Degradable magnesium alloy suture promotes fibrocartilaginous interface regeneration in a rat rotator cuff transosseous repair model

Despite transosseous rotator cuff tear repair using sutures is widely accepted for tendon-bone fixation,the fibrocartilaginous enthesis regeneration is still hardly achieved with the traditional sutures.In the present work,degradable magnesium(Mg)alloy wire was applied to suture supraspinatus tendon in a rat acute rotator cuff tear model with Vicryl Plus 4±0 absorbable suture as control.The shoulder joint humerus-supraspinatus tendon complex specimens were retrieved at 4,8,and 12 weeks after operation.The Mg alloy suture groups showed better biomechanical properties in terms of ultimate load to failure.Gross observation showed that hyperplastic response of the scar tissue at the tendon-bone interface is progressively alleviated over time in the both Mg alloy suture and Vicryl suture groups.In the histological analysis,for Mg alloy suture groups,chondrocytes appear to proliferate at 4 weeks postoperatively,and the tendon-bone interface showed an orderly structural transition zone at 8 weeks postoperatively.The collagenous fiber tended to be aligned and the tendon-bone interlocking structures apparently formed,where transitional structure from unmineralized fibrocartilage to mineralized fibrocartilage was closer to the native fibrocartilaginous enthesis.In vivo degradation of the magnesium alloy wire was completed within 12 weeks.The results indicated that Mg alloy wire was promising as degradable suture with the potential to promotes fibrocartilaginous interface regeneration in rotator cuff repair.

Rotator cuff repair with an interposition polypropylene mesh:A biomechanical ovine study

BACKGROUND Chronic large to massive rotator cuff tears are difficult to treat and re-tears are common even after surgical repair.We propose using a synthetic polypropylene mesh to increase the tensile strength of rotator cuff repairs.We hypothesize that using a polypropylene mesh to bridge the repair of large rotator cuff tears will increase the ultimate failure load of the repair.AIM To investigate the mechanical properties of rotator cuff tears repaired with a polypropylene interposition graft in an ovine ex-vivo model.METHODS A 20 mm length of infraspinatus tendon was resected from fifteen fresh sheep shoulders to simulate a large tear.We used a polypropylene mesh as an interposition graft between the ends of the tendon for repair.In seven specimens,the mesh was secured to remnant tendon by continuous stitching while mattress stitches were used for eight specimens.Five specimens with an intact tendon were tested.The specimens underwent cyclic loading to determine the ultimate failure load and gap formation.RESULTS The mean gap formation after 3000 cycles was 1.67 mm in the continuous group,and 4.16 mm in the mattress group(P=0.001).The mean ultimate failure load was significantly higher at 549.2 N in the continuous group,426.4 N in the mattress group and 370 N in the intact group(P=0.003).CONCLUSION The use of a polypropylene mesh is biomechanically suitable as an interposition graft for large irreparable rotator cuff tears.

Long head of biceps tendon transposition for massive and irreparable rotator cuff tears:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Superior capsular reconstruction(SCR)with long head of biceps tendon(LHBT)transposition was developed to massive and irreparable rotator cuff tears(MIRCTs);however,the outcomes of this technique remain unclear.AIM To perform a systematic review of biomechanical outcomes and a meta-analysis of clinical outcomes after LHBT transposition for MIRCTs.METHODS We performed a systematic electronic database search on PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library.Studies of SCR with LHBT transposition were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Biomechanical studies were assessed for main results and conclusions.Included clinical studies were evaluated for quality of methodology.Data including study characteristics,cohort demographics,and outcomes were extracted.A meta-analysis was conducted of the clinical outcomes.RESULTS According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of six biomechanical studies were identified and reported an overall improvement in subacromial contact pressures and prevention of superior humeral migration without limiting range of motion(ROM)after LHBT transposition for MIRCTs.A total of five clinical studies were included in the meta-analysis of LHBT transposition outcomes,consisting of 253 patients.The results indicated that compared to other surgical methods for MIRCTs,LHBT transposition had advantages of more significant improvement in ROM(forward flexion mean difference[MD]=6.54,95%confidence interval[CI]:3.07-10.01;external rotation[MD=5.15,95%CI:1.59-8.17];the acromiohumeral distance[AHD][MD=0.90,95%CI:0.21-1.59])and reducing retear rate(odds ratio=0.27,95%CI:0.15-0.48).No significant difference in American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score,visual analogue scale score,and University of California at Los Angles score was demonstrated between these two groups for MIRCTs.CONCLUSION In general,SCR with LHBT transposition was a reliable and economical technique for treating MIRCTs,both in terms of biomechanical and clinical outcomes,with comparable clinical outcomes,improved ROM,AHD,and reduced the retear rates compared to conventional SCR and other established techniques.More high-quality randomized controlled studies on the long-term outcomes of SCR with LHBT transposition are required to further assess.

Factors affecting healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair

Rotator cuff repair has been shown to have good longterm results. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of repairs still fail to heal. Many factors, both patient and surgeon related, can influence healing after repair. Older age, larger tear size, worse muscle quality, greater muscle-tendon unit retraction, smoking, osteoporosis, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia have all shown to negatively influence tendon healing. Surgeon related factors that can influence healing include repair construct-single vs double row, rehabilitation, and biologics including platelet rich plasma and mesenchymalstem cells. Double-row repairs are biomechanically stronger and have better healing rates compared with single-row repairs although clinical outcomes are equivalent between both constructs. Slower, less aggressive rehabilitation programs have demonstrated improved healing with no negative effect on final range of motion and are therefore recommended after repair of most full thickness tears. Additionally no definitive evidence supports the use of platelet rich plasma or mesenchymal stem cells regarding improvement of healing rates and clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to identify effective biologically directed augmentations that will improve healing rates and clinical outcomes after rotator cuff repair.

Postoperative deep shoulder infections following rotator cuff repair

Rotator cuff repair(RCR) is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in orthopaedic surgery. The reported incidence of deep soft-tissue infections after RCR ranges between 0.3% and 1.9%. Deep shoulder infection after RCR appears uncommon, but the actual incidence may be higher as many cases may go unreported. Clinical presentation may include increasing shoulder pain and stiffness, high temperature, local erythema, swelling, warmth, and fibrinous exudate. Generalized fatigue and signs of sepsis may be present in severe cases. Varying clinical presentation coupled with a low index of suspicion may result in delayed diagnosis. Laboratory findings include high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level, and, rarely, abnormal peripheral blood leucocyte count. Aspiration of glenohumeral joint synovial fluid with analysis of cell count, gram staining and culture should be performed in all patients suspected with deep shoulder infection after RCR. The most commonly isolated pathogens are Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Management of a deep soft-tissue infection of the shoulder after RCR involves surgical debridement with lavage and long-term intravenous antibiotic treatment based on the pathogen identified. Although deep shoulder infection after RCR is usually successfully treated, complications of this condition can be devastating. Prolonged course of intravenous antibiotic treatment, extensive soft-tissue destruction and adhesions may result in substantially diminished functional outcomes.

Single row rotator cuff repair with modified technique

Rotator cuff tear is a common medical condition.We introduce various suture methods that can be used for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair,review the single row rotator cuff repair method with modified technique,and introduce the Ulsan-University(UU)stich.We compare the UU stitch with the modified Mason-Allen(MA)suture method.The UU stitch configuration is a simple alternative to the modified MA suture configuration for rotator cuff repair.

Outcomes after arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff tears in the setting of mild to moderate glenohumeral osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND Rotator cuff pathology is a very common source of shoulder pain.Similarly,osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint can cause shoulder pain and produce similar symptoms.Surgical management can be indicated for both pathologies,however,outcomes data is limited when examining rotator cuff repair(RCR) in the setting of glenohumeral arthritis(GHOA).Thus,this study sought to determine outcomes for patients who undergo RCR in the setting of GHOA.AIM To evaluate if a relationship exists between outcomes of RCR in the setting of GHOA.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with concurrent glenohumeral osteoarthritis between 2010-2017.Patients were stratified based on rotator cuff tear size and glenohumeral osteoarthritis severity.Cohorts were paired 1:1 with patients without glenohumeral osteoarthritis.Patients included had a minimum two year follow-up.Rate of conversion to total shoulder arthroplasty,complication rates following initial surgery,and patient-reported outcome measures were collected.RESULTS A total of 142 patients were included.The number of patients that required total shoulder arthroplasty within two years after index surgery was low.2/71(2.8%) patients with GHOA,and 1/71(1.4%) without GHOA.Following rotator cuff repair,both groups showed favorable patientreported outcomes.CONCLUSION Patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair showed comparable outcomes to patients without glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

Clinical Results of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair with a Tape-Attached Anchor

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with a tape-attached anchor: The HEALICOILRG with ULTRATAPE. We hypothesised that performing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with tape-attached anchors would result in better clinical outcomes and reduce the retear rate compared with conventional suture anchors. Methods: We included 83 patients treated by arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with a minimum 1-year follow-up. We divided them into two groups: Use of the HEALICOILRG with ULTRATAPE (group T: 41 shoulders;mean patient age, 64.3 years) and use of the conventional suture anchor (group S: 42 shoulders;mean patient age, 68.9 years). We compared the University of California Los Angeles scores, Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores, range of motion, and retear rate between the two groups. The Student t test and chi-square test were used in statistical analyses. Results: At the 1-year postoperative follow-up, both groups showed improvement in the average University of California Los Angeles score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, and range of motion, although no significant difference was found in the retear rate between the two groups. Conclusions: Results of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with the HEALICOILRG with ULTRATAPE were generally good. However, our results could not demonstrate efficacy of the HEALICOILRG with ULTRATAPE. Further detailed studies are needed to determine its treatment result.

Clinical Decision Making in Open vs Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: Evidence for Preoperative Decision Making

Objective: To further understand what factors should be considered when deciding to do mini-open versus arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Methods: A systematic literature search on the computer was done with the help of the PubMed database. Of the articles searched through, three have been chosen to specifically address topics of interest concerning the factors affecting arthroscopic vs mini-open RCR surgical approaches. Discussion: As we continue to progress down the line of factors impacting a clinician’s decision making, we begin to see how postoperative management is unchanged. Tear severity lacks sufficient evidence to base a decision on, but financial, educational, and logistical factors are proven to play a significant role in this decision. Conclusion: As of right now it seems that mini-open RCR is the most cost and time efficient method, especially amongst non-fellowship trained surgeons or ones with lower volume of shoulder scopes. However, further studies should be done to examine cost and efficiency in Sport Medicine fellowship trained orthopedic surgeons to validate these findings.

Rotator cuff tears: An evidence based approach

Lesions of the rotator cuff(RC) are a common occurrence affecting millions of people across all parts of the globe. RC tears are also rampantly prevalent with an agedependent increase in numbers. Other associated factors include a history of trauma, limb dominance, contralateral shoulder, smoking-status, hypercholesterolemia, posture and occupational dispositions. The challenge lies in early diagnosis since a high proportion of patients are asymptomatic. Pain and decreasing shoulder power and function should alert the heedful practitioner in recognizing promptly the onset or aggravation of existing RC tears. Partial-thickness tears(PTT) can be bursalsided or articular-sided tears. Over the course of time, PTT enlarge and propagate into full-thickness tears(FTT) and develop distinct chronic pathological changes due to muscle retraction, fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy. These lead to a reduction in tendon elasticity and viability. Eventually, the glenohumeral joint experiences a series of degenerative alterations- cuff tear arthropathy. To avert this, a vigilant clinician must utilize and corroborate clinical skill and radiological findings to identify tear progression. Modern radio-diagnostic means of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging provide excellent visualization of structural details and are crucial in determining further course of action for these patients. Physical therapy along with activity modifications, antiinflammatory and analgesic medications form the pillars of nonoperative treatment. Elderly patients with minimal functional demands can be managed conservatively and reassessed at frequent intervals. Regular monitoring helps in isolating patients who require surgical interventions. Early surgery should be considered in younger, active and symptomatic, healthy patients. In addition to being costeffective, this helps in providing a functional shoulder witha stable cuff. An easily reproducible technique of maximal strength and sturdiness should by chosen among the armamentarium of the shoulder surgeon. Grade 1 PTTs do well with debridement while more severe lesions mandate repair either by trans-tendon technique or repair following conversion into FTT. Early repair of repairable FTT can avoid appearance and progression of disability and weakness. The choice of surgery varies from surgeon-to-surgeon with arthroscopy taking the lead in the current scenario. The double-row repairs have an edge over the single-row technique in some patients especially those with massive tears. Stronger, costeffective and improved functional scores can be obtained by the former. Both early and delayed postoperative rehabilitation programmes have led to comparable outcomes. Guarded results may be anticipated in patients in extremes of age, presence of comorbidities and severe tear patters. Overall, satisfactory results are obtained with timely diagnosis and execution of the appropriate treatment modality.

Arthroscopic treatment options for irreparable rotator cuff tears of the shoulder

The management of patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears remains a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons with the final treatment option in many algorithms being either a reverse shoulder arthroplasty or a tendon transfer. The long term results of these procedures are however still widely debated, especially in younger patients. A variety of arthroscopic treatment options have been proposed for patients with an irreparable rotator cuff tear without the presence of arthritis of the glenohumeral joint. These include a simple debridement with or without a biceps tenotomy, partial rotator cuff repair with or without an interval slide, tuberplasty, graft interposition of the rotator cuff, suprascapular nerve ablation, superior capsule reconstruction and insertion of a biodegradable spacer(Inspace) to depress the humeral head. These options should be considered as part of the treatment algorithm in patients with an irreparable rotator cuff and could be used as either as an interim procedure, delaying the need for more invasive surgery in the physiologically young and active, or as potential definitive procedures in the medically unfit.The aim of this review is to highlight and summarise arthroscopic procedures and the results thereof currently utilised in the management of these challenging patients.

Comparison with Surgical Findings for the Accuracy of Routine MRI in Rotator Cuff Tears

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PTT) and full-thickness rotator cuff tears(FTT) by comparing its findings with surgical findings as the gold standard and to improve the previous MRI accuracy in diagnosing rotator cuff tears (RCT) considering more variables. Methods: In 45 months, 804 patients underwent MRI shoulder joint. Among them, only 95 cases had undergone both MRI imaging and surgery accordingly. The patient records were evaluated retrospectively if MRI and surgery were performed within 40 days of MRI. MRI findings were categorized into PTT, FTT and no tears which were further divided into different types according to four main nominal data as variables viz. site, size, shape and muscle involvement in RCT and were correlated with surgical findings for statistical calculation by using Kappa coefficient and McNemar Bowker test. Results: 81 patients (86 RCTs) underwent surgery within 40 days. On the basis of site as variable, MRI correctly depicted 100% of full thickness tears(FTT), 85% of bursal partial thickness tears(PTT), 80.4% of articular partial thickness tears(PTT). The consistency in diagnosis of RCT between MRI and surgery was moderate (Kappa coefficient 0.645). Overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRI for diagnosing PTT was 87.3%, 53.3% and 81.3%;and that for FTT was 100%, 98.7% and 98.8% respectively. Likewise on the basis of size, shape and muscles involved, the consistency between MRI and surgery was poor for size and shape and moderate for muscles involved;and the difference in diagnosing RCT by MRI and surgery was significant for shape (P = 0.002) only, but not significant for size (P = 0.16) and for muscles involved (P = 0.206) respectively. The agreement between MRI and surgery in diagnosing calcific tendinitis and shoulder joint hematoma with Kappa coefficient is (0.577) and (0.556) respectively. Conclusion: MRI has better accuracy for detecting FTT and has high sensitivity and positive predictive value in diagnosing both PTT and FTT. Combining more others variables in addition to RCT, MRI offers a great value in diagnosing RCT.

静脉注射联合关节腔灌注氨甲环酸对肩关节镜肩袖修补术后患者的作用效果

目的 探究静脉注射联合关节腔灌注氨甲环酸对肩关节镜肩袖修补术后患者的影响。方法 收集医院2020年2月至2022年11月收治的84例接受肩关节镜肩袖修补术患者的临床资料。依照术中止血干预方式分为观察组(56例,静脉注射联合关节腔灌注氨甲环酸)和对照组(28例,氨甲环酸静脉注射)。比较两组血红蛋白、手术出血量、手术时间、肩关节肿胀情况、疼痛程度、肩关节功能、并发症、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)水平。结果 术后1 d两组血红蛋白下降,观察组高于对照组(P<0.001)。两组手术出血量、手术时间相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。两组肩关节周径组间、时间、交互效应有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1、2 d,两组疼痛评分差异有统计学意义,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组术后2 d的疼痛评分均低于术后1 d(P<0.001)。术后1个月两组肩关节功能评分均高于术前,观察组高于对照组(P<0.001)。两组术后IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-3均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.001)。结论 静脉注射联合关节腔灌注氨甲环酸应用于肩关节镜肩袖修补手术中能够有效发挥止血作用,减轻炎症反应,缓解患者疼痛,改善肩关节功能,相对安全。

川芎祛瘀汤对关节镜下肩袖修补术后患者活动障碍和疼痛的影响

目的观察川芎祛瘀汤对关节镜下肩袖修补术后患者活动障碍和疼痛的影响。方法选取2020年1月—2023年1月期间安阳市中医院收治的90例肩袖损伤行关节镜下肩袖修补术患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各45例。术后对照组予常规治疗及护理,观察组加用川芎祛瘀汤治疗。连续治疗4周。观察比较两组患者术前后疼痛、肩关节功能、肩关节活动情况、白细胞介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)及血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)表达。结果术后2、4周两组患者VAS评分均较术前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组术后2、4周VAS评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后4、8周两组患者UCLA评分及Constant-Murley评分均较术前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组术后4、8周UCLA评分及Constant-Murley评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后8周两组患者肩关节活动度均较术前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组肩关节活动度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后4周两组患者IL-6、TNF-α表达均较术前明显降低,VEGF表达均较治疗前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组IL-6、TNF-α含量均明显低于对照组,VEGF明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论川芎祛瘀汤能有效缓解关节镜下肩袖修补术后患者疼痛,促进术后患者肩关节功能恢复,改善其关节活动,有效抑制炎症反应,促进血管再生,改善局部微循环。

关节镜联合小切口修复术治疗肩袖全层损伤的效果

目的观察关节镜联合小切口修复术治疗肩袖全层损伤的近期效果,并探讨关节镜联合小切口修复术的临床意义。方法选取2020年1月至2022年4月接受关节镜联合小切口修复术治疗的22例肩袖全层损伤患者为研究对象。比较术前、术后6个月随访时的疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、肩关节主动前屈角度、外旋角度及Constant-Murley、美国加州大学肩关节评分(UCLA)评分。结果术后6个月随访时,肩袖全层损伤患者的VAS评分低于术前,肩关节主动前屈角度、外旋角度大于术前(P<0.05)。术后6个月随访时,肩袖全层损伤患者的Constant-Murley、UCLA评分高于术前(P<0.05)。结论关节镜联合小切口修复术治疗肩袖全层损伤的效果显著,可明显降低肩关节疼痛,提高肩关节功能,有助于术后康复。

Teach-back健康教育结合遗忘曲线规律对肩袖修复术患者功能锻炼依从性及康复效果的研究

目的:探讨Teach-back健康教育结合遗忘曲线规律对肩袖修复术(RCR)患者功能锻炼依从性及康复的效果。方法:选取2022年7月—2023年6月在天津市某三级甲等医院行关节镜下RCR的60例患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组(n=30)和试验组(n=30)。对照组采用常规护理,试验组在对照组基础上应用遗忘曲线规律结合Teach-back健康教育。比较两组患者术前1 d、干预后1周、干预后2周的功能锻炼依从性评分、UCLA肩关节功能评分、Constant-Murley评分。结果:两组患者术前1 d、干预后1周、干预后2周,功能锻炼依从性评分比较,试验组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=8.026、5.664、12.820,P<0.05);试验组患者UCLA肩关节功能评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=6.333、6.906、8.581,P<0.05);试验组患者Constant-Murley评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=8.800、17.673、10.549,P<0.05)。结论:Teach-back健康教育结合遗忘曲线规律可提高患者功能锻炼依从性,改善术后康复效果。

肩关节镜下肱二头肌长头腱转位强化缝合修复巨大肩袖撕裂损伤

背景:肱二头肌长头腱转位是治疗巨大肩袖撕裂的常用手术方式,目前对于肱二头肌长头腱转位的临床疗效报道较少且转位后肩袖再撕裂的相关因素尚无定论。目的:观察肩关节镜下肱二头肌长头腱转位加强缝合治疗巨大肩袖撕裂的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2019年3月至2022年5月江苏省中医院收治的28例巨大肩袖撕裂患者的临床资料,年龄(61.79±10.50)岁,均在关节镜下行肱二头肌长头腱转位加强缝合进行修复。术前及术后1年,评估患者目测类比评分、加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)评分、美国肩肘外科协会(ASES)评分、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分及肩关节活动度;术后1年,利用肩关节MRI检查修复结构的完整性。根据术后1年的Sugaya分型将23例(28例失访5例)患者分为肌腱完整组(n=18)、肌腱撕裂组(n=5),根据术中肱二头肌长头腱质量分为正常组(n=8)、退变组(n=9)、部分撕裂组(n=6),对比上述指标的差异。结果与结论:(1)与术前比较,23例患者术后1年的目测类比评分、UCLA评分、ASES评分、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分及肩关节活动度均明显改善(P<0.05);肌腱完整组与肌腱撕裂组术前Goutallier分级存在差异(P<0.05),术后1年的目测类比评分、UCLA评分、ASES评分、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分及肩关节活动度比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);正常组、退变组、部分撕裂组术后1年的目测类比评分、UCLA评分、ASES评分、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分及肩关节活动度比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);(2)术后1年,患侧肩关节MRI见18例患者缝合肌腱愈合良好,愈合率78%;(3)肩关节镜下肱二头肌长头腱转位加强缝合可为难以完成完全修补的巨大肩袖撕裂提供可靠修补,能明显缓解肩关节疼痛、恢复肩关节功能。

沉浸式虚拟现实技术结合早期康复训练对肩袖损伤术后患者的临床疗效评价

目的:观察沉浸式虚拟现实技术(VR)结合早期康复训练对肩袖损伤术后患者早中期康复治疗的效果。方法:选取2023年4月至2023年11月期间在温州医科大学附属第二医院进行首次肩袖修补术且符合纳入标准的45例患者为研究对象,用随机数字表法分为实验组22例和对照组23例。术后0~2周,两组均行常规被动康复训练;术后2~6周,对照组采用早期康复训练,实验组在早期康复的基础上,予以沉浸式虚拟现实系统进行上肢运动功能训练。分别在治疗前、治疗4周后评估两组疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、美国加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)肩关节评分、肩关节主被动前屈和贴臂外旋活动度、患侧冈上肌横截面积(CSA)。结果:研究过程中部分病例脱落予以剔除(实验组1例,对照组2例),两组各完成21例,纳入最终疗效分析。治疗后,两组患者VAS评分降低,UCLA评分增高,主被动前屈活动度和患侧冈上肌CSA均较治疗前增加,实验组主被动贴臂外旋角度较治疗前增加,且实验组各项指标均较对照组明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组主被动贴臂外旋角度较治疗前无显著增加(P>0.05),两组患者冈上肌CSA与UCLA肩关节评分呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论:沉浸式VR结合早期康复治疗能有效减轻患者的疼痛,提高肩关节活动度,改善患者功能活动,并促进冈上肌肌腱的修复。

肩袖损伤术后康复护理的最佳证据总结

目的总结肩袖损伤术后康复护理的最佳证据,为临床实施相关干预提供参考。方法检索肩袖损伤术后康复护理相关文献,采用JBI循证卫生保健中心的文献评价标准和证据分级系统进行质量评价和证据级别评定。检索时限为2013年1月至2023年12月。结果最终纳入10篇文献,包括4篇指南、3篇专家共识、3篇系统评价。提取归纳肩袖损伤术后康复护理相关证据共34条,汇总9个主题,分别为康复目的、制定康复计划、康复原则、支具固定、运动时间及内容、运动频率,运动监督、疼痛控制、健康教育。结论总结的最佳证据可为临床医护人员实施肩袖损伤术后康复护理提供指引,在证据转化和应用过程中应结合临床情境,充分评估每条证据的适宜性和可行性。

关节镜下全缝线锚钉治疗肩袖损伤的短期临床疗效

目的:采用前瞻性、单队列临床试验评估关节镜下应用全缝线锚钉修复肩袖损伤的短期临床疗效。方法:以江苏省苏北人民医院运动医学科、日间手术中心自2022年7月至2022年9月收治的25例肩袖损伤(1.5 cm<撕裂大小<6 cm)患者作为研究对象,其中2例不符合入选标准被排除、1例因随访不便中途退出。共22例患者纳入研究,男8例、女14例;年龄59.1±10.9岁;左肩10例、右肩12例;肩袖撕裂大小为3.2±1.2 cm。记录患者术前、术后3个月、术后6个月随访时疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、美国肩肘外科医师协会评分(ASES评分)、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分(Constant评分)、简明肩关节评分(SST评分)、双肩外展肌力比值(患侧/健侧)及患肩关节活动度。通过术后6个月的磁共振成像(MRI)评估术后肩袖的愈合情况及全缝线锚钉周围囊肿形成情况,根据全缝线锚钉周围是否形成囊肿,将患者分为锚周囊肿组和锚周无囊肿组,比较分析两组患者的年龄、性别、左右侧、外伤史、病程时间、撕裂大小、手术时间,了解是否具有相关性;比较两组术后6个月的VAS评分、ASES评分、Constant评分、患肩关节活动范围和肩袖的愈合等级。结果:22例患者术后获6.2±0.3个月随访。术前、术后3月、术后6月,VAS评分分别为4.2±1.1、1.3±1.2、0.7±0.4分,ASES评分分别为51.5±11.2、79.7±12.3、88.9±6.5分,Constant评分分别为46.2±12.8、65.4±12.4、73.7±9.6分,双肩外展肌力比值(患侧/健侧)分别为21.9±15.8、71.3±9.6、90.3±5.9,SST评分分别为3.5±0.3、7.6±0.2、10.5±0.2分,与术前比较,术后3月、术后6月差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3月、术后6月的肩关节活动范围与术前比较差异也均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后MRI提示肩袖再撕裂的患者1例。锚周围囊肿组和锚周无囊肿组两组患者年龄比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后6月的VAS评分、ASES评分、Constant评分、患肩关节活动范围和肩袖的愈合等级比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:关节镜下应用全缝线锚钉进行肩袖修补术具有可行性和安全性,短期临床疗效较好。