The International Software Benchmarking and Standards Group (ISBSG) data-base was used to build estimation models for estimating software functional test effort. The analysis of the data revealed three test productivi...The International Software Benchmarking and Standards Group (ISBSG) data-base was used to build estimation models for estimating software functional test effort. The analysis of the data revealed three test productivity patterns representing economies or diseconomies of scale and these patterns served as a basis for investigating the characteristics of the corresponding projects. Three groups of projects related to the three different productivity patterns, characterized by domain, team size, elapsed time and rigor of verification and validation carried out during development, were found to be statistically significant. Within each project group, the variations in test effort can be explained, in addition to functional size, by 1) the processes executed during development, and 2) the processes adopted for testing. Portfolios of estimation models were built using combinations of the three independent variables. Performance of the estimation models built using the function point method innovated by the Common Software Measurement International Consortium (COSMIC) known as COSMIC Function Points, and the one advocated by the International Function Point Users Group (IFPUG) known as IFPUG Function Points, were compared to evaluate the impact of these respective sizing methods on test effort estimation.展开更多
We present old and new results about the size function of a set providing simple and complete proofs using basic tools of general topology. For instance, the decomposition of the size function is given and, under the ...We present old and new results about the size function of a set providing simple and complete proofs using basic tools of general topology. For instance, the decomposition of the size function is given and, under the calmness property of a set, the right continuity of the size function with respect to both arguments is established. Finally, a classification of its points of discontinuity is given.展开更多
The use of functional size measurement(FSM) methods in software development organizations is growing during the years. Also, object oriented(OO) techniques have become quite a standard to design the software and, in p...The use of functional size measurement(FSM) methods in software development organizations is growing during the years. Also, object oriented(OO) techniques have become quite a standard to design the software and, in particular, Use Cases is one of the most used techniques to specify functional requirements. Main FSM methods do not include specific rules to measure the software functionality from its Use Cases analysis. To deal with this issue some other methods like Kramer's functional measurement method have been developed. Therefore, one of the main issues for those organizations willing to use OO functional measurement method in order to facilitate the use cases count procedure is how to convert their portfolio functional size from the previously adopted FSM method towards the new method. The objective of this research is to find a statistical relationship for converting the software functional size units measured by the International Function Point Users Group(IFPUG) function point analysis(FPA) method into Kramer-Smith's use cases points(UCP) method and vice versa. Methodologies for a correct data gathering are proposed and results obtained are analyzed to draw the linear and non-linear equations for this correlation. Finally, a conversion factor and corresponding conversion intervals are given to establish the statistical relationship.展开更多
文摘The International Software Benchmarking and Standards Group (ISBSG) data-base was used to build estimation models for estimating software functional test effort. The analysis of the data revealed three test productivity patterns representing economies or diseconomies of scale and these patterns served as a basis for investigating the characteristics of the corresponding projects. Three groups of projects related to the three different productivity patterns, characterized by domain, team size, elapsed time and rigor of verification and validation carried out during development, were found to be statistically significant. Within each project group, the variations in test effort can be explained, in addition to functional size, by 1) the processes executed during development, and 2) the processes adopted for testing. Portfolios of estimation models were built using combinations of the three independent variables. Performance of the estimation models built using the function point method innovated by the Common Software Measurement International Consortium (COSMIC) known as COSMIC Function Points, and the one advocated by the International Function Point Users Group (IFPUG) known as IFPUG Function Points, were compared to evaluate the impact of these respective sizing methods on test effort estimation.
文摘We present old and new results about the size function of a set providing simple and complete proofs using basic tools of general topology. For instance, the decomposition of the size function is given and, under the calmness property of a set, the right continuity of the size function with respect to both arguments is established. Finally, a classification of its points of discontinuity is given.
文摘The use of functional size measurement(FSM) methods in software development organizations is growing during the years. Also, object oriented(OO) techniques have become quite a standard to design the software and, in particular, Use Cases is one of the most used techniques to specify functional requirements. Main FSM methods do not include specific rules to measure the software functionality from its Use Cases analysis. To deal with this issue some other methods like Kramer's functional measurement method have been developed. Therefore, one of the main issues for those organizations willing to use OO functional measurement method in order to facilitate the use cases count procedure is how to convert their portfolio functional size from the previously adopted FSM method towards the new method. The objective of this research is to find a statistical relationship for converting the software functional size units measured by the International Function Point Users Group(IFPUG) function point analysis(FPA) method into Kramer-Smith's use cases points(UCP) method and vice versa. Methodologies for a correct data gathering are proposed and results obtained are analyzed to draw the linear and non-linear equations for this correlation. Finally, a conversion factor and corresponding conversion intervals are given to establish the statistical relationship.
文摘功能规模度量(Functional Size Measurement,FSM)方法是软件度量的一个重要研究方向。度量组织为了满足不同用户的需求,可以使用FSM的不同方法来度量软件的规模。为了能够同时运用FSM的多种方法进行度量,通过分析FSM的3种常用方法(IFPUG FPA、COSMICFFP和MarkII FPA),提出了功能规模度量统一模型(Unified Model of Functional Size Measure-ment,FSM-UM),并给出了FSM-UM到FSM的3种常用方法的映射规则,最后给出了一个FSM-UM的应用实例。
