Oxygen Penetration Through Full-Thickness Skin by Oxygen-Releasing Sutures for Skin Graft Transplantation

The transplantation of full-thickness skin grafts(FTSGs)is important for reconstructing skin barrier and promoting wound healing.Sufficient oxygen supply is closely related to the success of skin grafting.However,full-thickness oxygen delivery is limited by the poor oxygen permeability of skin.Oxygen-releasing sutures(O_(2)sutures)were developed to facilitate oxygen penetration through full-thickness skin.The O_(2)sutures delivered 100 times more oxygen than topical gaseous oxygen therapy at a 15 mm depth in the skin model.Under extreme hypoxia(<0.5%O_(2),v/v),O_(2)sutures could also promote endothelial cell proliferation.After the transplantation of FTSGs in mice,O_(2)sutures accelerated blood re-perfusion and increased the survival area of the skin graft.It is expected that O_(2)sutures will be adopted in clinical applications to increase the success rate of full-thickness skin transplantation.

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on 32 cases of full-thickness skin grafting for the repair of defects on the hand and foot

Full-thickness skin grafting is one of the most commonly used repair methods for skin defects. It has the advantage of wear-resistant with less scar hyperplasia and less difficult to operate with no symptoms. Hyperbaric oxygen was used in this study after full-thickness skin grafting from September 2012 to August 2016 to achieve the best effect of skin survival after surgery.

Correction of Scar Contracture Deformity of Dorsal Hand by Invisible Full-thickness Mesh Skin Graft

Objective To investigate the effect of invisible full-thickness mesh skin graft in the treatment of scar contracture deformity of the dorsal hand.Methods From January 2016 to February 2019,25 patients with cicatricial contracture deformity of dorsal hand admitted to our hospital underwent full thickness skin graft.During the operation,the scar healed completely and the superficial fascia remained intact.The wound surface was transplanted with invisible mesh full thickness skin graft.The survival of the skin graft and the recovery of hand function and appearance in the later period were observed after the operation.Results The skin grafts of 20 patients survived with high quality,3 cases had partial epidermis exfoliation,and 2 cases had partial epidermis scattered in blisters.After intensive dressing change,all wounds healed and no complications occurred after the operation.The hand function and appearance of the patients were obviously improved.Conclusion The application of full thickness skin graft to correct scar deformity has the advantages of good functional and appearance recovery and difficult postoperative contracture.Invisible full-thickness mesh skin graft is one of the ideal methods to correct scar contracture deformity of the dorsal hand.

Utilizing Free Skin Grafts in the Repair of Surgical Wounds

The use of free grafts to close defects in wounds following surgery has long been utilized in dermatology practice. However, because of the low survival of the grafts, their popularity has dwindled over recent years. The use of techniques such as attaching an “umbilical cord” from the base of the grafts to the underlying deep fascia or cartilage has markedly increased graft survival. In this paper, the scope of free grafts is presented, showing survival of even large grafts if anchored to the deep tissue with multiple “umbilical cord” attachments. The advantages of full-thickness free skin grafts include the ability to close the wound immediately following removal of the tumor, with decreased risk of infection and pain, requiring fewer dressing changes and visits. The technique of close stitching, with interrupted sutures 1 - 2 mm apart, prevents contact of the wound with oxygen from the air, resulting in increased graft survival from revascularization of the free graft. With the added use of extra-strength curcumin gel, perfect regeneration may be achieved. In addition, in most free grafts, it was observed that there was recovery of sensation due to presumed nerve regeneration.

Double Chondrocutaneous Composite Free Graft in Nasal Reconstruction. Report of a Case and Technique Description

Full thickness skin grafts and composite grafts are a workhorse in reconstructive surgery of nose and ear defects whether they are originated from trauma, cancer surgery or burns. The reliability of these grafts has been proved with an established clinical use and morbidity to the donor site is minimal if harvesting and donor site selection if appropriate. Use of double or multiple grafts to reconstruct a complex defect of the nose has not been described and our report is meaningful for the fact that it describes a further use of the surgical concept of grafting.

Application of vacuum sealing drainage in skin graft of calf pedicle island flap donor-site

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of vacuum sealing drainage on free dermatoplasty in the donor-site of calf pedicled island flap. Method: From January 2016 to January 2018, a total of 70 patients undergoing reconstruction of skin and soft tissue defects in ankles and legs with calf pedicle island flap in Foshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were selected into our research. Selected patients were divided into VSD group and pressure dressing group according to the order of surgery. The VSD group was treated with free skin grafting and vacuum sealing drainage after separation of donor-site flap. The pressure dressing group was treated with free skin grafting and traditional pressure dressing technology after the separation of donor-site flap. Visual acuity simulation scores (VAS) were observed and recorded on the 1st, 7th, and 14th day after surgery. The unpacking time, skin graft healing time, skin graft survival rate, infection rate and incidence of subcutaneous hematoma were compared between the two groups. Results: The VAS scores on the 7th and 14th day after surgery in the VSD group were lower than those in the pressure dressing group. The unpacking time and skin graft healing time of the VSD group were shorter than those of the pressure dressing group. The survival rate of skin graft in VSD group was higher than that in the pressure dressing group. The infection rate and the incidence of subcutaneous hematoma in the VSD group were lower than those in the pressure dressing group. Conclusion: Vacuum sealing drainage is beneficial to promote the healing of free skin grafts in the donor site of the calf pedicle island flap, relieve pain, reduce adverse reactions, safe and effective, and worthy of clinical promotion.

One-step approach for full-thickness skin defect reconstruction in rats using minced split-thickness skin grafts with Pelnac overlay

Background:Split-thickness skin grafting is the current gold standard for the treatment of traumatic skin loss.However,for patients with extensive burns,split-thickness skin grafting is limited by donor skin availability.Grafting split-thickness skin minced into micrografts increases the expansion ratio but may reduce wound repair quality.Dermal substitutes such as Pelnac can enhance the healing of full-thickness skin wounds,but their application currently requires two surgeries.The present study investigated whether it is possible to repair full-thickness skin defects and improve wound healing quality in a single surgery using Pelnac as an overlay of minced split-thickness skin grafts in a rat model.Methods:A full-thickness skin defect model was established using male Sprague-Dawley rats of 10 weeks old.The animals were randomly divided into control and experimental groups in which Vaseline gauze and Pelnac,respectively,were overlaid on minced split-thickness skin grafts to repair the defects.Wound healing rate and quality were compared between the two groups.For better illustration of the quality of wound healing,some results were compared with those obtained for normal skin of rats.Results:We found that using Pelnac as an overlay for minced split-thickness skin grafts accelerated wound closure and stimulated cell proliferation and tissue angiogenesis.In addition,this approach enhanced collagen synthesis and increased the formation of basement membrane and dermis as well as the expression of growth factors related to wound healing while reducing scar formation.Conclusions:Using minced split-thickness skin grafts overlaid with Pelnac enables the reconstruction of fullthickness skin defects in a single step and can increase the healing rate while improving the quality of wound healing.

Study on Different Types of Skin Flap Transplantation to Repair Forefoot Damaged Injury

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of different types of skin flap transplantation in repairing forefoot lesion.Methods From January 2016 to June 2019,62 patients with forefoot damage were selected and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.All the selected patients received skin flap transplantation and repair,of which 26 patients received free myocutaneous flap transplantation and repair,and were treated as group A.The other 36 patients underwent retrograde foot flap transplantation and repair.They were taken as group B,and the clinical treatment methods and curative effects were summarized.Results Among the 26 patients in group A,the skin flaps of 21 patients survived completely,while those of the other 5 patients showed partial necrosis at the edge of the skin flaps.They were treated with free skin grafting and healed after regular dressing change.All the skin flaps survived.Follow-up for at least 6 months showed that 11 patients had mild claudication and skin flap sensation was slightly poor.Among the 36 patients in group B,only 2 cases suffered from distal partial necrosis after the operation,which was caused by large tension after dorsum pedis flap transplantation.After systematic treatment and regular dressing change by doctors,the flaps of 2 patients healed.In addition,venous reflux disorder occurred in 3 patients with medial saphenous nerve nutrient vessel flap of the foot,which was related to swelling factors.The flaps of other patients survived,healed well and did not show infection symptoms.Conclusion According to the actual condition of patients with forefoot damage,the flap repair method is formulated,which has good short-term and long-term therapeutic effects and plays an important role in repairing forefoot damage.

Skin grafting the vascular pedicle: a useful technique to avoid microvascular collapse in free tissue transfer for limb salvage

Aim:Free tissue transfer is essential for extremity reconstruction following traumatic injuries,oncologic resection,and diabetic complications.However,given the circumferential shape of the arm and leg,a small amount of ongoing edema can prevent a tension-free closure.Additionally,intraoperative thrombosis,vascular disease can lead to proximal exposure of the pedicle or vein grafts.This study evaluates the outcomes of microvascular transfers that utilized a skin graft for closure over the pedicle,in comparison with a matched cohort with a tension-free primary closure.Methods:A retrospective review was completed of all patients that underwent free flap reconstruction of an extremity defect from January 2014 to December 2017 at a single academic institution.Flaps that utilized skin grafting for closure were compared to those closed primarily.Adjunct operative procedures,demographics,and complications were evaluated.Results:A total of 71 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria.The 11 flaps in 10 patients underwent skin grafting over the pedicle.The two cohorts were comparable in age,gender,BMI,and co-morbidities,excluding renal disease which was present in 40%(n=4)of skin grafted group compared to 6.5%(n=4)in the primary closure group.Flap area,operative time,and anastomosis technique were comparable between the two groups.There was no significant difference in the rates of post-operative complications including partial flap loss,complete flap loss,infection.Mean follow up time in the skin grafting group was 14.2 months and 20.2 months for the primary closure group. ;Conclusion:As per the principal,a tension-free closure is paramount to preventing tissue complications including direct compression of a microvascular pedicle.However,with ongoing tissue edema skin grafting should be considered as a reliable technique to ensure both protection of the pedicle as well as prevention of direct compression without additional complications and comparable post-operative outcomes.

封闭式负压引流联合游离植皮方案对四肢恶性黑色素创面患者疗效及疼痛的影响

目的探讨封闭式负压引流(VSD)联合游离植皮方案对四肢恶性黑色素创面患者疗效及疼痛的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2022年7月赣州市肿瘤医院接诊的70例四肢恶性黑色素创面患者作为研究对象,按照随机抽签法分为对照组与观察组,每组35例。对照组采用手术扩大切除术+一期游离皮片移植治疗,观察组采用VSD联合游离植皮术治疗,比较两组临床疗效、数字疼痛分级法(NRS)评分、病情恢复情况及并发症发生率。结果观察组治疗总有效率为94.29%,高于对照组的77.14%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗24 h、3 d后,两组NRS评分均低于前一时间点,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组疼痛缓解时间、创面愈合时间、住院时间均短于对照组,换药次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为5.71%,低于对照组的25.71%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论VSD联合游离植皮方案治疗四肢恶性黑色素创面的整体效果较好,利于减轻患者创面疼痛症状,加速创面愈合,减少换药次数,缩短住院时间,且安全性较高。

游离植皮联合创口可调节负压治疗技术修复慢性创面的效果分析

目的:分析游离植皮联合创口可调节负压治疗技术修复慢性创面的效果。方法:选取2015年1月—2022年12月邯郸邯钢医院收治的80例慢性创面患者作为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组采用传统植皮加压包扎治疗,观察组采用游离植皮联合创口可调节负压治疗。比较两组治疗效果。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。观察组换药次数、每周抗生素使用频率低于对照组,创口愈合时间早于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。治疗后,两组视觉模拟评分法评分低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:游离植皮联合创口可调节负压治疗修复慢性创面的效果较好,可减少患者换药次数及抗生素使用频率,缓解疼痛,缩短伤口愈合时间和住院时间。

信息共享平台在下肢皮肤软组织缺损行游离皮瓣移植修复患者中的应用研究

目的探究信息共享平台在下肢皮肤软组织缺损行游离皮瓣移植修复患者中的应用价值。方法随机选取郑州市骨科医院下肢一科在2021年8月-2023年7月期间住院治疗的80例患者为例,按护理方式不同分为对照组(n=40)和研究组(n=40),对照组常规护理,研究组在此基础上实施信息共享平台干预,观察比较患者术后第1d、术后2周两组患者焦虑、并发症、出院准备度改善情况。结果入院当天,两组GAD-7比较(P>0.05)。术后2周,两组GAD-7评分较入院当天降低,研究组低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);入院当天,两组RHDS评分比较(P>0.05)。术后2周,两组RHDS评分较入院当天升高,研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论下肢皮肤软组织缺损行游离皮瓣移植修复患者围手术期实施信息共享平台干预,助于缓解患者焦虑,降低术后并发症,提高患者出院准备度。

四肢难治性感染创面患者实施封闭式负压引流术联合游离植皮及皮瓣移植术的效果

目的 观察封闭式负压引流术、游离植皮以及皮瓣移植术联合方案应用于四肢难治性感染创面患者的有效性。方法 选取2022年1—12月本院收治的70例四肢难治性感染创面患者为研究对象,并将患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组35例。对照组采用常规疗法,观察组采用封闭式负压引流术、游离植皮以及皮瓣移植术的联合疗法,对比两组在炎症水平、疼痛程度、临床相关指标恢复情况、治疗效果以及并发症发生情况方面的差异。结果 与对照组相比,观察组治疗后的炎症相关指标均较低,疼痛(NRS)程度较轻,临床相关指标恢复情况较佳,治疗总有效率较高,且治疗后并发症发生率较低(P<0.05)。结论 四肢难治性感染创面患者在封闭式负压引流术、游离植皮联合皮瓣移植术的综合方案治疗下,病灶部位炎症及疼痛感得以大幅度减轻,治疗后恢复情况较佳,且并发症的发生风险较低,安全性高,疗效显著。

Devine术加游离皮片移植治疗包皮缺损型隐匿性阴茎

目的:探讨采用Devine矫形术加游离皮片移植治疗包皮缺损型隐匿性阴茎的疗效。方法:本组7例,年龄6～15岁,平均8.6岁。其中6例为误行包皮环切术的隐匿性阴茎患儿,1例为初次治疗患儿。采用De-vine矫形术切除无弹性肉膜层纤维使阴茎延长,发现包皮缺损2～4 cm,用切皮器于股内侧切取相应宽度的长方形中厚皮片。将游离皮片紧贴阴茎白膜包裹阴茎体缝合,包扎固定。结果:本组手术时间70～120 min,平均92.5 min。术后外露阴茎较术前延长2～4 cm。随访半年,阴茎外形美观,勃起功能正常。结论:Devine矫形术加股内侧游离皮片移植是一种治疗包皮缺损型隐匿性阴茎的好方法。

腕部掌侧带血供皮瓣游离移植修复手指皮肤缺损的应用解剖研究

目的介绍腕部掌侧皮肤带血供游离移植修复手指皮肤缺损的应用解剖学基础。方法解剖观测20例成人尸体上肢标本,2例标本做带骨骼动脉铸型,18例标本做肱动脉乳胶灌注。在手术显微镜下进行解剖,观测腕部掌侧皮肤的营养动脉、回流静脉、神经支配来源、其内的掌长肌腱。结果腕部掌侧皮肤主要由桡动脉掌浅支分支营养,静脉回流有深浅两种途径,神经支配以正中神经掌皮支为主,桡神经浅支为辅,游离移植可切取面积为2cm×4cm^2 cm×5cm[2cm×(4.42±0.58)cm]。桡动脉掌浅支起始处直径为(1.25±0.24)mm,与指动脉直径相仿。结论传统的腕部掌侧供皮区皮肤可以形成以桡动脉掌浅支为蒂的复合组织皮瓣游离移植修复手指的皮肤缺损。

扩张皮瓣联合游离植皮在局部晚期乳腺癌手术中的应用

目的探讨扩张皮瓣联合游离植皮修复局部晚期乳腺癌手术后巨大软组织缺损的应用价值。方法对11例局部晚期乳腺癌行4个疗程化疗,化疗前先以亚甲蓝在肿瘤的体表轮廓纹身标记,并在患侧乳房下方腹壁皮下埋植扩张器,化疗期间逐渐注水扩张皮瓣,在完成乳腺癌改良根治术后即时取出水囊,利用扩张皮瓣和下腹壁游离皮瓣修复胸壁巨大软组织缺损。结果化疗过程顺利,11例患者皮瓣扩张良好,手术顺利,扩张皮瓣及游离植皮有效覆盖手术创面并实现Ⅰ期愈合,患者放疗耐受性好,短期随访未发现肿瘤胸壁复发。结论应用邻近扩张皮瓣联合游离植皮修复乳癌术后胸壁巨大软组织缺损的效果良好。

定形次全厚皮片修复烧创伤创面的美学观察

目的：研究烧创伤皮肤缺损的新式皮片移植技术。方法：选择12例复杂的烧创伤皮肤缺损患者，早期作创面康复治疗，创面恢复活力后作定形次全厚皮片移植术。结果：12个定形皮片中10个皮片完全成活。有2个皮片有点状皮片坏死，自然愈合。术后3～23个月随访10例，各修复部位皮片缝合口瘢痕不明显，表面平坦，外观优良。结论：定形次全厚皮片移植是一种获得烧创伤创面美容修复的理想方法。

依创面定形厚断层皮片在全手背瘢痕整复中的应用

目的:研究皮肤移植重建手背的理想整形方法。方法:选择38例41只手背瘢痕。在局部肿胀麻醉下全层切除手背瘢痕并作关节畸形复位。用布片制作与创面相同形状和大小的取皮模板,以此制作定形厚断层皮片,植至手背创面。结果:41个定形皮片中36个皮片完全成活,术后6￣28个月随访28例31只手,手外形及功能良好,皮片色泽接近正常皮肤,无环形瘢痕形成。5个皮片有点状皮片坏死,后期随访结果也较好。所有病例未发生明显的环形瘢痕。结论:定形厚断层皮片移植是手背瘢痕整形的理想方法。

VSD联合游离皮片植皮治疗糖尿病足感染的应用效果研究

目的：评价VSD（vacuum sealing drainage）封闭负压引流技术联合自体游离皮片植皮对于糖尿病足感染创面的治疗效果。方法：入选糖尿病足创面感染患者88例,43例给予传统治疗,45例患者给予一期局部清创、VSD治疗、二期植皮,即在常规抗感染、改善循环、换药及外科清创的基础上,给予VSD封闭负压引流,待感染创面有肉芽覆盖时,根据感染创面的大小、部位,从自体取刃厚或薄中厚皮片,采用邮票状植皮或打包法植皮,用无菌纱布并加压包扎,保证移植皮片与创面肉芽组织紧密接触。结果：45例试验组患者,39例植皮后全部皮片成活,6例部分皮片为成活,经过无菌换药及补植后,创面愈合。平均住院时间（22±5）d。出院后随访78例,1例电话更换联系不上。随访时间3个月～24个月,平均13个月。其中2例患者发生溃疡复发,余42患者能独立或借助助行器、拐杖站立、行走。结论：VSD联合游离皮片植皮是治疗糖尿病足感染创面的有效方法,值得临床应用推广。

扩张皮片游离移植后远期生物力学特性的研究

目的测定游离移植的扩张皮片的生物力学特性,减少供皮区的创伤。方法4只体重为20kg的猪的背侧,对称设计4个术区,实验分为正常皮片组(A组),扩张皮片未移植组(B组),正常皮片游离移植3个月组(C组),经扩张再游离移植3个月组(D组)。每个术区取两个皮肤试件,分别在Instron材料试验机上进行离体应力-应变,应力松弛,蠕变等生物力学测定,并进行对比研究。结果游离移植的扩张皮片远期生物力学指标与游离移植的未扩张皮片十分接近,经统计学分析无显著差异。结论扩张对游离移植皮片远期生物力学特性无显著破坏,可代替未扩张皮片进行大面积体表缺损修复。