Effects of high-quality neurosurgical nursing care on improving clinical nursing quality

BACKGROUND With continuous advancements in medical technology,neurosurgical nursing is constantly developing and improving to provide higher-quality nursing services.AIM To explore the effects of different types of high-quality nursing care on clinical nursing quality and patient satisfaction in neurosurgical nursing.METHODS Eighty patients who received neurosurgical treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June to December 2020 were selected as study participants and categorised into study and control groups.The study group comprised 40 patients who received 4 different types of high-quality nursing care,whereas the control group comprised 40 patients who received conventional nursing care.After a specific period,nursing satisfaction levels and adverse event and complication rates were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Satisfaction with high-quality care was higher than that with conventional care,and high-quality health services and regional services showed the highest satisfaction levels,with an average score of 12 on the Glasgow scale.The satisfaction levels of the study and control groups were 75%and 57%,respectively,with a statistically significant difference(t=7.314,P<0.05).During the nursing period,the adverse event and complication rates were the highest in patients with level III pathology grade and those who underwent neurosurgery(40.02%and 85.93%,respectively),and the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION In neurosurgical nursing,employing appropriate high-quality nursing methods can effectively reduce adverse event and complication rates in patients,thereby improving the quality of nursing care and increasing clinical nursing value.

基于CARES工具课题达成型品管圈构建晚期肿瘤患者安宁疗护全流程照护模式

目的基于CARES工具的课题达成型品管圈构建晚期肿瘤患者安宁疗护全流程照护模式。方法以新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院安宁疗护团队为主导的品管圈小组确定了“基于CARES工具构建晚期肿瘤患者安宁疗护全流程照护模式”的活动主题,按照课题达成型品管圈操作步骤,在现况调查基础上从人员、制度、流程等方面对晚期肿瘤患者安宁疗护全流程照护模式进行构建。结果活动实施后,初步构建了晚期肿瘤患者安宁疗护全流程照护模式,晚期癌症患者疼痛控制有效率由90.54%提升至98.52%,呼吸困难改善率由60.53%提升至87.10%,谵妄状态改善率由21%提升至55.66%,晚期癌症患者照护者中重度负担水平由72%降至46.15%,ACP的普及率由10%提升至25.74%。圈员在专业知识、积极性、品管手法和团队凝聚力的能力均有所提高。结论基于CARES工具应用课题达成型品管圈构建晚期肿瘤患者安宁疗护全流程照护模式为患者及其照护者提供了有效的支持,同时促进了安宁疗护工作推广和进步。

The Process of Compliance with Self-Care among Patients with Hypertension: A Grounded Theory Study

Introduction: Controlling hypertension across world continues to be challenging. Managing hypertension is not only concerned with lowering blood pressure by using antihypertensive medications;it also aims to minimize its consequences through adopting self-care practices. Compliance with self-care practices among patients with hypertension is considered a multidimensional phenomenon. The phenomenon of hypertension has been studied quantitatively, however;little qualitative studies were conducted to understand the compliance with self-care among patients with hypertension. Aim: To understand the process that patients with hypertension go through to comply with self-care practices. Methods: This study used a qualitative design that followed constructivist grounded theory approach;purposive sampling was used to recruit participants from cardiac clinics;semi structured, in-depth and face-to-face interview was used as a major method for data collection. Findings: Four participants with hypertension participated in this study;the phenomena of self-care was identified as the central phenomena;the start of the disease was identified as a casual condition;beliefs toward hypertension disease, beliefs toward self-care practices, knowledge and awareness regarding hypertension disease and self-care practices were identified as strategies;experiencing self-care practices was identified as consequence and being patients with hypertension in a social context. Conclusions: The process of compliance with self-care has a path of actions and interactions. The process started from the moment of diagnosis where the patients start to think about self-care. The absence of health care context leads to varying level of compliance with self-care among patients with hypertension. This indicated the need for more effective patient and health care provider relationship, education and awareness campaign.

Effect of Emergency Care Process Optimization on Rescue Efficiency of Emergency Patients

Objective: This paper discusses the impact of emergency care process optimization on the rescue efficiency of emergency patients. Methods: 102 cases of emergency patients received from January 2017 to February 2018 in our hospital were selected as research objects. According to the order of treatment, they were divided into control group and observation group. The routine nursing process was given to the control group, and the observation group was given an optimized nursing process to compare the rescue efficiency and nursing satisfaction of the two groups. Results: According to the results of the study, the nursing satisfaction of the two groups was compared. Among them, the total satisfaction of the observation group was 49, accounting for 96.07%;the control group was very satisfied with the nursing work, accounting for 82.35%. There was a significant difference in nursing satisfaction between the two groups, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Comparing the rescue efficiency of the two groups of patients, the observation time, rescue time, infusion time and disease remission time were significantly lower than the control group, the rescue success rate was 94.11%, and the rescue success rate of the control group was 78.43%. The results have statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The optimization of emergency nursing process can greatly improve the rescue efficiency of emergency patients, reduce the disability rate and mortality, improve the quality of nursing, and enhance the satisfaction of nursing. It is worthy of clinical promotion practice.

Study on the Effect of High-quality Nursing Combined with Breathing Exercises on Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Objective:To study the effect of high-quality nursing combined with breathing exercises on patients with COPD.Methods:Using the random number table method of medical experiments,60 patients with COPD received in our hospital from March 2020 to March 2021 were used as research samples.According to the differences in treatment measures,they were equally divided into control group and intervention group.Symptomatic support treatment and nursing routine,high-quality nursing combined with respiratory function exercise treatment and nursing were given respectively,and the application effects of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:The controllable rate of disease between the intervention group and the control group was 93.33%(28/30)and 66.67%(20/30)respectively,which was statistically significant(P<0.05).The comparison between the intervention group and the control group on the pulmonary function indexes of VT,TPTEF/Te,VEF/Te/,Ti/Te was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of the intervention group on exercise pulse and 6-minute walking distance were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions:The combination of high-quality nursing care and breathing exercises has outstanding disease controllable rate in patients with COPD,especially in improving the lung function of the patients and the level of treatment and care.It can be used as a feasible measure in the subsequent clinical treatment and nursing practice of patients.It is worthy of clinical promotion and implementation.

Design of Pharmaceutical Care Process for Retail Pharmacies Based on Pareto Analysis

Objective To study the problems of pharmaceutical care in retail pharmacies and provide reference for the standardized development of pharmaceutical care in China.Methods Based on the literature of CNKI database,Pareto analysis was used to study the present situation of pharmaceutical care in retail pharmacies.Then the following problems in pharmaceutical care were found such as low personnel professional quality,inadequate attention,imperfect laws and regulations,and lack of standard service process.As to the first three problems,there were more research references.But there was less literature on the standard care process.Results and Conclusion Focusing on the customer demand,taking drug sales process as the basic framework of pharmaceutical care standardized process,and combining with the collaboration,the service process including prescription drugs review and OTC drugs purchase consultation is established.This process elaborates the division of staff services as well as the service standards in pre-sale,on-sale,and after-sale stages.Besides,it also puts forward some advice for the previous three problems,which will ensure the smooth implementation of pharmaceutical care in drugstores.

Effect of High-Quality Nursing on Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

Objective:To explore and analyze the effect of high-quality nursing on patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.Methods:Ninety patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome treated in Huyi District People’s Hospital from October 2021 to January 2022 were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 45 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing and the experimental group received high-quality nursing.The effect of routine nursing and high-quality nursing were compared and analyzed based on the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),the degree of satisfaction with nursing care,and the patients’quality of life.Results:Before nursing,there was no significant difference in the patients’psychological state between the two groups(P>0.05);after nursing,there was significant difference in the patients’psychological state between the two groups(P<0.05);the degree of satisfaction with nursing care of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);comparing the quality of life of the two groups,the quality-of-life score of the control group was significantly lower than that of the experimental group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,high-quality nursing can significantly and effectively improve their psychological state,level of satisfaction with nursing care,and quality of life.

食用醋粉的制备工艺、营养成分及保健作用研究进展

综述了食用醋粉的制备工艺、营养成分和保健作用,并对其未来发展进行了展望,以期为食用醋粉的综合利用提供参考。

“临床营养”团体标准在提高神经重症患者肠内营养治疗全流程管理达标率中的应用

目的提高神经重症患者肠内营养治疗全流程管理达标率。方法对照中国医院协会中国《医院质量安全管理》“第2-29部分患者服务临床营养”团体标准中肠内营养标准条款,对神经创伤重症科住院患者肠内营养治疗全流程管理达标情况进行调查,通过现状调查、原因解析,制订针对性方策,从组建肠内营养治疗全流程管理“医-护-营-康”多学科团队、构建基于“知-信-行”理论的肠内营养治疗培训闭环管理模式、建立以肠内营养治疗数据精准分析为基础的质量改进体系3方面予以改进。结果科室肠内营养治疗全流程管理达标率由改善前33.9%上升至改善后62.5%。结论开展“临床营养”团体标准实践可有效提高神经重症患者肠内营养治疗全流程管理达标率,规范肠内营养治疗操作流程,减少并发症,保障患者安全。

婴幼儿头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤防护方案的构建与应用

目的降低视频脑电图监测婴幼儿头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤。方法采用历史对照设计,将2018年1月至2019年12月入住癫痫监测单元行头皮视频脑电图监测的患儿856例纳入对照组,实施常规皮肤护理;将2021年1月至2022年12月入住癫痫监测单元行头皮视频脑电图监测的患儿851例纳入观察组,构建和实施医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤防护方案。比较两组头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率。结果观察组头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论婴幼儿头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤防护方案的应用,可有效降低婴幼儿头皮医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率。

医养服务机构质量评价指标体系的构建与初步应用

目的以“结构-过程-结果”理论为框架,构建医养服务机构质量评价指标体系并初步应用。方法基于文献研究、小组讨论、德尔菲法及层次分析法,确定评价指标体系和各指标权重。应用该指标体系在长沙市3家医养服务机构进行现场评价。结果共进行2轮函询,专家权威系数分别为0.915和0.927,协调系数分别为0.211和0.164,最终确定一级指标3个,二级指标13个,三级指标53个。评价指标体系的Cronbach'sα系数为0.786,平均内容效度指数为0.862。在3家医养服务机构进行的预调查效果较好。结论医养服务机构质量评价指标体系信度、效度较好。构建的指标科学、合理、实用性强,能有效评价医养服务机构质量并发现问题。

学前教育结构特征与过程质量关系的实证研究述评

当前我国学前教育正处于数量发展转向质量提高的关键节点,通过改善结构质量可以提高过程质量,进而推动学前教育高质量发展。梳理近30年国内外有关学前教育结构特征与过程质量关系的实证研究成果可以发现:学前教育质量评价与改进制度有助于提高过程质量;机构环境中的机构规模与类型、物质环境与材料、组织氛围与管理质量、工作条件等变量均对过程质量有显著预测作用;班级环境中的班级规模与师幼比、班级结构等变量有较强预测作用;教师的受教育水平、在职培训、个体特征等能够影响过程质量。我国学前教育结构特征与过程质量关系研究应进一步拓宽广度,丰富结构特征的研究内容;拓展深度,实施跨区域的追踪性研究,为学前教育政策制定提供循证依据。

PowerPICC导管全程集束化护理管理在神经外科重症监护病房中的应用

目的探讨PowerPICC全程集束化护理管理在神经外科重症监护病房中的应用效果。方法选取2021年8月—2022年11月医院收治的神经外科重症监护病房的住院患者120例为研究对象,根据组间基本资料具有可比性的原则将患者分为对照组65例和观察组55例。对照组患者接受常规护理;观察组患者接受PowerPICC导管全程集束化护理管理。干预结束后,对比两组患者的穿刺次数、一次性穿刺到位率、一次性置管成功率、导管留置时间、治疗过程中不良事件(导管堵塞、机械性静脉炎、导管相关性血流感染、非计划性拔管)发生率、患者出院时对护理服务、环境设施、住院舒适的满意度评分以及综合满意度评分。结果观察组患者的平均穿刺次数低于对照组,一次性穿刺到位率、一次性置管成功率、导管留置时间均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者对护理服务、环境设施、住院舒适的满意度以及综合满意度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间观察组患者的不良事件(导管堵塞、机械性静脉炎、导管相关性血流感染、非计划性拔管)与对照组比较组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论PowerPICC全程集束化护理管理能够提高一次性成功置管率,延长导管留置时间,提升了患者对医疗服务的满意度。

全程优质护理干预在致命性出血患者中的应用

目的 探讨全程优质护理干预在致命性出血患者救治中的应用效果。方法 以2018年1月至2020年1月湖南省人民医院致命性出血的196例患者为对照组,2020年2月至2022年2月致命性出血的200例患者为观察组。对照组实施传统的护理干预,观察组实施基于MEWS评分、SBAR交接模式、医护同组责任制管理等的全程优质护理干预。比较两组患者的并发症发生率、病死率、入住ICU总时长、医疗护理服务质量(包括护理不良事件发生率和患者护理满意度)。结果 观察组的并发症发生率、致死率、不良事件发生率以及入住ICU总时长均低于对照组(P<0.05)。患者护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 实施基于MEWS评分、SBAR交接模式、医护同组责任制管理等的全程优质护理干预能显著提高致命性出血患者救治成功率,降低其不良事件的发生率,改善愈后,提升患者对护理工作的满意度。

国家医保接口环境下门诊先诊疗后结算系统的改造及应用

目的 实现门诊患者在国家医保接口环境下的先诊疗后结算系统的改造和应用。方法 基于对医院现有业务流程和接口功能的分析,结合市域级信用体系,对医院信息系统(Hospital Information System,HIS)前台的挂号和结算环节分别调用市域级信用体系的注册和销号接口,实现一次挂号一次结算。配合HIS后台存储的患者状态进行院内流程优化,从而实现先诊疗后结算。结果 实现了在国家医保接口环境下医院门诊患者先诊疗后结算业务流程的重塑,采用先诊疗后结算模式的患者就诊时平均排队次数减少0.52次,平均等候时长缩短6.84 min。结论 通过对HIS的改造,简化了门诊患者就诊流程,并通过引入市域级信用体系保证了市域范围内费用的有效控制,对降低门诊患者在院滞留时间有积极意义,对于国家医保环境下医院门诊优化流程有借鉴意义。

全程化药学服务对晚期肺癌免疫治疗患者的影响

目的:探讨全程化药学服务对晚期肺癌免疫治疗患者的影响。方法:选取2022年3月—2023年3月于白银市第一人民医院行免疫治疗的晚期肺癌患者83例作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为常规组(n=41)和观察组(n=42)。常规组实施临床药师常规指导,观察组实施全程化药学服务。比较两组患者用药依从性、临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果:干预后,两组Morisky用药依从性量表评分均升高,且观察组高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。两组客观缓解率及疾病控制率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组3~4级不良反应发生率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.038);两组1~2级不良反应发生率及总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:应用全程化药学服务可提高晚期肺癌免疫治疗患者的用药依从性,降低患者3~4级不良反应发生率。

手术室全程优质护理模式在胸腔镜食管癌根治术中的应用效果及对并发症的影响

目的探究在胸腔镜食管癌根治术中应用手术室全程优质护理模式的效果及对并发症的影响。方法选取2021年6月~2023年6月于本院接受胸腔镜食管癌根治术治疗的患者88例,根据护理方案进行分组,对照组48例患者实施手术室常规护理方案,观察组40例患者实施手术室全程优质护理方案。比较两组的手术相关指标、应激指标、心理状态以及并发症发生情况。结果干预前两组患者各项指标之间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组手术时间、术中出血量、拔管时间、住院时间、SAS、SDS评分、并发症总发生率均明显较对照组低(P<0.05);两组患者心率、舒张压、收缩压水平均有所升高,但观察组较对照组低(P<0.05)。结论在胸腔镜食管癌根治术中应用手术室全程优质护理模式,可明显改善EC患者的手术相关指标及心理状态,有效降低患者术后应激反应,显著减少并发症发生,值得临床推广。

基层全科医生岗位胜任力评价指标体系的构建研究

背景分级诊疗制度是深化医药卫生体制改革、建立中国特色基本医疗卫生制度的重要内容。基层医疗卫生机构是分级诊疗服务体系的必要组成部分,承担居民健康“守门人”的职责。全科医生作为基层医疗卫生机构的核心人才要素,其岗位胜任力直接影响医疗机构的服务能力。目的构建基层全科医生岗位胜任力评价指标体系,为基层医疗卫生机构开展全科医生岗位胜任力评价提供依据。方法于2022年9—12月,通过德尔菲专家咨询法对13位行业专家进行咨询;运用层次分析法与熵值法确认指标权重。结果本研究通过两轮德尔菲专家咨询对指标体系进行优化筛排,最终构建了由5个一级指标、27个二级指标组成的基层全科医生岗位胜任力评价指标体系。通过层次分析法结合熵值法明确各级指标权重,其中基本公共卫生服务能力指标权重最高,为核心指标。指标体系通过小样本信效度检测,均处于可接受水平。结论初步构建了基层全科医生岗位胜任力评价指标体系,有助于基层医疗卫生机构选贤任能,为评价基层全科医生岗位胜任力评价提供参考依据。

数字化治疗依从性技术在肺结核患者服药管理中的应用效果评价

目的:评价数字化治疗依从性技术(digital treatment adherence technologies, DAT)的实施效果,以进一步提高新疆维吾尔自治区(以下简称“新疆”)昌吉州结核病患者治疗及服务管理质量。方法:采取回顾性研究方法,从中国疾病预防控制中心“结核病管理信息系统”和“易督导”网站中导出2021年1月1日至2023年3月31日登记现住址为“新疆维吾尔自治区昌吉州5县2市”且完成治疗疗程的活动性肺结核患者相关临床资料。根据患者管理方式,将2021年1月1日至12月31日登记为肺结核但未使用“易督导”管理系统的403例患者纳入传统方式管理组(传统组),将2022年1月1日至2023年3月31日登记为肺结核且使用“易督导”管理系统的313例患者纳入DAT管理组(DAT组),DAT使用率为89.68%(313/349),再根据使用电子工具的不同将DAT组分为电子药盒管理组[药盒组;81例(25.88%)]和微信公众号管理组[微信组;232例(74.12%)]。分析传统组和DAT组患者人口学特征、服药依从性及治疗效果,以及DAT组使用DAT的情况及不同地区的管理情况。结果:微信组在≥60岁年龄组[30.60%(71/232)]和农牧民[40.95%(95/232)]的占比均明显低于药盒组[77.78%(63/81)和76.54%(62/81)],差异均有统计学意义(χ2=54.780,P=0.000;χ2=32.666,P=0.000)。传统组总体服药率[97.78%(99 053/101 299)]和规则服药率[96.03%(387/403)]均优于DAT组[分别为93.23%(62 601/67 146)和85.62%(268/313)],药盒组总体服药率[95.89%(15 808/16 486)]优于微信组[92.37%(46 793/50 660)],差异均有统计学意义(χ2=2162.210、24.481、244.306,P值均=0.000),但微信组规则服药率[84.48%(196/232)]与药盒组[88.89%(72/81)]差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.947,P=0.331)。DAT组的治疗成功率[95.85%(300/313)]、第2/3个月末查痰率[99.36%(311/313)]和痰菌阴转率[98.76%(159/161)]与传统组[分别为94.29%(380/403)、98.26%(396/403)和97.83%(271/277)]的差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.891,P=0.345;χ2=0.941,P=0.332;χ2=0.106,P=0.744),但微信组治疗成功率[98.28%(228/232)]高于药盒组[88.89%(72/81)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.036,P=0.001)。DAT组不同地区规则服药率介于61.22%(30/49)~97.30%(36/37),差异有统计学意义(χ2=39.320,P=0.000)。结论:新疆昌吉州各县(市)接受使用DAT管理的肺结核患者比例较高,且以接受微信公众号管理为主,可更准确地反映患者服药情况,管理效果也与传统管理方式一致。应针对不同县市、不同管理方式、不同年龄、不同职业人群制定不同的DAT管理措施,以提高规则服药率,并逐步在新疆地区推广应用。

全程优质护理对肺癌手术患者疼痛程度、生活质量的影响

目的探究全程优质护理对肺癌手术患者疼痛程度、生活质量的影响。方法选取2022年3月~2022年11月于本院接受肺癌手术治疗的患者76例,根据护理方案进行分组,采用常规护理方案的42例病人为对照组,采用全程优质护理方案的34例病人为观察组。比较两组的舒适度、疼痛程度、生活质量以及并发症发生率。结果干预前两组各指标差异比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,相较于对照组,观察组舒适度各维度评分、生活质量各维度评分均显著增加(P<0.05);NRS评分、并发症总发生率均显著降低(P<0.05)。结论全程优质护理应用于肺癌手术患者中,可明显改善患者的舒适度和生活质量,有效缓解疼痛程度,同时并发症发生率较低,值得广泛应用于临床。