Effect of cardiac rehabilitation care after coronary intervention on cardiac function recovery and negative mood in patients with myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease,particularly myocardial infarction(MI)profound impact on patients'quality of life and places a substantial burden on the healthcare and economy systems.Developments in medical technology have led to the emer-gence of coronary intervention as an essential method for treating MI.AIM To assess the effects of cardiac rehabilitation care on cardiac function recovery and negative emotions in MI after coronary intervention.METHODS This study included a total of 180 patients with MI during the period from June 2022 to July 2023.Selected patients were divided into two groups:An observation group,which receiving cardiac rehabilitation care;a control group,which re-ceiving conventional care.By comparing multiple observation indicators such as cardiac function indicators,blood pressure,exercise tolerance,occurrence of adverse cardiac events,and negative emotion scores between the two groups of patients.All the data were analyzed and compared between two groups.RESULTS There were 44 males and 46 females in the observation group with an average age of 36.26±9.88 yr;there were 43 males and 47 females in the control group,with an average age of 40.87±10.5 yr.After receiving the appropriate postoperative nursing measures,the results of the observation group showed significant improvement in several indicators compared with the control group.Indicators of cardiac function,such as left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly better in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Exercise endurance assessment showed that the 6-minute walking test distance was significantly increased in the patients of the observation group(P<0.01).In addition,the incidence of adverse cardiac events was significantly lower in the observation group,and negative mood scores were significantly reduced(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Cardiac rehabilitation care after coronary intervention has a significant positive impact on functional recovery.This emphasizes the importance of cardiac rehabilitation care to improve patient recovery.

Quality of life and functional capacity in patients after cardiac surgery intensive care unit

Coronary heart disease and aortic stenosis are prevalent cardiovascular diseases worldwide,leading to morbidity and mortality.Coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)and surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR)have therapeutic benefits,including improved postoperative quality of life(QoL)and enhanced patient functional capacity which are key indicators of cardiac surgery outcome.In this article,we review the latest studies of QoL outcomes and functional capacity in patients who underwent cardiac surgery.Many standardized instruments are used to evaluate QoL and functional conditions.Preoperative health status,age,length of intensive care unit stay,operative risk,type of procedure,and other pre-,intra-,and postoperative factors affect postoperative QoL.Elderly patients experience impaired physical status soon after cardiac surgery,but it improves in the following period.CABG and SAVR are associated with increases of physical and mental health and functional capacity in the immediate postoperative and the long long-term.Cardiac rehabilitation improves patient functional capacity,QoL,and frailty following cardiac surgery.

Effect of Health Education Program on Self-Efficacy and Functional Capacity of Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Khartoum State-Sudan, 2015-2019

Coronary heart disease is among the most prevalent and costly of all global health problems. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been increasingly used since the 1960s. Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, including Sudan. Self-efficacy and functional capacity is a critical factor for quality of life in patients who has undergone CABG as well as for their caregivers from their families. Aim of the Study: To explore the effects of an educational program on self-efficacy and functional capacity of patients after CABG. 1) There will be no significant difference between the intervention group and control group concerning knowledge regarding Self-efficacy and functional capacity post CABG surgery. 2) The application of our educational program for the patients will enhance the patients with CABG surgery and improve knowledge about Self-efficacy and functional capacity post CABG surgery. 3) There are some socio demographic factors that affect the response to the educational program. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental, interventional and hospital-based study, including pre-test, a post-test and follow-up test, with a control group, conducted during the period from September 2014 to June 2019. Patients were recruited consecutively to the cases and control group using convenience sampling. The sample consisted of 76 patients;41 as cases and 35 as control group. The sample included those who had undergone CABG in Khartoum State. Relevant data were collected using a checklist to monitor the effect of a health education program on self-efficacy and functional capacity of the patients. Result: The results showed marked improvement in patients’ self-efficacy and functional capacity between pretest and posttest for the study group;p-value = (0.001) in the health status of cases in comparison to the control group. The indices were observed to be higher for patients who received a nursing educational program throughout the study period;p-value = (0.002).

RELATIONS OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND BLOOD FLOW IN BRACHIAL ARTERY AND CORONARY ARTERY

Objective:To determine the relations between endothelium-dependent vasodilator function and blood flow in the brachial and coronary arteries in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.Methods:Twenty-eight patients with suspected coronary artery disease underwent brachial artery endothelial function test by using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound before coronary angiography(CAG)and coronary flow reserve(CFR)test by using intracoronary Doppler technique.The correlation of coronary artery dilatation induced by an increase in blood flow after intracoronary adenosine infusion and brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation(FMD) following reactive hyperemia was evaluated.The relation between the change of brachial artery blood flow and CFR was also studied.Results:There was a positive correlation between brachial FMD and percent change of coronary diameter after adenosine infusion(12.50%±9.35% vs 11.38%±7.55%,r=0.425,P=0.02).There was also a weak negative relation between brachial flow change following reactive hy-peremia and CFR(r=-0.397,P=0.04).Conclusion:There is a correlation between the coronary endo-thelial function and the CFR by ultrasonic determination of brachial flow changes following reactive hyperemia.

Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion and Systolic Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery by Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography and Two-dimensional Strain Echocardiography

The clinically applied value of myocardial perfusion and systolic function in patients with coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass surgery using real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography （RT-MCE） combined with two-dimensional strain echocardiography was assessed. Twenty patients underwent intravenous RT-MCE by intravenous injections of SonoVue before and after coronary artery bypass surgery. Two-dimensional images were recorded from the left ventricular four-chamber view, two-chamber view and the apical view before, and two weeks and three months after coronary artery bypass surgery, and the peak systolic longitudinal strain was measured. The results showed that myocardial perfusion was significantly increased after coronary artery bypass surgery in about 71.6% segments. In the group that myocardial perfusion was improved, the peak systolic longitu- dinal strain three months after bypass surgery was significantly higher than that before operation [（-15.78±5.91）% vs （-10.45±8.31）%, P〈0.05]. However, the parameters did not change in the group without myocardial perfusion improvement [（-10.33±6.53）% vs （-9.41±6.09）%, P〉0.05]. It was concluded that whether or not the improvement of myocardial perfusion can mirror the recovery trend of regional systolic function, two-dimensional strain echocardiography can observe dynamic change of regional systolic function. The combination of myocardial perfusion with two-dimensional strain echocardiography can more accurately assess the curative effectiveness of coronary artery bypass surgery.

Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting： which is better in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease？

To evaluate the clinic outcome of off-pump coronary bypass grafting (OPCABG) of patients with coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we collected and analyzed 1998-2002 data on 28 patients with these two diseases who had received off-pump coronary bypass operation in our hospital, and compared with data on those who also had the same two diseases but received on-pump coronary artery bypass at same time. There were no operation-related death;one died of respiratory failure 14 days after operation while staying in hospital; there were more respiratory complications in the conventional coronary artery bypass grafting group (CCABG) than in the OPCABG group; and the PaO2/FiO2 in the CCABG group was higher than that in the OPCABG group during operation because of CPB, but lower than that in the OPCABG group 6-12 hours after operation. OPCABG seemed more suitable than CCABG for coronary artery disease patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to less damage to their oxygen-exchange capability and the fewer respiratory complications.

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease by Cineangiocardiography

Left ventricular diastolic function in 49 subjccts were studiedcineangiographically and compared with relevant indexes of radionuclide angiography(RNA).Normalizcd peak filling rate(NPFR),1/3 filling fraction(FF1/3),lcftventricular compliance in 23 patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)weresignificantly lower than that in normal control group(n=14),and the time to peak fil-ling rate(TPFR)was longer in CAD patients,Hypertension group(n=12)had someslight changes in left ventricular diastolic function.However,50%(6/12)of paticnts inCAD group with normal EF(EF】0.65)had a diminished NPFR also.FF 1/3 ofcineangiography had a good correlation with that of RNA.The results indicated thatdiastolic filling function estimated cinceangiographically might reflcet earlier and more sensi-tive changes than left ventricular systolic function in patients with CAD.FF 1/3 mea-sured by RNA might also be a useful noninvasive index in evaluating diastolic filling fune-tion.

Tei index evaluates left ventricular function changes after on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery

Objective： To compare function recovery of left ventricle after off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass （OPCAB and ONCAB） using Tel index. Methods： Twenty-four patients with coronary artery disease were enrolled, twelve of which received OPCAB and the others underwent ONCAB. Left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）, E/A ratio at mitral orifice and Tel index were measured using transthoracic echocardiography before surgery and 3-7 days, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery. Results：Tel index of both groups decreased 3-7 days after surgery, with OPCAB group＇s lower than ONCAB group＇s. The difference between pre-and post-OPCAB was significant （P〈0.01）, but not for ONCAB group （P〈0.05）. Tel index of ONCAB decreased more significant than that of OPCAB 1 month after surgery, there was statistical difference between 3-7 days and 1 month after surgery in ONCAB （P〈0.01）. Afterwards, Tel index of the 2 groups decreased steadily with no significant difference between them at other time points. LVEF and E/A ratio decreased at first, then increased gradually, with no statistical differences between the 2 groups at all time points. Conclusion： The recovery of left ventricular function after OPCAB is earlier than ONCAB. Tel index is more sensitive than LVEF and E/A ratio in detecting cardiac function recoveries and can be considered as an accurate and simple method to evaluate left ventricular systolic and diastolic function.

Implications of the VerifyNow P2Y12 Assay on Patient Outcomes

Background: The platelet inhibitory response of clopidogrel is substantially variable among patients, and numerous studies have shown that post-percutaneous intervention, patients with high on-treatment platelet reactivity have an increase in risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. No published studies to date have utilized platelet function monitoring assays prior to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, but determination of patients’ antiplatelet effects prior to surgery may decrease time to surgery and length of hospital stay. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of non-elective CABG patients analyzed by the VerifyNow P2Y12 platelet-function monitoring assay prior to surgery compared to a similar set of patients not analyzed by the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay. Methods: This was a retrospective, single center, cohort study. The primary endpoints of this study were time to surgery and length of hospital stay. Results: From March 2013 to July 2013, 60 patient charts were reviewed and included in this study. 49 patients were analyzed by the VerfiyNow P2Y12 assay, and 16 of these patients underwent non-elective CABG surgery. Eleven patients underwent non-elective CABG surgery and were not analyzed by the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay. There was no difference between groups regarding time to surgery (p = 0.75) or length of stay (p = 0.42). Based on the assay’s P2Y12 reaction unit results, 69% of VerifyNow P2Y12 patients went to surgery sooner than the institution’s recommendations which generated more bleeding events, half of which were considered major bleeds. Conclusions: Utilization of the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay prior to non-elective CABG surgery does not shorten time to surgery or overall length of hospital stay. However, insufficient P2Y12 reaction units prior to surgery may lead to more bleeding events, thus the application of platelet function monitoring assays prior to procedures may be beneficial as a bleeding risk-assessment tool.

Quantification of Regional Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease by Strain Rate Imaging

Objectives To detect and compare the systolic strain rate (SR) and strain in the infarct and ischemic myocardium by strain rate imaging (SRI), in order to explore the clinical value of SRI in evaluating regional left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Methods Patients with coronary artery disease were divided into angina pectoris (11 cases) and myocardial infarction (21 cases) groups. Twenty age-matched normal subjects served as the control group. Septal, lateral, anterior, inferior, anteroseptal and posterior walls of the left ventricle were respectively scanned using color tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Then SR and strain curves were derived from TDI for basal, middle and apical segments of each wall. SRI parameters were: Systolic SR (SRsys), systolic strain (εsys) and maximum strain (εmax). Results Compared with normal segments, SRsys, εsys and εmax decreased significantly in the infarct and ischemic segments (P<0.01). Compared with ischemic segments, SRsys, εsys and εmax decreased significantly in the infarct segments (P<0.05). Conclusions SRsys, εsys and εmax measured by SRI can be used to quantitatively analyze regional left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease, and aid in differentiating infarct from ischemic myocardium.

Clinical Efficacy of Recombinant Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction After On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intravenous recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide(rhBNP)in patients with acute myocardial infarction after on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods:40 cases of coronary heart disease,left ventricular ejection fraction<50%and(plasma brain natriuretic peptide in type N terminal)NT-proBNP>300 pg/ml underwent on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups,experimental group of 20 patients after operation on the basis of conventional therapy plus recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide treatment(first loading dose of 1.5μg/kg intravenously,to maintain dose of 0.01μg/kg/min continuous infusion of 72h),20 cases of the control group was given routine treatment,observe two groups of patients before and after treatment of blood pressure,heart rate,urine volume,blood creatinine and NT-proBNP,and to observe the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),echocardiography and the length of time the index.Results:the experimental group after treatment,urine volume,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),cardiac index(CI)was significantly higher than that before treatment,the serum creatinine,plasma N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide(NTproBNP),the content of serum troponin T peptide(cT nT),creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK MB)was significantly lower than before treatment.Conclusion:Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide can improve cardiac and renal function in patients with acute period of acute myocardial infarction underwent coronary artery bypass surgery,shorten the hospitalization time,and it is safe and feasible.

Effects of lornoxicam combining with fentanyl on postoperative arrhythmia and platelet function in patients with coronary artery disease after abdominal surgery

To investigate the effects of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with lornoxicam and fentanyl on arrhythmia and the expression of platelet membrane glycoproteins in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after abdominal surgery.Methods Eighty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients with CAD aged 51～66 yrs weighing 59～68 kg presenting for abdominal surgery participated in this study.CAD was diagnosed by clinical symptoms and ischemic changes on ECG.The patients were premedicated with intramuscular henobarbital 0.1 g and scopolamine 0.3 mg.Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl,droperidol,propofol and vecuronium and maintained with propofol,fentanyl and vecuronium.The patients received PCIA after operation.The PCIA solution contained fentanyl 0.9 mg and droperidol 5 mg in 100 ml of normal saline (N.S.) in group A (n=40) or lornoxicam 56 mg,fentanyl 0.2 mg and droperidol 5 mg in 100 ml N.S. in group B (n=40).In group A the loading dose was fentanyl 0.05 mg and group B lornoxicam 4 mg.PCIA included a background infusion at 2 ml·h -1 and a bolus of 0.5 ml with a 15 min lock-out.VAS(0=no pain,10= worst pain) was used to measure pain intensity.In addition to BP,HR and SpO2 monitoring ECG was continuously monitored with a Holter monitor after operation.Blood samples were taken from peripheral vein before and 6 h after operation and on the 1st,2nd,7th and 8th postoperative days for determination of the expression of CD 62p ,CD 63 and CD 41 /CD 61 on the platelet membrane,platelet count,prothrombin time (PT) thrombin time (TT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT).Results The two groups were comparable with respect to sex,age,body weight,severity of CAD,duration of operation and intraoperative blood loss.The patients received no blood transfusion during operation.There was no significant difference in VAS score,platelet count,PT,TT and PTT between the two groups.The incidence of atrial and ventricular premature beat on ECG and the expression of CD 41 /CD 61 ,CD 62p and CD 63 on the platelet membrane were significantly lower in group B than in group A on the 7th and 8th postoperative days(P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Postoperative PCIA with lornoxicam and fentanyl can more effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative arrhythmia in patients with CAD.Suppression of activation of platelets by lornoxicam may contribute to the mechanism.10 refs,3 tabs.

左房功能对老年缺血性心肌病患者冠脉搭桥术后远期预后的评估价值

目的研究左房功能对老年缺血性心肌病患者冠脉搭桥术后远期预后的评估价值。方法选取2012年1月—2017年1月在阜外医院行冠脉搭桥手术,并术前完善心脏磁共振检查左室射血分数≤35%的老年缺血性心肌病患者131例作为研究对象,中位随访时间63.8个月。根据是否发生主要终点事件(MACE),分为MACE组和无MACE组,比较2组患者基线特征、心脏磁共振参数。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier曲线,生存率比较采用Log-rank检验。采用多变量COX回归分析评估老年缺血性心肌病患者发生主要终点事件的危险因素。结果MACE组最大左房容积指数(LAVmax/BSA)高于无MACE组,左房储存期射血分数(LAEFreservoir)、左房泵血期射血分数(LAEFpump)均低于无MACE组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析结果显示,LAVmax/BSA≥46.72 mL/m 2组和LAEFreservoir<29.94%组无事件生存率较低(P<0.05)。多变量COX回归分析显示,LAEFreservoir[HR 0.964;95%CI(0.94,0.989),P=0.006]与老年缺血性心肌病患者冠脉搭桥术后远期主要终点事件独立相关。结论LAEFreservoir是老年缺血性心肌病患者冠脉搭桥术后远期主要终点事件的独立预测因子。

川崎病小鼠模型的超声心动图评估

目的建立干酪乳杆菌细胞壁成分(LCWE)诱导的川崎病(KD)小鼠模型,利用连续高分辨率小动物心脏超声观察该模型冠状动脉成像及心功能变化,为KD小鼠动物模型的制备及其功能评价提供依据。方法将50只小鼠随机分为两组:模型组(使用LCWE诱导KD小鼠模型,n=30)及对照组(无任何干预,n=20)。两组分别于造模后第15,21,30天使用小动物超声诊断仪测量冠状动脉内径,M型超声记录左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)及左心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)。对照组及造模后第15,21,30天模型组分别处死1只小鼠并取出心脏标本进行病理检查。结果造模后第15,21天模型组超声心动图显示冠状动脉管壁与其周围出现高回声;造模后第30天模型组冠状动脉管壁弥漫性增厚。造模后第21天模型组左右冠状动脉内径均大于对照组(P<0.05);造模后第15和30天模型组左右冠状动脉内径与对照组比较无统计学差异(P<0.05)。造模后第15天模型组LVEDD、LVESD、LVEF及LVFS均低于对照组(P<0.05);造模后第21天模型组LVEF及LVFS低于对照组(P<0.05);造模后第30天模型组LVEDD、LVEF、LVFS低于对照组(P<0.05)。病理结果显示,造模后第15天小鼠心外膜间质水肿,少量淋巴细胞浸润及纤维结缔组织弥漫轻度增生,局部心肌纤维结缔组织增生并伴有固体钙盐沉着;造模后第21天小鼠心外膜局部可见多量淋巴细胞、嗜酸粒细胞、单核细胞浸润;造模后第30天小鼠冠状动脉管壁增厚,弹力纤维不连续,内膜轻度增厚,局部玻璃样变性。结论LCWE诱导KD冠脉损伤与自然病程状态的患儿损伤情况相似,可以用来模拟KD冠状动脉损伤及心功能的变化过程。

血管内超声指导下经皮冠状动脉介入术治疗复杂冠状动脉病变患者的效果

目的:观察血管内超声指导下经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)治疗复杂冠状动脉(冠脉)病变患者的效果。方法:选取2020年1月至2023年2月该院收治的90例复杂冠脉病变患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各45例。对照组采用常规PCI治疗,研究组采用血管内超声指导下PCI治疗,比较两组手术前后心功能指标[左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)和左心室射血分数(LVEF)]水平、血管内皮功能指标[内皮素-1(ET-1)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)]水平、随访3个月的心血管不良事件发生率、手术成功率和随访3个月的冠脉再狭窄率。结果:术后,研究组LVEF水平高于对照组,LVESD和LVEDD水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组ET-1、Hcy水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组心血管不良事件发生率为8.89%(4/45),低于对照组的24.44%(11/45),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组手术成功率高于对照组,冠脉再狭窄率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:血管内超声指导下PCI治疗复杂冠脉病变患者可提高手术成功率,改善心功能指标水平,降低血管内皮功能指标水平、心血管不良事件发生率和冠脉再狭窄率,效果优于常规PCI治疗。

冠状动脉支架对缺血性心肌病心力衰竭患者心功能的影响

目的:分析冠状动脉支架对缺血性心肌病(ICM)心力衰竭(HF)患者心功能的影响。方法:选取2022年1月至2023年12月商丘市第一人民医院收治的ICMHF患者88例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各44例。对照组予以常规药物治疗,观察组在对照组常规药物治疗2周后行冠状动脉支架治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)分级、X线心胸比、心功能指标、运动耐力、不良心血管事件发生情况。结果:观察组患者临床总有效率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者NYHA分级优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.530,P=0.011)。治疗后,观察组患者X线心胸比低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)低于对照组,左心室射血分数(LVEF)、6 min步行距离(6MWD)高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者不良心血管事件总发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:冠状动脉支架治疗ICM HF患者,能够提高心功能,增强治疗效果和运动耐力,减少不良心血管事件的发生。

自动功能成像对无室壁运动异常患者冠状动脉狭窄的预测价值

目的探讨自动功能成像(AFI)预测无室壁运动异常患者冠状动脉狭窄的价值。方法选择2018年7月至2019年9月新乡市中心医院收治的二维超声心动图检查无室壁运动异常且冠状动脉造影(CAG)证实冠状动脉狭窄≥70%的冠状动脉性心脏病患者40例为研究对象,比较AFI与CAG对冠状动脉狭窄≥70%的检出率;以CAG为金标准,评估AFI对冠状动脉狭窄≥70%的预测价值。结果AFI和CAG对冠状动脉狭窄≥70%的检出率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.667,P>0.05)。AFI预测左冠状动脉前降支狭窄≥70%的敏感度为100.0%、特异度为63.6%、阳性预测值为69.2%、阴性预测值为100.0%、准确度为80.0%;预测左冠状动脉回旋支狭窄≥70%的敏感度为56.2%、特异度为91.6%、阳性预测值为81.8%、阴性预测值为75.8%、准确度为77.5%;预测右冠状动脉狭窄≥70%的敏感度为95.6%、特异度为47.0%、阳性预测值为70.9%、阴性预测值为88.0%、准确度为75.0%;预测冠状动脉狭窄≥70%的总体敏感度为85.9%、特异度为69.8%、阳性预测值为72.0%、阴性预测值为84.6%、准确度为77.5%。结论AFI可以为临床早期预测无室壁运动异常患者冠状动脉狭窄≥70%提供一个灵敏、客观、无创、廉价的检查方法。

定量血流分数在冠状动脉狭窄功能学评估中的临床应用进展

评估冠状动脉的生理功能对于冠心病(CAD)患者的诊断和治疗具有重要的临床意义,可以指导治疗决策,改善患者的临床预后。血流储备分数(FFR)是目前公认的评价冠状动脉生理功能的金标准,但FFR的侵入性及操作的复杂性限制了其临床应用。定量流量分数(QFR)是一种基于冠状动脉造影的新型无导丝FFR技术,在评估冠状动脉功能方面与FFR高度一致,具有非侵入、安全、便捷的优点,文章对其临床应用进展进行综述。

高血压合并冠心病患者冠状动脉病变严重程度与肾功能的关系研究

目的探究高血压合并冠心病患者冠状动脉病变严重程度与肾功能的相关性。方法选取2020年2月至2022年7月收治的高血压合并冠心病患者126例作为研究对象,根据冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查结果,将患者分为根据轻度冠状动脉狭窄(n=25)、中度冠状动脉狭窄(n=56)和重度冠状动脉狭窄(n=45),对比3组患者肾小球滤过率(eGFR)。根据美国的肾脏病患者生存质量指导对对象分为3组,分别为肾功能正常组(n=30)和肾功能轻度减低组(n=59)、肾功能中重度减低组(n=37),对比3组患者冠状动脉狭窄程度积分。利用Spearman相关性分析eGFR与冠状动脉狭窄积分、冠状动脉病变范围积分的相关性。将冠状动脉病变数作为因变量,年龄、性别、血脂、eGFR等指标作为自变量,进行采用Logistic回归分析冠状动脉病变的影响因素。结果不同冠状动脉狭窄程度患者性别比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),3组患者eGFR、年龄、吸烟、BMI、空腹血糖、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、尿酸对比具有明显差异(P<0.05)。不同肾功能患者冠状动脉病变范围积分、冠状动脉狭窄程度积分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。eGFR与冠状动脉狭窄积分、冠状动脉病变范围积分呈负相关,(R=-0.656、-0.584,P<0.05)。进行采用Logistic回归分析冠状动脉病变的影响因素,结果表明,年龄、吸烟、eGFR、尿酸是冠状动脉病变的独立影响因素(P<0.05),年龄≥60岁、吸烟、尿酸是独立危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05),eGFR≥90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2)是独立保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论eGFR与冠状动脉病变严重程度呈负相关。

行为转变理论干预对冠心病患者动脉狭窄程度、体征及生活方式和质量影响

目的:探索基于行为转变理论的干预措施对冠心病患者动脉狭窄程度、症状、生命体征、生活方式和生活质量的影响。方法:选择2019年10月~2022年12月我院收治的126例冠心病患者并随机分为对照组、研究组,每组63例。所有患者均给予基础护理,包括用药指导、心理干预等,研究组联合应用基于行为转变理论的干预措施,两组均持续干预3个月。比较两组患者干预前后的动脉狭窄程度、临床症状、体征、生活方式和生活质量。结果:与对照组比较,干预后研究组左室射血分数(LVEF)[(46.84±2.09)%比(52.87±2.44)%]、健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ)[(105.73±8.79)分比(133.05±9.87)分]、生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)[(179.72±4.28)分比(195.02±4.11)分]与西雅图心绞痛量表(SAQ)[(71.16±4.35)分比(88.68±10.82)分]评分均显著升高,左室舒张末容积(LVEDV)[(72.50±3.25)ml比(66.81±3.70)ml]、左室舒张末内径(LVEDd)[(50.76±2.81)mm比(43.48±2.27)mm]和Gensini积分[(28.39±1.64)分比(21.41±2.05)分]均显著降低,P均=0.001。结论:基于行为转变理论干预能够显著改善冠心病患者动脉狭窄程度、临床症状和体征,促进患者健康生活方式的养成,提高生活质量。