This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current status, advancements, and future prospects of humanoid robots, highlighting their significance in driving the evolution of next-generation industries. By analy...This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current status, advancements, and future prospects of humanoid robots, highlighting their significance in driving the evolution of next-generation industries. By analyzing various research endeavors and key technologies, encompassing ontology structure,control and decision-making, and perception and interaction, a holistic overview of the current state of humanoid robot research is presented. Furthermore, emerging challenges in the field are identified, emphasizing the necessity for a deeper understanding of biological motion mechanisms, improved structural design,enhanced material applications, advanced drive and control methods, and efficient energy utilization. The integration of bionics, brain-inspired intelligence, mechanics, and control is underscored as a promising direction for the development of advanced humanoid robotic systems. This paper serves as an invaluable resource, offering insightful guidance to researchers in the field,while contributing to the ongoing evolution and potential of humanoid robots across diverse domains.展开更多
Plants must cope with a variety of environmental stresses.Most types of abiotic stresses,such as drought,salinity,flooding,heat and cold stress,disrupt the metabolic balance of cells,resulting in the enhanced producti...Plants must cope with a variety of environmental stresses.Most types of abiotic stresses,such as drought,salinity,flooding,heat and cold stress,disrupt the metabolic balance of cells,resulting in the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).While being well-known as a toxic by-product,recent studies about ROS focus on their roles as signaling molecules.It has been reported that ROS functions in plant cell proliferation and cell expansion,root展开更多
JIPB＇s 2013 Editorial Board Meeting ReportOn July 4th, 2013, JIPB＇s Board Meeting was held in Lijiang, a scenic town in the Yunnan Province, China. The Board Meeting coincided with the 2013 International Symposium o...JIPB＇s 2013 Editorial Board Meeting ReportOn July 4th, 2013, JIPB＇s Board Meeting was held in Lijiang, a scenic town in the Yunnan Province, China. The Board Meeting coincided with the 2013 International Symposium on Integrative Plant Biology （July 5 to 7, 2013）, which was also organized by JIPB （Figures 1, 2）. The board meeting runs once in every two years. In total 37 editorial board members from 10 counties attended the meeting.展开更多
Q: Auto Industry Bureau (AIB) of MMI has organized 3 international PSEs in 1994, 1995 and 1996 successively. Would you please give a comment to them? What influences would these PSEs impose to the development of China...Q: Auto Industry Bureau (AIB) of MMI has organized 3 international PSEs in 1994, 1995 and 1996 successively. Would you please give a comment to them? What influences would these PSEs impose to the development of China auto industry? Is AIB going to sponsor another PSE again next year? If yes, what will be the theme of that PSE?展开更多
The nitrogen(N2)-to-ammonia(NH3)fixation driven by renewable energy has an attractive prospect to relieve the global warming and reduce the consumption of fossil fuels.Ideally,photocatalytic,electrochemical,and photoe...The nitrogen(N2)-to-ammonia(NH3)fixation driven by renewable energy has an attractive prospect to relieve the global warming and reduce the consumption of fossil fuels.Ideally,photocatalytic,electrochemical,and photoelectrochemical approaches are developed as the next-generation NH3 synthesis technologies to substitute the Haber–Bosch method.However,the NH3 yield rate of nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)by green approaches is extremely low,resulting in the current dilemma of NRR and contamination issues.Thus,in this mini review,the past advances on the sustainable NRR are briefly summarized in the three aspects as follows:the selectivity and adjustment of various catalysts,the type of electrolyte/solvent system,and the investigation of reaction conditions.Subsequently,the recent critical activities in the area of sustainable NH3 synthesis are analyzed and discussed deeply,and a perspective for rational and healthy development of this area is provided positively。展开更多
Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 1% of the older population. Histopathologically, PD is characterized by a severe loss of dopaminergic neurons in the...Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 1% of the older population. Histopathologically, PD is characterized by a severe loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and cytoplasmic inclusions composed of insoluble protein aggregates （Lewy bodies）, which lead to a pro- gressive movement disorder including the classic triad of tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity.展开更多
Most of the human diseases are complex diseases,which could be caused by many genetic pathways.This means that for a given phenotype(i.e.,a complex disease),there are multiple potential genes which could be genomicall...Most of the human diseases are complex diseases,which could be caused by many genetic pathways.This means that for a given phenotype(i.e.,a complex disease),there are multiple potential genes which could be genomically or epigenetically changed(i.e.,mutations,copy number variations,epigenetic modifications,and so on).Therefore,it is understandable that different individuals who share the same phenotype/diseases may have different causal genes and thus,may have different drug targets.For example,mutated genes are rarely common between the cancer patients of the same cancer type[1];furthermore,for a given drug,only 10%-30% of the patients展开更多
Pavement and mix design represent one of the key components within the life cycle of a road infrastructure, with links to political, economic, technical, societal and environmental issues. Recent researches related to...Pavement and mix design represent one of the key components within the life cycle of a road infrastructure, with links to political, economic, technical, societal and environmental issues. Recent researches related to the characteristics of materials and associated behavior models both for materials and pavement, made it appropriate to consider updating current pavement design methods, and especially in the USA this has already been in process while in Europe uses of the methods developed in the early 1970s. Thus, this paper firstly presents a brief historical overview of pavement design methods, high- lighting early limitations of old empirical methods. Afterwards, French, UK and Shell methods currently in use in Europe will be presented, undeHining their main components in terms of methodology, traffic, climatic conditions and subgrade. The asphalt mix design and modeling in Europe are presented with their inclusion in the pavement design methods. Finally, the main challenges for the development of a European pavement design method are presented as well as the recent research developments that can be used for that method.展开更多
Due to its fascinating and tunable optoelectronic properties,semiconductor nanomaterials are the best choices for multidisciplinary applications.Particularly,the use of semiconductor photocatalysts is one of the promi...Due to its fascinating and tunable optoelectronic properties,semiconductor nanomaterials are the best choices for multidisciplinary applications.Particularly,the use of semiconductor photocatalysts is one of the promising ways to harness solar energy for useful applications in the field of energy and environment.In recent years,metal oxide-based tailored semiconductor photocatalysts have extensively been used for photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into fuels and other useful products utilizing solar energy.This is very significant not only from renewable energy consumption but also from reducing global warming point of view.Such current research activities are promising for a better future of society.The present mini-review is focused on recent developments(2–3 years)in metal oxide semiconductor hybrid photocatalysts-based photo-electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)into fuels and other useful products.First,general mechanism of photo-electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)into fuels or other useful products has been discussed.Then,various metal oxide-based emerging hybrid photocatalysts including tailoring of their morphological,compositional,and optoelectronic properties have been discussed with emphasis on their role in enhancing photoelectrochemical efficienty.Afterwards,mechanism of their photo-electrochemical reactions and applications in CO_(2)conversion into fuels/other useful products have been discussed.Finally,challenges and future prospects have been discussed followed by a summary.展开更多
Molecular biology covers a wide scope of problems related to molecular and cell biology including structural and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, bio- informatics, and biomedicines. Molecular biology ...Molecular biology covers a wide scope of problems related to molecular and cell biology including structural and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, bio- informatics, and biomedicines. Molecular biology is the study of molecular underpinnings of the processes of replication, transcription, translation, and cell function. The central dogma of molecular biology where genetic material is transcribed into RNA and then translated into proteins, despite being oversimplified, still provides a good starting point for understanding the field. The picture has been revised in light of emerging novel roles for RNA. Increasingly many other areas of biology focus on molecules, either directly or indirectly studying the interactions in their own right. The techniques and methods of molecular biology, such as molecular cloning, polymerase chain reaction, gel electrophoresis, macromolecule blotting and probing, microarray and so on, have been applied in biomedicine and herbal medicines.展开更多
Pervez Musharraf began his five-year term as Pakistan’s civilian president on November 29.In an article for Beijing Review,he pledges to build a"new Pakistan"
As unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)deploy-ment is shifting from military to civilian sectors,and in particular as a means of facilitating more flexible and versatile wireless communications,the UAV channels that were pre...As unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)deploy-ment is shifting from military to civilian sectors,and in particular as a means of facilitating more flexible and versatile wireless communications,the UAV channels that were previously not well understood are attracting increasing research and investigation.As the key component facilitating the UAV-aided communications,UAV channel characteristics and modeling are of critical importance to the designed UAV system to achieve satisfactory performance.In this article,we will provide a comprehensive overview and the future perspective of envisioned UAV communication system benefits,the existing and needed UAV channel measurements and modeling approaches,together with the new viewpoint of UAV channel applications in different communication and networking layers.Both existing work and future directions are extensively covered.展开更多
Constructed wetlands(CWs)have been introduced to and developed in China for environmental engineering over the most prosperous three decades(1990–2020).To study the origin,development process,and future trend of CWs,...Constructed wetlands(CWs)have been introduced to and developed in China for environmental engineering over the most prosperous three decades(1990–2020).To study the origin,development process,and future trend of CWs,this review summarized a wide range of literatures between 1990 and 2020 by Chinese authors.Firstly,the publication number over years,research highlights,and the author contributions with the most published papers in this field were conducted through bibliometric analysis.Secondly,the most principal components of CWs,substrates and macrophytes were summarized and analyzed.Thirdly,the typical application cases from traditional CWs,pond systems to combined pond-wetland systems were presented.In China,CWs were predominately distributed in the east of the so-called'Hu Huanyong Line'.Therefore CWs were limited by the socio-economic level and climatic conditions.It is unquestionable that the overall level of China's CWs has improved significantly,and one of the most prominent features has started towards the plural pattern development.There has been a trend of large-scale or low-cost CW application in the recent years.However,lifecycle research and management are required for better strategies in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62303457,U21A20482)Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M733737)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3303800)。
文摘This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current status, advancements, and future prospects of humanoid robots, highlighting their significance in driving the evolution of next-generation industries. By analyzing various research endeavors and key technologies, encompassing ontology structure,control and decision-making, and perception and interaction, a holistic overview of the current state of humanoid robot research is presented. Furthermore, emerging challenges in the field are identified, emphasizing the necessity for a deeper understanding of biological motion mechanisms, improved structural design,enhanced material applications, advanced drive and control methods, and efficient energy utilization. The integration of bionics, brain-inspired intelligence, mechanics, and control is underscored as a promising direction for the development of advanced humanoid robotic systems. This paper serves as an invaluable resource, offering insightful guidance to researchers in the field,while contributing to the ongoing evolution and potential of humanoid robots across diverse domains.
文摘Plants must cope with a variety of environmental stresses.Most types of abiotic stresses,such as drought,salinity,flooding,heat and cold stress,disrupt the metabolic balance of cells,resulting in the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).While being well-known as a toxic by-product,recent studies about ROS focus on their roles as signaling molecules.It has been reported that ROS functions in plant cell proliferation and cell expansion,root
文摘JIPB＇s 2013 Editorial Board Meeting ReportOn July 4th, 2013, JIPB＇s Board Meeting was held in Lijiang, a scenic town in the Yunnan Province, China. The Board Meeting coincided with the 2013 International Symposium on Integrative Plant Biology （July 5 to 7, 2013）, which was also organized by JIPB （Figures 1, 2）. The board meeting runs once in every two years. In total 37 editorial board members from 10 counties attended the meeting.
文摘Q: Auto Industry Bureau (AIB) of MMI has organized 3 international PSEs in 1994, 1995 and 1996 successively. Would you please give a comment to them? What influences would these PSEs impose to the development of China auto industry? Is AIB going to sponsor another PSE again next year? If yes, what will be the theme of that PSE?
基金The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51402100,21573066,21825201,22075075,21805080,and U19A2017)the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hunan(2016JJ1006,2020JJ5044,and 2016TP1009)Australian Research Council(DP180100568 and DP180100731)for financial support of this research.
文摘The nitrogen(N2)-to-ammonia(NH3)fixation driven by renewable energy has an attractive prospect to relieve the global warming and reduce the consumption of fossil fuels.Ideally,photocatalytic,electrochemical,and photoelectrochemical approaches are developed as the next-generation NH3 synthesis technologies to substitute the Haber–Bosch method.However,the NH3 yield rate of nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)by green approaches is extremely low,resulting in the current dilemma of NRR and contamination issues.Thus,in this mini review,the past advances on the sustainable NRR are briefly summarized in the three aspects as follows:the selectivity and adjustment of various catalysts,the type of electrolyte/solvent system,and the investigation of reaction conditions.Subsequently,the recent critical activities in the area of sustainable NH3 synthesis are analyzed and discussed deeply,and a perspective for rational and healthy development of this area is provided positively。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81430021 and 81370470)
文摘Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 1% of the older population. Histopathologically, PD is characterized by a severe loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and cytoplasmic inclusions composed of insoluble protein aggregates （Lewy bodies）, which lead to a pro- gressive movement disorder including the classic triad of tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity.
文摘Most of the human diseases are complex diseases,which could be caused by many genetic pathways.This means that for a given phenotype(i.e.,a complex disease),there are multiple potential genes which could be genomically or epigenetically changed(i.e.,mutations,copy number variations,epigenetic modifications,and so on).Therefore,it is understandable that different individuals who share the same phenotype/diseases may have different causal genes and thus,may have different drug targets.For example,mutated genes are rarely common between the cancer patients of the same cancer type[1];furthermore,for a given drug,only 10%-30% of the patients
基金the support of Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (FCT) through scholarship SFRH/BSAB/114415/ 2016
文摘Pavement and mix design represent one of the key components within the life cycle of a road infrastructure, with links to political, economic, technical, societal and environmental issues. Recent researches related to the characteristics of materials and associated behavior models both for materials and pavement, made it appropriate to consider updating current pavement design methods, and especially in the USA this has already been in process while in Europe uses of the methods developed in the early 1970s. Thus, this paper firstly presents a brief historical overview of pavement design methods, high- lighting early limitations of old empirical methods. Afterwards, French, UK and Shell methods currently in use in Europe will be presented, undeHining their main components in terms of methodology, traffic, climatic conditions and subgrade. The asphalt mix design and modeling in Europe are presented with their inclusion in the pavement design methods. Finally, the main challenges for the development of a European pavement design method are presented as well as the recent research developments that can be used for that method.
基金supported financially by Department of Science and Techanology,India,Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS),andÉcole de Technologie Supérieure(ÉTS),the Marcelle-Gauvreau Engineering Research Chair program。
文摘Due to its fascinating and tunable optoelectronic properties,semiconductor nanomaterials are the best choices for multidisciplinary applications.Particularly,the use of semiconductor photocatalysts is one of the promising ways to harness solar energy for useful applications in the field of energy and environment.In recent years,metal oxide-based tailored semiconductor photocatalysts have extensively been used for photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into fuels and other useful products utilizing solar energy.This is very significant not only from renewable energy consumption but also from reducing global warming point of view.Such current research activities are promising for a better future of society.The present mini-review is focused on recent developments(2–3 years)in metal oxide semiconductor hybrid photocatalysts-based photo-electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)into fuels and other useful products.First,general mechanism of photo-electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)into fuels or other useful products has been discussed.Then,various metal oxide-based emerging hybrid photocatalysts including tailoring of their morphological,compositional,and optoelectronic properties have been discussed with emphasis on their role in enhancing photoelectrochemical efficienty.Afterwards,mechanism of their photo-electrochemical reactions and applications in CO_(2)conversion into fuels/other useful products have been discussed.Finally,challenges and future prospects have been discussed followed by a summary.
文摘Molecular biology covers a wide scope of problems related to molecular and cell biology including structural and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, bio- informatics, and biomedicines. Molecular biology is the study of molecular underpinnings of the processes of replication, transcription, translation, and cell function. The central dogma of molecular biology where genetic material is transcribed into RNA and then translated into proteins, despite being oversimplified, still provides a good starting point for understanding the field. The picture has been revised in light of emerging novel roles for RNA. Increasingly many other areas of biology focus on molecules, either directly or indirectly studying the interactions in their own right. The techniques and methods of molecular biology, such as molecular cloning, polymerase chain reaction, gel electrophoresis, macromolecule blotting and probing, microarray and so on, have been applied in biomedicine and herbal medicines.
文摘Pervez Musharraf began his five-year term as Pakistan’s civilian president on November 29.In an article for Beijing Review,he pledges to build a"new Pakistan"
基金supported by the Ministry National Key Research and Development Project under Grant 2017YFE0121400the National Science and Technology Major Project under Grant 2018ZX03001031+3 种基金Shenzhen Fundamental Research Fund under Grant No.JCYJ20170411102217994Guangdong province under grant No.2017ZT07X152the Open Research Fund from Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data under Grant No.2019ORF01006the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61622101 and 61571020.
文摘As unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)deploy-ment is shifting from military to civilian sectors,and in particular as a means of facilitating more flexible and versatile wireless communications,the UAV channels that were previously not well understood are attracting increasing research and investigation.As the key component facilitating the UAV-aided communications,UAV channel characteristics and modeling are of critical importance to the designed UAV system to achieve satisfactory performance.In this article,we will provide a comprehensive overview and the future perspective of envisioned UAV communication system benefits,the existing and needed UAV channel measurements and modeling approaches,together with the new viewpoint of UAV channel applications in different communication and networking layers.Both existing work and future directions are extensively covered.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41877471,41877368)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2017059)+2 种基金National Science and Technology Major Project for Water Pollution Control and Treatment(No.2017ZX07201004-002)National Key R&D Program(No.2017YFD0801301)the special fund from the State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control(No.20L03ESPC)。
文摘Constructed wetlands(CWs)have been introduced to and developed in China for environmental engineering over the most prosperous three decades(1990–2020).To study the origin,development process,and future trend of CWs,this review summarized a wide range of literatures between 1990 and 2020 by Chinese authors.Firstly,the publication number over years,research highlights,and the author contributions with the most published papers in this field were conducted through bibliometric analysis.Secondly,the most principal components of CWs,substrates and macrophytes were summarized and analyzed.Thirdly,the typical application cases from traditional CWs,pond systems to combined pond-wetland systems were presented.In China,CWs were predominately distributed in the east of the so-called'Hu Huanyong Line'.Therefore CWs were limited by the socio-economic level and climatic conditions.It is unquestionable that the overall level of China's CWs has improved significantly,and one of the most prominent features has started towards the plural pattern development.There has been a trend of large-scale or low-cost CW application in the recent years.However,lifecycle research and management are required for better strategies in the future.
