Bacillus strains isolated from the rhizosphere soil of potato roots were evaluated for the potential antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens in vitro and in vivo. Two bacterial isolates were identified as new B...Bacillus strains isolated from the rhizosphere soil of potato roots were evaluated for the potential antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens in vitro and in vivo. Two bacterial isolates were identified as new Bacillus subtilis strains by 16S rRNA and GyrB gene sequencing and were designated GM2 and GM5, respectively. Strains were characterized by their ability to inhibit growth of a number of phytopathogenic fungi. It was shown that GM5 strain inhibited growth of phytopathogenic fungi more effectively than GM2 strain. Both strains were capable of producing a number of hydrolytic enzymes as well as antimicrobial metabolites (ammonia and HCN). In addition, GM2 strain also produced siderophores. Four genes encoding antimicrobial peptides were identified in the genome of GM2 strain: ituC, bmyB, bacA and srfA. Genome of GM5 contained two genes encoding for antimicrobial peptides, srfA and fenD. Purified lipopeptide fraction from GM5 but not from GM2 strain was able to control Fusarium solani spread in the plate assay. Furthermore, Bacillus subtilis strain GM2 promoted growth of wheat but only GM5 strain was able to protect wheat seedlings from Fusarium oxysporum infection.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The objective of this study is </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The objective of this study is </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">o isolate, identify and investigate the pharmacological activities of the</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> endophytic fungi from an aquatic plant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aponogeton undulatus </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Roxb. (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A. undulatus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Endophytic fungi were isolated and identified based on morphological characters.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The molecular identification of the fungal isolates was performed</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">using by analyzing the DNA sequence based on mega BLAST program. Spectrums of antibacterial and antifungal activities </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were studied by Agar diffusion methods. Extracts of the endophytic funga</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">l strains isolated from the plant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A. undulatus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were screened for probable cytotoxic activities using brine shrimp </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lethality bioassay. Six</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">endophytic fungi, namely AULE-1, AULE-2, AULE-3,</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">AURE-1, AURE-3</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and AURE-4</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were isolated and purified from the leaves</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and roots of the plant such as strains AULE-1 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichooderma </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sp., AULE-2 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Carvularia </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sp. AULE-3 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Penicillium </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sp. strains AURE-1 and AURE-4 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fusarium </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sp. and AURE-3 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mucor</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> sp. Strain AURE-4 was further identified as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fusarium</span></i></span></span></span><span><span><i><span style="font-family:""> </span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">solani. </span></i></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">At 300 μg/disc concentration, six ethyl acetate extracts of endophytic fungi of the plant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A. undulates </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">showed moderate to significant </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">activities against most of the test bacteria and pathogenic fungi. The strain</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> AURE-4 exhibited strong cytotoxic activities (10.18 μg/mL) compared to the standard antitumor agent vincristine sulphate</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and this positive result suggests that fungal extracts may contain antitumor or pesticidal compounds. This is the first study to report the isolation, identification,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of endophytic fungi of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aponogeton undulatus </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Roxb. in Bangladesh.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
文摘Bacillus strains isolated from the rhizosphere soil of potato roots were evaluated for the potential antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens in vitro and in vivo. Two bacterial isolates were identified as new Bacillus subtilis strains by 16S rRNA and GyrB gene sequencing and were designated GM2 and GM5, respectively. Strains were characterized by their ability to inhibit growth of a number of phytopathogenic fungi. It was shown that GM5 strain inhibited growth of phytopathogenic fungi more effectively than GM2 strain. Both strains were capable of producing a number of hydrolytic enzymes as well as antimicrobial metabolites (ammonia and HCN). In addition, GM2 strain also produced siderophores. Four genes encoding antimicrobial peptides were identified in the genome of GM2 strain: ituC, bmyB, bacA and srfA. Genome of GM5 contained two genes encoding for antimicrobial peptides, srfA and fenD. Purified lipopeptide fraction from GM5 but not from GM2 strain was able to control Fusarium solani spread in the plate assay. Furthermore, Bacillus subtilis strain GM2 promoted growth of wheat but only GM5 strain was able to protect wheat seedlings from Fusarium oxysporum infection.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The objective of this study is </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">o isolate, identify and investigate the pharmacological activities of the</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> endophytic fungi from an aquatic plant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aponogeton undulatus </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Roxb. (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A. undulatus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Endophytic fungi were isolated and identified based on morphological characters.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The molecular identification of the fungal isolates was performed</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">using by analyzing the DNA sequence based on mega BLAST program. Spectrums of antibacterial and antifungal activities </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were studied by Agar diffusion methods. Extracts of the endophytic funga</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">l strains isolated from the plant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A. undulatus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were screened for probable cytotoxic activities using brine shrimp </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lethality bioassay. Six</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">endophytic fungi, namely AULE-1, AULE-2, AULE-3,</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">AURE-1, AURE-3</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and AURE-4</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were isolated and purified from the leaves</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and roots of the plant such as strains AULE-1 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichooderma </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sp., AULE-2 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Carvularia </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sp. AULE-3 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Penicillium </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sp. strains AURE-1 and AURE-4 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fusarium </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sp. and AURE-3 as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mucor</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> sp. Strain AURE-4 was further identified as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fusarium</span></i></span></span></span><span><span><i><span style="font-family:""> </span></i></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">solani. </span></i></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">At 300 μg/disc concentration, six ethyl acetate extracts of endophytic fungi of the plant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A. undulates </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">showed moderate to significant </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">activities against most of the test bacteria and pathogenic fungi. The strain</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> AURE-4 exhibited strong cytotoxic activities (10.18 μg/mL) compared to the standard antitumor agent vincristine sulphate</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and this positive result suggests that fungal extracts may contain antitumor or pesticidal compounds. This is the first study to report the isolation, identification,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of endophytic fungi of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aponogeton undulatus </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Roxb. in Bangladesh.</span></span></span></span>