Medicinal plants are an important component in Indigenous cultures. <i>Aralia</i><span> <i>nudicaulis</i></span> L., <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i>&l...Medicinal plants are an important component in Indigenous cultures. <i>Aralia</i><span> <i>nudicaulis</i></span> L., <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i></span> L., and <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> Porter were analyzed for total phenolic compounds, carotenoids and antioxidant activity by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power), and ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid). The samples were harvested in Saskatchewan, Canada, with the help of an Indigenous Traditional Knowledge Keeper and the analyses were performed by spectrophotometry. The results showed that total phenolic compounds amount ranged from 0.08 to 0.88 mg GAE/mg d.w. and the total carotenoid contents ranged from 0.03 to 1.26 mg/g d.w. The <i>in</i><span> <i>vitro</i> </span>antioxidant activity ranged from 0.02 to 0.71 μmol TE/mg d.w. by DPPH, from 0.05 to 2.53 μmol TE/mg d.w. by FRAP, and from 0.04 to 1.06 μmol TE/mg d.w. by ABTS. <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> leaves stood out with higher amounts of total phenolic compounds (TPC) (0.88 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g d.w.), carotenoids (TC) (1.26 ± 0.03 mg/g d.w.) and antioxidant activity (TAA) by DPPH (0.71 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.), ABTS (1.06 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.) and FRAP (2.32 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.), with the same amount of <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i></span> belowground (2.53 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.) in last technique (2.32 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.). The first principal component describes 83.88% of the total variance and all the variables have high influence on this component (factor loadings: T = 0.976, TC = 0.735, TAA by DPPH = 0.955, FRAP = 0.894 and ABTS = 0.996), demonstrating that these samples do not have large dissimilarity. The second principal component represents 13.64% of the total variance, and the TC is the dominant variable on the second principal component (0.658). <i>Aralia</i><span> <i>nudicaulis</i></span>, <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i></span>, and <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> had interesting amounts of total phenolic compounds, total carotenoids and <i>in</i><span> <i>vitro</i> </span>antioxidant activity. <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> leaves and <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i></span> have the highest amount of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in this study. <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> leaves are also a good source of carotenoids, and so, they have great potential health benefits and use in industry as a source of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. This study enriches the literature on medicinal plants used by Indigenous people of Saskatchewan and surrounding Canada. More studies are necessary to identify its applications, security and to assess which compounds generate the benefits reported by Traditional Knowledge Keepers.展开更多
Anti-inflammatory activity ofRubus idaeus L. and possible mechanisms involved were explored in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The effects of ethanol extract of R. idaeus on the levels of pro-infla...Anti-inflammatory activity ofRubus idaeus L. and possible mechanisms involved were explored in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The effects of ethanol extract of R. idaeus on the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), as well as pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were studied by Sandwich ELISA, real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis. Moreover, the effects of ethanol extract of R. idaeus on anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) and anti-inflammatory mediator heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were also investigated using the same methods. Furthermore, nuclear factor-gB (NF-κB) level was assayed by immunocytochemistry. The results showed that the production of IL-1β, IL-6, NO, TNF-α and COX-2 in LPS-treated cells could be significantly inhibited (P〈0.01 or P〈0.05) by ethanol extract ofR. idaeus compared with that in the cells treated with LPS only. Meanwhile, the production of NF-r,B was also inhibited by the extract. Based on these results, the anti-inflammatory activity ofR. idaeus was attributed to the down-regulation of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels as well as gene expression of iNOS and COX-2 through the suppression of NF-κB activation, and induction of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL- 10 and anti-inflammatory mediator HO- 1.展开更多
目的 建立红树莓的再生系统 ,短期内获得大量优质种苗。方法 利用红树莓的茎尖和茎段作为外植体 ,采用正交实验设计筛选培养基。结果 筛选出了红树莓愈伤组织、不定芽及不定根的最佳诱导培养基 ,在实验室建立了程序简单、重复性好的...目的 建立红树莓的再生系统 ,短期内获得大量优质种苗。方法 利用红树莓的茎尖和茎段作为外植体 ,采用正交实验设计筛选培养基。结果 筛选出了红树莓愈伤组织、不定芽及不定根的最佳诱导培养基 ,在实验室建立了程序简单、重复性好的再生系统 ,实现了红树莓组培苗的快速繁殖。结论 用 MS培养基作为基本培养基 ,附加 BA 0 .2 m g/ L +NAA 1.0~ 1.5 m g/ L适用于愈伤组织的诱导 ;附加 BA 1mg/ L +NAA 0 .1~ 0 .2 m g/ L +GA36~ 8mg/ L+CH30 0 m g/ L 适于芽的诱导 ;附加 BA1m g/ L+NAA0 .1mg/ L+GA32 m g/ L 适于芽的繁殖 ;附加IBA 0 .1m g/ L +NAA 0 .5 m g/ L适于根的诱导。展开更多
文摘Medicinal plants are an important component in Indigenous cultures. <i>Aralia</i><span> <i>nudicaulis</i></span> L., <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i></span> L., and <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> Porter were analyzed for total phenolic compounds, carotenoids and antioxidant activity by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power), and ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid). The samples were harvested in Saskatchewan, Canada, with the help of an Indigenous Traditional Knowledge Keeper and the analyses were performed by spectrophotometry. The results showed that total phenolic compounds amount ranged from 0.08 to 0.88 mg GAE/mg d.w. and the total carotenoid contents ranged from 0.03 to 1.26 mg/g d.w. The <i>in</i><span> <i>vitro</i> </span>antioxidant activity ranged from 0.02 to 0.71 μmol TE/mg d.w. by DPPH, from 0.05 to 2.53 μmol TE/mg d.w. by FRAP, and from 0.04 to 1.06 μmol TE/mg d.w. by ABTS. <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> leaves stood out with higher amounts of total phenolic compounds (TPC) (0.88 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g d.w.), carotenoids (TC) (1.26 ± 0.03 mg/g d.w.) and antioxidant activity (TAA) by DPPH (0.71 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.), ABTS (1.06 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.) and FRAP (2.32 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.), with the same amount of <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i></span> belowground (2.53 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.) in last technique (2.32 ± 0.01 μmol TE/mg d.w.). The first principal component describes 83.88% of the total variance and all the variables have high influence on this component (factor loadings: T = 0.976, TC = 0.735, TAA by DPPH = 0.955, FRAP = 0.894 and ABTS = 0.996), demonstrating that these samples do not have large dissimilarity. The second principal component represents 13.64% of the total variance, and the TC is the dominant variable on the second principal component (0.658). <i>Aralia</i><span> <i>nudicaulis</i></span>, <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i></span>, and <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> had interesting amounts of total phenolic compounds, total carotenoids and <i>in</i><span> <i>vitro</i> </span>antioxidant activity. <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> leaves and <i>Rubus</i><span> <i>idaeus</i></span> have the highest amount of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in this study. <i>Rosa</i><span> <i>arkansana</i></span> leaves are also a good source of carotenoids, and so, they have great potential health benefits and use in industry as a source of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. This study enriches the literature on medicinal plants used by Indigenous people of Saskatchewan and surrounding Canada. More studies are necessary to identify its applications, security and to assess which compounds generate the benefits reported by Traditional Knowledge Keepers.
文摘Anti-inflammatory activity ofRubus idaeus L. and possible mechanisms involved were explored in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The effects of ethanol extract of R. idaeus on the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), as well as pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were studied by Sandwich ELISA, real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis. Moreover, the effects of ethanol extract of R. idaeus on anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) and anti-inflammatory mediator heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were also investigated using the same methods. Furthermore, nuclear factor-gB (NF-κB) level was assayed by immunocytochemistry. The results showed that the production of IL-1β, IL-6, NO, TNF-α and COX-2 in LPS-treated cells could be significantly inhibited (P〈0.01 or P〈0.05) by ethanol extract ofR. idaeus compared with that in the cells treated with LPS only. Meanwhile, the production of NF-r,B was also inhibited by the extract. Based on these results, the anti-inflammatory activity ofR. idaeus was attributed to the down-regulation of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels as well as gene expression of iNOS and COX-2 through the suppression of NF-κB activation, and induction of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL- 10 and anti-inflammatory mediator HO- 1.
文摘目的 建立红树莓的再生系统 ,短期内获得大量优质种苗。方法 利用红树莓的茎尖和茎段作为外植体 ,采用正交实验设计筛选培养基。结果 筛选出了红树莓愈伤组织、不定芽及不定根的最佳诱导培养基 ,在实验室建立了程序简单、重复性好的再生系统 ,实现了红树莓组培苗的快速繁殖。结论 用 MS培养基作为基本培养基 ,附加 BA 0 .2 m g/ L +NAA 1.0~ 1.5 m g/ L适用于愈伤组织的诱导 ;附加 BA 1mg/ L +NAA 0 .1~ 0 .2 m g/ L +GA36~ 8mg/ L+CH30 0 m g/ L 适于芽的诱导 ;附加 BA1m g/ L+NAA0 .1mg/ L+GA32 m g/ L 适于芽的繁殖 ;附加IBA 0 .1m g/ L +NAA 0 .5 m g/ L适于根的诱导。