On Proverb Translation: A Functional Equivalence Approach

Translation is regarded as a cross-cultural,cross-social,and cross-linguistic communicative activity.In this light,the process of translation is perceived as one of establishing functional equivalence between the source text and the target text in order for the latter to be as faithful as possible to the former in both meaning and function.Proverbs are language-and culture-specific expressions,which often cause difficulties in translation.This paper aims to approach proverb translation from the functional equivalence perspective.

Analysis English Translation of Chinese Poems' Color Words——Functional Equivalence Theory

The translation of Chinese ancient poems has always been the direction of many translators at home and abroad,and the translation of color words has gradually become the object of study.However,due to the difference between translation theory and perspective,there are many controversial translations.Based on the theory of "functional equivalence" proposed by American translation theorist Eugene Nida,this paper analyzes the concrete translation of Chinese ancient poems,and aims to explore how to translate the color words in ancient poems in the best way,And summed up the specific and practical translation methods.

Translation of Cultural Terms Under the Functional Equivalence Theory

Different countries and different nationalities have different cultures.There are differences between them as each culture has its characteristics.Therefore,as their different value,aesthetic taste,region and custom,different cultures assign different meanings to words.According to Tytler,the translation of cultural terms should follow the three principles of translation and adopt reasonable translation methods:retention method,transference translation method,transliteration method,hybrid method,approximation method,interpretation method and implication presentation method,to overcome the translation barriers caused by cultural differences and achieve the translation effect of functional equivalence proposed by Nida.

On the Application of the Functional Equivalence Theory in Movie Subti⁃tle Translation

It was designed to discuss the application of Nida’s functional equivalence theory in movie subtitle translation,so as to indicate that translator should take suitable strategies in the process of translating.Nida’s functional equivalence theory has exerted a great and positive influence in both western and eastern translation theories and practices.Thus it has been widely used in social life.The application of the functional equivalence theory was analyzed by virtue of the translation of the subtitle of The Flower of War.First,the definition and characteristics of this theory was illustrated,as well as its developing process and the constraints in practical application.Then,the significance of movie subtitle translation,the rules it should follow and the plot and linguistic features of The Flower of War were performed.At last,the application of Nida’s functional equivalence theory in movie subtitle translation was analyzed from aspects of lexicon,syntax and aesthetic through several examples.Finally,the guidance function of the functional equivalence theory towards movie subtitle translation was summarized.

Translating COVID Tests Terms From Chinese Into English in the Light of Functional Equivalence Theory

Communication of the various testing methods of COVID-19 is vital for English speakers within China and with the outside world.This research is set to find out the appropriate translation of the Chinese phrases referring to COVID-19 tests in English,in light of functional equivalence theory,which is expected to help correct mistakes and facilitate understanding between people speaking the two languages.

A Study on English-Chinese Translation of Business Contracts Based on the Functional Equivalence Theory

This study explores the translation of business English contracts from English to Chinese from the perspective of functional equivalence.The functional equivalence theory involves three aspects of functional equivalence:lexical equivalence,sentential equivalence,and textual equivalence.As far as translation is concerned,translators adopt different translation techniques for different types of texts,striving to achieve equivalence in lexical,sentential,and textual functions.Therefore,translators are to recognize the different characteristics of business English contracts and highlight English translation styles and characteristics with the help of the functional equivalence theory.

A Study of Animal Idioms Translation From Perspective of Functional Equivalence

Animal idioms,the deposit of broad and profound culture,show significant impacts on humans.It is more often than not that people associate their feelings and emotions,even social events and natural phenomena with various animals.But the meaning it conveys varies from countries and regions causing misunderstanding and long-lasting jokes owing to several factors.To avoid it,the study of idioms with animal vocabulary becomes more imperative.This thesis will focus on the study of animal idiom translation from the perspective of functional equivalence.By targeting the difficulties in animal idiom translation and using different translation skills,it aims to offer readers a chance to derive similar response home and overseas,so that they have an access to avoid culture shock and misunderstanding.

Functional Equivalence and Translation of English Long Sentences

Since English long possess a lot of modifiers and their syntax structures are complicated, it is difficult for the Chinese readers to understand them, not to mention translating them. The paper adopts Nida's theory of functional equivalence as the guideline in the process of translation, since it bears the merit of facilitating the communication of information. In terms of concrete methods, the long sentence should be decomposed into kernel sentences and reconstructed according to the expression of the standard Chinese language. Only by doing that, the translation version can be faithful, correct and elegant.

Analysis of the Translation Strategies in the Chinese Version of Tuesday with Morrie from the perspective of functional equivalence theory

Considering the discrepancy of culture and linguistics between English and Chinese, it is inevitable to miss some information when converting source language into target language. According to Nida's functional equivalence theory, the target readers should receive the same reaction with the source text readers. So in order to achieve this objective, translators need to make changes of the original text by applying certain translation strategies. This essay will analyze four strategies used in the novel Tuesday with Morrie in light of functional equivalence theory. It is concluded that the strategies are really helpful for the target readers to understand the original text and acquire more knowledge about the source language culture.

On the English Translation of Chinese Internet Catchwords from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

Due to the long history of China,the special features of the Chinese Internet catchwords and the few translations of the Chinese Internet catchwords at home and abroad,it is very hard for the foreigners to comprehend the Chinese Internet catchwords.Functional Equivalence Theory is put forward by an American translation theorist,Eugene A.Nida,which casts great influence on the translation circle.This paper applies the literal translation and the free translation to translate the Chinese Internet catchwords in the light of functional equivalence theory.

On E-C Translation of Attributive Clauses in English for Science and Technology from Perspective of Functional Equivalence

Attributive clauses in EST often consist of complex structures and deliver a multiplicity of meanings. It will be one of challenges facing the translators to transfer the attributive clauses in EST faithfully, completely and smoothly into Chinese so that the understanding and response of the target language readers to the information produced in the translation are almost the same as that of the original language readers to the information contained in the original attributive clauses in EST, thus achieving functional equivalence of the translation. Under the direction of Nida's functional equivalence theory, this paper is dedicated to discussing the translation techniques of EST attributive clauses, and hope it benefits the translation of EST in the future.

On the Translation of Automobile Brand Names from the Prospective of the Functional Equivalence

Translation of automobile brand names has important implications for the promotion and marketing of products and strengthening its competitiveness.This article studies four translation methods of automobile brand names,including transliteration,literal translation,free translation and transliteration combined with a literal translation,which is under the Nida’s equivalence theory and masters the origins and characteristics of automobile brand names and summarizes the different effects that methods have on the automobile brand names.

A Comparative Study of Two English Versions of Jiang Xue Based on Functional Equivalence Theory

Chinese ancient poetry is artistically beautified with extraordinarily subtle artistic images, conceptions and rhythms.How well the translator knows and understands the linguistic and cultural differences between Chinese and English and the source poem in terms of its author, writing background and intended artistic conceptions, and what translating strategies the translator adopts will have a great impact on the translated version. Based on Nida's "functional equivalence" theory as the theoretical basis of the study, two different English versions of five-character jueju"Jiang Xue were chosen as the research objects, and studied from two perspectives, namely romantic charm including artistic images and conceptions and artistic form including language employed and rhythms to examine whether the two English versions have reproduced the source poem as it was. It was pointed out in the paper that achieving the functional equivalence between the source language poem and the translated version in terms of artistic images, language style and rhythm allows the possibility of the target language reader comprehending the translated version to the point that they can conceive of how the source language reader must have understood and appreciated the source poem.

A Research on E-C Translation Methods of Business Contracts from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

As economic globalization continues to develop increasingly,political and economic trade has become more frequent.In international activities,business contracts are important legal documents,and all international business activities require the signing of contracts,which has greatly increased the demand for translation of business contracts.Based on the functional equivalence theory,this paper analyzes the translation of E-C business contracts with the characteristics of business contracts.This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis and a practical translation strategy for E-C translation of business contracts,and to solve problems encountered in the translation practice.

Application of the Functional Equivalence Theory in Movie Subtitle Translation—Exemplified by Three Billboards Outside Ebbing,Missouri

In recent years,foreign films have been introduced into China,which have a tremendous impact on people’s social life.As a major tool for obtaining information and enjoying entertainment,film subtitle translation is becoming increasingly important.Meanwhile,the English level and appreciation ability of domestic audience is continuously improving with the change of the times,and their demand and requirement for subtitle translation are also improving.Nowadays,there are still many immature parts in sub⁃title translation,and the theory in China is relatively deficient.Therefore,the subtitle translation level of film needs to be rose.The translator constantly improves the translation ability by using translation theories and skills.Based on the theory of functional equiv⁃alence,this thesis translates the subtitle of the film Three Billboards Outside Ebbing,Missouri.Firstly,this paper briefly introduces the development of the film subtitle translation and the film.Secondly,it introduces the translation theories and skills applied in translation practice,making a particular analysis in combination with specific practical cases.Finally,the translator makes a sum⁃mary for the translation process.The translator hopes that through the translation practice,some attempts can be made for future re⁃search in subtitle translation.

English Sports News Vocabulary Translation From the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

With the widespread development of international sports events, more and more people pay attention to the international sports games by reading sports news or watching sports videos. Since English is the universal language, the news of these sports events is mostly reported in English. However,English sports news could bring some reading difficulties for Chinese readers. In the author's view, words are the basic elements of the English sports news language. It is of significance to study English sports news lexis. Under the guidance of Functional Equivalence Theory,this study attempts to explore the lexical features of English sports news and to analyze some useful lexical translation strategies. The results of the study show that Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory is applicable to the lexical translation of English sports news. It is recommended that translators follow Nida's equivalence theory during the translation.

From Equivalence to Skopos: A Theoretical "Dialogue" between Nida and the Functional School

Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos Theory are two important translation theories in the fields of translation, which many scholars spare no efforts to research on. This short essay intends to compare and complement between Nida's Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos theory after briefly reviewing these two translation theories. It is aimed for helping readers improve their translation skills via stimulating them to consider translation issues from different angles, such as the nature of translation, the target of translation, translation market, cultural constrains, translation process, translation effects, and etc. And this essay focuses on Nida's Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos theory, a part of functional theories via comparing and harmonizing these two translation theories.

A Functional-Equivalence Approach to Two English Versions of Hao’liao’ge

The understanding of Hao’liao’ge is very important for the understanding of Hong’lou’meng so Hao’liao’ge can be said to be the key point of the whole novel.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the comparative study of English translation of Hao’liao’ge in the English translation studies of Hong’lou’meng.Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory will be used to com⁃pare and analyze the two translations of Hao’liao’ge and explore the different translation strategies of the two translators,hoping to have some inspiration for poetry translation and give Chinese and English readers a deeper understanding of Hao’liao’ge.

Promoting the International Dissemination of Chinese Culture Through International Chinese Language Education: A Case Study of Chinese-English Idiomatic Equivalence

One major task of our improvement of China’s international communication capabilities is to tell China’s stories well and make China’s voice heard to communicate a comprehensive,multi-dimensional view of China in the international arena.International Chinese language education bears the dual responsibility of spreading the Chinese language and promoting the Chinese culture.How to shape global narratives for telling China’s stories and improve China’s international communication capabilities has become an important issue that concerns international Chinese language education.Chinese idioms,which are hidden treasures of the Chinese language,can play a unique role in this regard.It is therefore necessary to review the content and methods of including idioms in international Chinese language education.In this paper,instruction in idioms is approached by making a corpus-based comparative analysis from the theoretical perspectives of equivalence,cognitive metaphor,and second language acquisition.Qualitative and quantitative methods are combined to analyze idioms to be added to the vocabulary of international Chinese language education in three dimensions:word frequency,semantic transparency,and functional equivalence.This paper aims to explore a new approach to the dissemination of Chinese culture through instruction in idioms in international Chinese language education.

Creative Translation as a Faithful Translating Technique Disguised-With Examples in the Chinese Version of The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte

Under the core guideline of creating a reading response that is the same on both sides of the native and target readers,Eugene A.Nida puts his translation theory in form of functional equivalence.Thus translation becomes a task of reproduction of providing in the target language the closest version that is natural and idiomatic in style,context and semantics.Due to various reasons,creative translations can be made to fulfill that purpose.The second thought and the thorough manipulation of words and expressions help bridge the discrepancy in comprehending the source language and the translated one,whose requirements literal and traditional ways of handling translation may fail to meet.