Integration of Theory and Practice in Medical Morphology Curriculum in Postgraduate Training:A Flipped Classroom and Case-based Learning Exercise

Objective:The integration of training in theory and practice across the medical education spectrum is being encouraged to increase student understanding and skills in the sciences.This study aimed to determine the deciding factors that drive students'perceived advantages in class to improve precision education and the teaching model.Methods:A mixed strategy of an existing flipped classroom(FC)and a case-based learning(CBL)model was conducted in a medical morphology curriculum for 575 postgraduate students.The subjective learning evaluation of the individuals(learning time,engagement,study interest and concentration,and professional integration)was collected and analyzed after FC-CBL model learning.Results:The results from the general evaluation showed promising results of the medical morphology in the FC-CBL model.Students felt more engaged by instructors in person and benefited in terms of time-saving,flexible arrangements,and professional improvement.Our study contributed to the FC-CBL model in Research Design in postgraduate training in 4 categories:1)advancing a guideline of precision teaching according to individual characteristics;2)revealing whether a learning background is needed for a Research Design course to guide setting up a preliminary course;3)understanding the perceived advantages and their interfaces;and 4)barriers and/or improvement to implement the FC-CBL model in the Research Design class,such as a richer description of e-learning and hands-on practice.Conclusion:Undertaking a FC-CBL combined model could be a useful addition to pedagogy for medical morphology learning in postgraduate training.

Exploration and Practice of Postgraduate Training Mode Based on Medical Imaging Information Security

In the process of continuous maturity and development of medical imaging diagnosis,it is common to transmit images through public networks.How to ensure the security of transmission,cultivate talents who combine medical imaging and information security,and explore and cultivate new discipline growth points are difficult problems and challenges for schools and educators.In order to cope with industrial changes,a new round of scientific and technological revolution,and the challenges of the further development of artificial intelligence in medicine,this article will analyze the existing problems in the training of postgraduates in medical imaging information security by combining the actual conditions and characteristics of universities,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the progress of technology in universities.

AIDS-related Knowledge,Condom Usage Among Medical Postgraduates

Objective To investigate the knowledge about safety/unsafty of sexual acts relating to HIV transmission, levels of embarrassment related to condom and condom usage among medical postgraduates. Methods From August to December, 1998, a self-administered anonymous questionnaire was given to 271 new medical postgraduates from two medical colleges of Beijing and Hebei Province. Results There was a hazy understanding of the protective function of condom from AIDS among medical postgraduates. Only 14.4% medical postgraduates persisted in using condom, and 27.94% had never or almost never used it. The levels of embarrassment about condom were high. The median score was 3.55+0.98. Whether to use condom was related with the attitudes to condom, but not to AIDS. Conclusion There was some misunderstanding about condom and inconsistent condom usage in medical postgraduates. So it is essential to strengthen the sexual health education among them.

AI+ Medical Image Analysis Oriented Postgraduate Training

In modern medicine,medical image examination has become an important method and tool to deal with clinical diseases.The inherent defects of artificial analysis of medical images make medical images become the most valuable application scenario of artificial intelligence(AI).This paper aims at how to effectively adapt to economic development and cultivate talents who combine artificial intelligence and medicine,which is a difficult problem and challenge facing schools and educators.A new AI+medical imaging talent training model was proposed,and suggestions for improvement were introduced from the course design,assessment system,faculty team,and course textbooks,and the teaching effect was explained through the training process,supporting conditions,and training mechanism,so as to promote the scientific and technological progress of colleges and universities.and development.

Problems and Suggestions of Mental Health Education for Postgraduates in Medical Universities in China

Objective:Health includes physical and mental health.However,the importance of mental health of postgraduates is often ignored in China’s medical universities.The mental health education in most medical universities cannot adapt to the current situation of the growing scale of medical postgraduates.The main psychological problems of medical postgraduates are anxiety and depression.The main psychological stress is as follows:(1)academic work;(2)employment;(3)interpersonal relationship;(4)emotional distress.Conclusion:the postgraduate training programs of medical universities should pay more attention to the mental health status of postgraduates,and take reasonable measures to timely and effectively carry out early warning,intervention and treatment of postgraduates’psychological problems.

Consideration of Postgraduate Training under the Cross Field of Medical Information and Engineering

The slogan of“Combination of medicine and engineering”proposed in“Made in China 2025”has aroused great attention to higher engineering education.However,it is a difficult problem and challenge for schools and educators to effectively adapt to the economic and social development,train new medical and engineering talents,and explore and cultivate new subject growth points.In order to deal with engineering change and a new round of scientific and technological revolution,facing the challenge of new engineering construction.This paper will combine the reality and characteristics of colleges and universities,analyze the problems existing in the current medical engineering cross-graduate training,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the progress and development of science and technology in colleges and universities.

Objective Assessment in Continual Medical Education (CME) Medical Objective Assessment in System Control

Existing examinations in postgraduate education and continuing medical education (CME) are not perfect. Modern assessment does not reflect disadvantages of older responders, for whom more time for reply is needed. Specialists with wide clinical experience may choose more than one correct answer in alternative questions. Reduced ability to remember in older people restricts examination without additional sources of information. We offer an individualised system for testing doctors. It provides personalised choice of examination questions using multiple choice questions with weight characteristics and absence of distractors, interactive cooperation in case of negative answers and the final decision of an expert in relation to the person tested. A special algorithm is proposed for typical questions that combines the advantages of known approaches to testing. The questioning system is complex for the creators of tests, but is more convenient and objective than existing ones for medical doctors.

基于 PDCA 体系的“一思五早”模式在医学研究生培养中的探索与实践

在国家“健康中国”建设目标指引下,医学人才培养和科技创新是推动医学进步、促进人民健康的重要策略。四川大学华西医院脑血管病中心以培养临床和科研复合型人才为目标导向,构建了临床、教学、科研“三位一体”的育人框架,基于PDCA循环体系实践管理学与循证医学理论和方法,对研究生进行规范化培养和个体化指导,践行“一思五早”培养模式,为培养德才兼备的高水平医学研究生探索方法路径。

“大思政”背景下医学检验专业研究生课程思政教育方法探索

习近平总书记关于思政课的重要论述,已经成为新时代高校为党育人为国育才的新理念,强化医学生的职业素养教育,特别是医学伦理和科研诚信教育,通过加强这方面的教育,可以帮助学生树立正确的价值观和职业观,明确作为医务工作者的责任和使命。同时,这也有助于培养学生的道德判断能力和自我约束能力,使其在未来的职业生涯中能够自觉遵守职业道德规范,维护医疗行业的形象和声誉,这对于培养具备高度责任感和职业道德的医学检验专业硕士研究生至关重要。将思政元素引入研究生课程教学,并以此为导向,构建层次递进、相互支撑的课程体系,是培养高层次医学检验人才的重要条件。医学检验专业是一门实践性和技术性非常强的专业,其致力于培养具备现代医学检验技能和初步科研能力的应用型医学检验技术专门人才。这样的培养目标既符合现代医学发展的需求,也体现了对医学检验人才综合素质的高度重视。因此,在“大思政”背景下,医学检验专业研究生教学中融入课程思政尤为重要。从强化师资队伍建设、提升带教老师课程思政能力、促进思政元素与专业知识融合、重构完整的课程体系、构建医学检验专业课程思政建设下的考评体系以及形成具有医学检验专业特色的“大思政”格局等维度,探讨医学检验专业硕士研究生“课程思政”教育方法改革的思路,以期为医学检验专业硕士研究生“课程思政”教育方法改革提供借鉴。

医学研究生伦理审查体系建设探索研究

通过对广州中医药大学第一临床医学院222名医学研究生进行关于医学伦理审查意见的问卷调查,调查内容涉及“受调查者基本情况”“相关伦理法规了解情况”“伦理知识和实践能力获得情况”“对伦理审查工作的评价、意见”4个模块,分析调查结果认为,医学研究生临床研究项目医学伦理审查存在以下6方面情况:医学伦理知识水平不高、医学伦理审查意识较薄弱、医学伦理知识获取途径相对单一、对医学伦理教学参与度及学习效果评价不高、对医学伦理审查工作满意度不高、对医学伦理审查态度较积极但对其意义认识不高。基于以上情况,广州中医药大学第一临床医学院协同广州中医药大学第一附属医院伦理委员会教研分会开展以培养质量为导向的医学伦理审查体系建设与完善的探索,包括研究生医学伦理素养的提升和伦理课程建设,伦理培训,教研分会建设,伦理审查制度化、信息化、电子化等。

“互联网+”背景下重症医学研究生《急危重症医学》课程思政建设研究

基于“互联网+”背景下,医学高校为深入学习贯彻落实全国高校思想政治工作会议精神,进一步深化学校管理和教学改革,提高医学院校思想政治工作的实效性,提升医学高端人才培养质量,学校了提出以“课程思政”为目标的教学改革。“互联网+课程思政”教学具有传统课堂教学无法比拟的优势,其优化了课程设置及教学模式,加入了思政元素,完善了教学设计,有效地做到了每门课程在立德树人过程中的重要作用,是新时代高等医学院校教育发展的要求与趋势。《急危重症医学》是医学院校重症医学专业研究生重要的专业课,为充分发挥此门专业课程的育人功能,文章从重症医学《急危重症医学》课程思政建设的重要性、课程思政构建存在的问题以及课程思政建设路径探索等方面,对重症医学研究生专业课程融入课程思政进行了探索,旨在提高《急危重症医学》课堂教学效果及课程思政建设,最终实现教书与育人的有机结合。

医学研究生科研文献阅读能力水平的提升策略研究

科研文献是国际上学术交流的重要媒介,也是重大研究成果传播的载体。医学研究发展迅速,现有医学教育教学实践已满足不了日益增长的知识需求。高效阅读科研文献是医学研究生掌握相关研究领域内最新研究进展,学习新技术、新理论,提升科研思维的重要手段。尚未开展科研任务的医学研究生在科研文献阅读方面缺乏经验,加之基础知识匮乏,普遍存在阅读较浅,抓不住文献主旨等情况。针对研究生教育中的这一问题,本文详细介绍了阅读科研文献的意义,医学研究生阅读科研文献存在的问题以及提高医学研究生科研文献阅读能力水平的事实策略。本文为研究生高效阅读科研文献提供了新的思路和建议,有助于引导学生高效全面掌握领域内的研究内容和最新动态,解决自身的科研问题和困惑,优化和推动自己的科研课题。

提升男科学研究生转化医学理念和能力的实践与思考

随着社会的发展,危害男性健康的男科疾病呈上升趋势,对优秀男科学医生的需求日益增加,但是我国男科学研究生培养仍然存在很大进步空间。在“大思政”语境下,引入转化医学理念,搭建基础医学研究与临床医学的桥梁,通过学科交叉使男科研究生具备更加丰富的知识储备,更加熟练的临床实践能力是男科学研究生培养的必由之路。文章回顾了转化医学理念融入医学人才培养的进展,指出男科学研究生培养中存在基础与临床脱节、重理论轻实践、缺乏转化医学平台等问题。在此基础上提出了提升男科学研究生转化医学理念和能力的对策建议,包括坚持问题导向培养转化医学理念、创造转化医学条件、加强学术交流、挖掘临床数据资源和搭建平台落实转化医学成果落地等。

导师责任制在医学生本硕贯通培养模式中的实践与思考

“5+3”一体化作为目前新的医学生本硕贯通培养模式,旨在短时间内培养出双轨并进的医学高等人才,为医学教育带来了新的挑战。将导师责任制贯穿于医学生的本硕阶段全程更有利于完成本硕之间平稳过渡,平衡临床与科研,从而提高教学质量,实现教学目标。本文通过对学院引入本科生导师制后教学情况的观察,对已产生的效果及存在的问题进行阐述,并对导师责任制在本-硕过渡阶段及研究生阶段的改革实践展开进一步设计与思考。

某医科大学医学研究生文化自信现状的问卷调查及分析

文化是一个国家和民族的精神根基,文化自信的树立将直接影响中华民族的复兴。作为最高层次教育,研究生不仅需要具备科研能力,更需要文化自信,更好地建设、奉献国家。受西方医学的影响,医学研究生的文化自信更为重要。了解医学研究生文化自信现状,针对存在的问题进行分析和探讨,有助于提高医学研究生文化自信水平。

医学研究生生活方式和健康素养的现状及关系

目的了解医学研究生生活方式和健康素养的现状及关系。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法选取贵州省全日制医学硕士研究生1562人为调查对象,自行设计调查问卷收集研究生的一般情况(包括性别、民族、年龄、身高、体质量、年级、学位类型、专业、生源地、父母亲文化水平及自评健康状况等),采用大学生健康生活方式量表和全国居民健康素养监测问卷测评研究生的生活方式和健康素养,采用Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归模型分析健康素养与生活方式的关联性。结果医学研究生生活方式总得分为(121.23±18.04)分,健康素养得分为(60.34±6.09)分,健康素养水平为75.99%;Pearson相关分析显示,除运动锻炼行为外,医学研究生的生活方式及各维度得分均与健康素养得分呈正相关(P<0.001);多元线性回归分析显示,在控制年龄、民族、年级、生源地、父母亲文化水平、家庭月收入及自评健康状况等变量后,医学研究生健康素养水平可正向预测生活方式得分(β=0.160,P<0.001)。结论贵州省医学研究生的生活方式与健康素养水平亟需改善,其健康素养水平可正向预测生活方式得分。

医疗3D打印数字云平台引入脊柱外科CBL教学的应用研究

目的探讨医疗3D打印数字云平台引入脊柱外科案例导向教学法(Case Based Learning,CBL)中的应用效果。方法选取2022年9月—2023年1月中南大学湘雅医院脊柱外科学习的2019级68名本科生和2021级60名硕士生作为研究对象,按随机数表法将其分为本科生3D+CBL组(n=34)和CBL组(n=34),硕士生3D+CBL组(n=30)和CBL组(n=30)。3D+CBL组将3D打印数字云平台引入CBL教学,CBL组仅采用CBL教学。比较两组的教学效果。结果在本科生中,3D+CBL组笔试成绩优于CBL组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组技能考核成绩比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在硕士生中,3D+CBL组笔试成绩和技能考核成绩均优于CBL组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。本科及硕士3D+CBL组教学和满意评分均高于CBL组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论医疗3D打印数字云平台能够显著提升脊柱外科CBL教学的效果。

硕士规培生临床共情对医患关系的影响机制:基于群际心理的视角

目的:从群际心理的视角考察硕士规培生临床共情对医患关系的影响及作用机制,并检验群际焦虑的中介效应及社会认同的调节作用。方法:采用社会认同问卷、杰弗逊医学生共情量表、群际焦虑量表、医患关系量表对481名临床医学专业型硕士规培生进行问卷调查。结果:1硕士规培生临床共情显著正向预测医患关系(β=0.35,95%CI=[0.27,0.42]);2群际焦虑在临床共情与医患关系中起中介作用,中介效应占37.5%;3该中介作用的后半段路径受到社会认同的调节作用(β=0.07,95%CI=[0.01,0.13])。具体表现为,高社会认同削弱了群际焦虑对医患关系的负向预测作用。结论:硕士规培生临床共情不仅能直接影响医患关系,而且会通过群际焦虑间接影响医患关系,且社会认同在中介模型的后半路径起调节作用。

临床医学研究生职业精神现状及影响因素研究

目的探究临床医学研究生职业精神的现状及影响因素。方法本研究为横断面调查研究,采用便利抽样方法于2022年8—11月选取哈尔滨医科大学临床医学研究生1078名为调研对象。使用一般资料调查表、职业倦怠量表、执业环境量表、职业精神量表进行调查。采用多元逐步线性回归分析探讨临床医学研究生职业精神现状的影响因素。结果临床医学研究生职业精神得分为(168.85±24.95)分,处于中等偏高水平。临床医学研究生平均日工作时长为(8.82±2.46)h,每周值班频率为(1.57±1.83)个,平均每日睡眠时长为(7.00±1.08)h。主要压力来源为论文撰写和发表(42.27%),其次是临床工作(24.85%);在职业认知方面,40.12%的学生认为选择临床医学专业是为了以后的生活保障;在职业期望方面,有超过一半(60.56%)的学生选择了专业能够发挥自身才能,职业比较稳定。临床医学研究生处于中度职业倦怠水平。单因素分析结果,年龄、临床工作经验、婚姻情况及参加职业精神培训情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步线性回归分析结果表明,执业环境、职业倦怠—低个人成就感、职业倦怠—工作冷漠感、职业倦怠—情绪疲惫感、平均每日工作时长及职业精神培训经历是临床医学研究生职业精神的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床医学研究生职业精神处于中等偏高水平,执业环境、职业倦怠—低个人成就感、职业倦怠—工作冷漠感、职业倦怠—情绪疲惫感、平均每日工作时长及职业精神培训经历是临床医学研究生职业精神的影响因素。教育者在临床医学研究生职业精神培养过程中,应注重营造良好的执业环境,合理设置培养目标和工作量,鼓励开展职业精神相关课程及培训,激发学生正直、高尚的职业理念,培养学生积极正向的职业素养。

医学院校研究生社会医学课程思政建设研究

课程思政是培养医学研究生专业技术的同时落实医德教育的新举措。以社会医学课程为例,通过其中社区卫生服务的内容,以新型冠状病毒疫情防控的中国方案为切入点,将思政教育与知识点充分融合,并对教学设计、教学方法、教学考核改革提出相应建议。充分发挥思政与理论课程协同效应,构建“社会医学”课程思政方法,并提出预期困难、不足和展望,在实践中应用和完善,以期提高教学质量、培养合格的医学人才。