 spin chain using the time evolution of infinite matrix product states.The scaling of the correlation functions and the dispersion of the conserved current correlations explicitly show the emergence of enhanced continuous symmetries at these DQCPs.The dynamical structure factors in several different channels reveal the development of deconfined fractionalized excitations at the DQCPs.Furthermore,we find an effective spin-charge separation at the DQCP between the ferromagnetic(FM)and valence bond solid(VBS)phases,and identify two continua associated with different types of fractionalized excitations at the DQCP between the X-direction and Z-direction FM phases.Our findings not only provide direct evidence for the DQCP in one dimension but also shed light on exploring the DQCP in higher dimensions.