Research progress on synergetic effects of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)and Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis)/Gualou(Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim)

The compatibility of Chinese herbs is the focus and the difficulty in traditional Chinese medicine research,and it has an important guiding role for clinical medicine.Some scholars believe that the Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata,FZ)compatibility with Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis,TBM)/Gualou(Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim,GL)does not meet the Chinese medicine theory of“eighteen incompatibilities”.However,this combination has been used many times in many clinical medications.This study reviewed the research progress of pharmacological effects of FZ,and FZ compatibility with TBM/GL,in order to correctly understand and apply the“eighteen incompatibilities”drugs,and provide a reference for further exploration of the combined application in clinical treatment.

Synergetic effects of aqueous extracts of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) and Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis) on MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cells

OBJECTIVE: To test the synergistic effects of the aqueous extract of Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis) and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) on MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells.METHODS: A combined index was created for the effects of Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis) and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) extracts. Cell proliferation was performed by trypan blue exclusion and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3- carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium(MTS) assays. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Cell migration was determined by wound-healing and transwell assays. Confocal microscopy was used to detect E-cadherin and actin filaments.RESULTS: The aqueous extract from Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis) and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) exerted synergetic effects on the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells and G1 phase arrest.When exposed to extracts at concentrations of 62.5∶62.5 and 62.5∶31.3 μg/m L, the combination index was 0.83 and 0.74, respectively. Interestingly, 62.5∶31.3 μg/m L of combined drugs enhanced the inhibitory effect of Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis)on the migration of SKBR3 cells and reduced the stimulative effect of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)(P < 0.01), in which cells showed an increased expression of E-cadherin and reorganization of actin filaments(P < 0.001). 62.5∶62.5 μg/m L extract also synergistically induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells(P < 0.05 and P < 0.001). Acting as the main active ingredients in the extract, tubeimoside I and acetylbenzoylaconine at 10∶10 μg/m L and 5∶2.5 μg/m L also produced inhibitory effects on the proliferation and migration of cells(P <0.01).CONCLUSION: Tubeimu(Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis)and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) extracts had synergic effects on MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cells.

Efficacy of Renshen(Radix Ginseng) plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) on myocardial infarction by enhancing autophagy in rats

OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the protective effects of Renshen(Radix Ginseng)and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)on myocardial infarction(MI)through regulating myocardial autophagy.METHODS:Thirty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups(n=6 or 7 for each).After treatment for 3 weeks,electrocardiogram(ECG)and cardiac function were recorded.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was used to detect pathological changes in the heart.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect serum B-type brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),cardiac troponin T(c Tn T),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and serum inflammatory cytokines.Metabolomic analysis was used to identify differential biomarkers of MI in rats.Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to detect BNP,cTnT,TNF-α,LC3B,Beclin-1,p62,and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase(AMPK)expression in cardiac tissue.RESULTS:Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)alone or Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)markedly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and abnormal ECGs,demonstrated by decreases in the heart weight/body weight ratio,BNP,and c Tn T.Pro-inflammation cytokine interleukin(IL)-1αsignificantly decreased and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 significantly increased in Renshen(Radix Ginseng)single or Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)groups compared with the control group.HE results suggested that co-treatment produced a greater reduction in cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area than Renshen(Radix Ginseng)or Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)alone.Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)reversed these changes to different degrees in MI rats.Furthermore,Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)down-regulated LC3 B,Beclin-1,and AMPK expression in cardiac tissue and upregulated p62 expression.CONCLUSIONS:Renshen(Radix Ginseng)plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)may have a greater effect on heart injury induced by MI in rats than Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)treatment alone,and the underlying mechanism may be associated with the regulation of myocardial autophagy and anti-inflammation effects.These results provide fresh insight into the mechanism of co-treatment with Renshen(Radix Ginseng)and Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)for MI.

Relationship between cardiotonic activity of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata)and its fingerprint determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between the cardiotonic activity of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata,RALP)and its fingerprint determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).METHODS:First,the fingerprints of six processed products of RALP were established by high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-Q-TOF-MS)followed by analysis of the principal component of the relative peak area of its common peaks.Next,the scores of the first five principal components were used as input for an artificial neural network(ANN).Additionally,the therapeutic effect of RALP was assessed by measuring the hemodynamic indexes of heart failure model rats.Subsequently,fluorescence semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit were used to determine the effects of RALP-processed products on the serum levels of noradrenaline(NA),angiotensin-Ⅰ(Ang-Ⅰ),and the expression ofβ-norepinephrine receptor m RNA(β-NRm)in the rat cardiac tissues.P<0.05 was used as the output of the ANN.Finally,a network was constructed to display the relationship between the LC-MS fingerprints and the cardiotonic activity of the RALP-processed products.RESULTS:Several types of RALPs can improve diastolic function,systolic function and heart rate.On the basis of the findings from the principal component analysis(PCA)of 16 common peaks of fingerprints of six RALP-processed products,it was revealed that the first five principal components may include 100%of the information of the original data.As observed from the multilayer perceptron neural network analysis,principal component 4 presented with the strongest effects on serum levels of NA and Ang-Ⅰin rats,while principal component1 exerted the greatest effect onβ-NRm expression in cardiac tissue.CONCLUSION:The key findings obtained from this study indicated that the network constructed by the PCA-ANN may predict pharmacodynamic effects of the main ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).This method may serve as a new approach to identify the relationship between LC-MS fingerprints and the pharmacodynamic effects of TCM ingredients.

Effects of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata and Rhizoma Zingiberis on Energy Metabolism and Expression of the Genes Related to Metabolism in Rats

Objective： To study the influence of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis, two species of Chinese medicinal herbs with hot property, on energy metabolism and gene expression spectrum, and to analyze the possible mechanism of their effects. Methods： Forty-eight specific pathogen free Wistar rats were randomly divided into a Radix aconiti lateralis preparata group, a Rhizoma zingiberis group, and a control group. They were intragastrically treated with concentrated decoction of Radix aconiti lateralis preparata, Rhizoma zingiberis and normal saline respectively for 20 days. Toe temperature （TT）, energy intake （El）, digestible energy （DE）, and metabolizable energy （ME） were measured. The content of adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and energy charge （EC） in hepatic tissue were measured with high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The activity of ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase （SDH） in the liver were detected with chemical colorimetry. The gene expression in the liver was detected with Illumina＇s rat Ref-12 gene array. The differential expression genes were selected, annotated and classified based on Gene Ontology （GO）. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR （Q-RT-PCR） was used to test the accuracy of results. Results： Compared with the control group, the -I-r on the 10^th day after the beginning of administration and ATP in the Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis groups increased significantly （P〈0.05）. El/body mass （BM）, DE/BM, ME/BM, the hepatic EC and the activity of Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase, Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase and SDH of liver increased significantly only in the Radix aconiti lateralis preparata group （P〈0.05）. There were 592 differential expression genes in the Radix aconiti/ateralis preparata group and 1 159 in the Rhizoma zingiberis group compared with the control group. Among the differential expression genes, genes related to metabolic processes were the most significant based on GO analysis. There were 337 strips of gene differential expression in common in both Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis groups compared with the control group. Conclusions： Herbs with hot property such as Radix aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma zingiberis could improve the energy metabolism in rats, through influencing the metabolic process of sugar, lipid, and amino acid. It could also promote the production, storage, and utilization of energy by regulating the gene expression related to metabolism, which may be the main molecular mechanism of warming yang and dispelling cold for the treatment of the cold syndrome according to Chinese medicine theory.

Inhibitory effect of Sumu(Lignum Sappan) plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata) on a lung carcinoma model

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of Sumu(Lignum Sappan) plus Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata)(SF) on the growth and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma.METHODS: A lung carcinoma model was established by subcutaneously inoculating Lewis lung carcinoma cells into C57 BL/6 mice. The mice were randomly divided into four groups of 13 mice(control, low-dose, moderate-dose, and high-dose), and gavaged once-daily for 21 consecutive days. The rates of tumor inhibition, metastasis, and metastasis inhibition were observed. The differential expressions of s P-selectin and vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGFC) were compared between the treatment groups and the control group.RESULTS: The tumor weights differed significantly between the treatment groups and the control group(P < 0.05). Administration of SF in the moderate-dosage and low-dose groups significantly inhibited the expression of s P-selectin and VEGFC(both P < 0.05), suggesting anti-tumor activity.CONCLUSION: SF can inhibit the growth and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma.

附子及其药对治疗慢性心力衰竭研究进展

慢性心力衰竭(CHF)是多种心血管疾病的终末阶段。中医认为CHF多属本虚标实,病机关键是心肾阳虚。心气虚日久累及心阳,心阳虚贯穿整个病理过程;辨证可分为阳虚血瘀证、阳虚水泛证、心肾阳虚证、阳气虚脱证;治则重在益气温阳。附子为温阳要药,药性刚燥,走而不守,上助心阳以通脉,故在使用温阳法治疗CHF时,多取附子,回阳救逆,常配伍人参、黄芪、干姜、桂枝、甘草等增强补阳功效。本文查阅近年相关文献,重点综述附子及其常用药对治疗CHF的临床应用及机制研究进展,并分析现代医家治疗CHF的临证经验,以期为中医临床治疗CHF提供指导和帮助。

Comparative study of anti-inflammatory effects of different processed products through the COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway: based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Background:Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata(Fu-zi)is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb,which has been widely used in the clinic and has potent anti-inflammatory activities.we aimed to explore the mechanisms of extract containing alkaloids from different Fu-zi Processed Products(FPP)in treating inflammation,especially rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Firstly,using network pharmacology technology,the ingredients,and targets of Fu-zi were obtained by searching and screening,the targets involving RA were acquired,the intersection targets were constructed a"component-target-pathway"network.A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the anti-rheumatoid arthritis mechanisms of 5 FPPs in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced RAW264.7 cells,which serve as a model for RA.The production of NO and inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA kit.Quantitative Real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)was utilized to measure the mRNA levels.COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway-associated proteins were determined by western blot.Results:According to a network pharmacological study,16 chemical components and 43 common targets were found in Fu-zi and 6 key targets including PTGS2 were closely related to the mechanism of Fu-zi in treating RA.The in vitro study revealed that the levels of NO,TNF-α,and IL-1βwere substantially decreased by the 5 FPPs.The 5 FPPs significantly suppressed the expression of proteins COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB,with particularly notable effects observed for PFZ and XFZ.Conclusion:Altogether,these results demonstrated that the 5 PPS containing alkaloids have a good anti-RA-related inflammatory effect,and the mechanism may be related to COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway,particularly,Fu-zi prepared utilizing a traditional Chinese technique.

基于网络药理学和体外实验探讨附子-干姜抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤的作用机制

运用网络药理学方法探讨附子-干姜(Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata-Zingiberis Rhizoma,AZ)抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤(myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,MI/RI)的潜在机制。通过中药系统药理数据库TCMSP筛选AZ的活性成分;Disgenet数据库获得MI/RI靶点;STITCH数据库获得蛋白互作;用DAVID数据库获得GO功能富集与KEGG信号通路并利用Cytoscape 3.8.0进行绘图;细胞实验验证网络药理学预测的结果。结果共获得AZ活性成分16个、治疗靶点171个;作图分析发现AKT1、IL6、TNF为潜在靶点;GO富集分析发现AZ可能通过凋亡、炎症、血管舒张发挥治疗作用;KEGG分析发现AZ可能通过PI3K-AKT信号通路、TNF信号通路、HIF信号通路发挥治疗作用;体外研究发AZ可使缺氧复氧损伤的大鼠血管内皮细胞存活率提高、降低凋亡率、氧化损伤;提高HIF-α、VEGF、eNOS蛋白的表达。附子-干姜激活HIF/VEGF/eNOS信号通路,降低血管内皮细胞氧化损伤、凋亡率发挥抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤的作用。

基于全程质量控制理念的附子饮片标准化体系研究与构建

以实施国家中药标准化项目为契机,结合中药产业自身特点和发展现状,通过基于全程质量控制理念的附子饮片标准化建设研究,制定并验证了从种子种苗、种根繁育到药材生产、饮片生产、追溯系统等覆盖全产业链关键环节的附子技术规程和标准,实现附子饮片“从田地到医院”的全产业链无缝对接。构建了高标准的附子饮片全产业链质量管理体系,实现毒性中药附子产量和质量的稳定,为附子规范化生产起到良好的示范作用,从而推动中药产业发展的规范化、标准化,引导行业的良性健康发展。

破格救心汤在心血管疾病中的应用与研究进展

通过文献阅读与整理,对破格救心汤在心血管疾病中的应用与研究进行了总结。破格救心汤具有扶正固脱、回阳救逆之效,在正确的煎煮和合理的配伍下是安全的。破格救心汤能通过改善心功能、心肌代谢和微循环障碍来减缓急慢性心脏衰竭、肺源性心脏病、心源性休克、心脏骤停和脓毒症心肌病等急危重症的病情,提高临床疗效和治愈率,也为心血管急危重症疾病的救治提供新的思路与依据。

附子多糖的提取、纯化及药理活性研究进展

附子是中国传统中药材,具有“回阳救逆,补火助阳,逐风寒湿邪”等功效。附子含有多种化合物,包括生物碱、多糖、黄酮、芳香酸等,主要具有强心、抗心律失常、抗炎镇痛、提高免疫力、抗肿瘤和抗衰老等作用。目前附子药效物质基础相关研究主要集中在生物碱成分,而对多糖等其他成分研究相对薄弱。附子多糖(Fuzi polysaccharide, FPS)作为附子的天然活性成分之一,具有促进免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖等多种功效,有较高的研究价值。通过查阅文献,对附子多糖的组成、提取纯化工艺、药理作用及作用机制研究展开综述。附子多糖提取方法主要有水提取法、超声提取法和酶辅助提取法,应用Sevag法、三氯乙酸沉淀法(TCA法)和鞣酸法进一步纯化,目前已分离鉴定出9种不同单糖,但没有诸如单糖的连接点类型、单糖和糖苷键的构型等方面的具体讨论,相关药理作用机制也有待进一步探讨。提出当前存在的问题及今后的研究方向和产品发展趋势,以期为附子成分多元化应用提供参考和借鉴。

大剂量附子不同水平临床使用研究进展

目的梳理大剂量附子的临床应用情况,为附子临床应用提供参考。方法以《中华人民共和国药典》(2020年版)中附子用量3~15 g为标准,通过查阅学术文献对超药典剂量使用附子的情况进行梳理,从毒理学研究、古方应用考究、现代临床应用等方面,再从不同剂量层次及其应用辩证实例等角度,讨论不同时期多种剂量范围附子对不同病症的治疗方法。结果大剂量使用附子具有特殊功效。不同时期、不同病症对附子的使用剂量区别较大,文献中30~200 g,甚至200 g以上均有记载,多数在30~60 g;使用时必须炮制或以水煎使用,超过《中华人民共和国药典》(2020年版)3~15 g的规定范围,使用的医学名家往往采用配伍减毒、炮制减毒等多种手段减少其毒性。结论大剂量附子配伍使用报道较多,对多种疾病的治疗效果显著,但在临床使用时仍需辩证使用附子以保证用药安全。

附子不同配伍药对中生物碱成分的电喷雾质谱分析

以传统中医用药附子的配伍药对为研究对象,考察附子与不同中药配伍对附子中生物碱的影响规律,揭示配伍减毒的科学内涵。利用电喷雾质谱技术和内标法,分别对生附子,生附子加炙甘草、白芍、干姜、大黄共煎液和药渣中乌头类生物碱进行系统考察。与生附子相比,双酯型生物碱在附子加炙甘草、大黄、白芍、干姜共煎液中的含量降低;附子加炙甘草、白芍、干姜共煎液中的脂型生物碱含量增高。附子与炙甘草、白芍、干姜配伍的解毒机制是使毒性较大的双酯型生物碱转化为毒性小的脂型生物碱;与大黄配伍的解毒机制是药物所含成分与附子中的双酯型生物碱络合生成难溶于水的复合物,使双酯型生物碱的含量降低。本法对深入研究乌头属植物的配伍作用机制具有借鉴作用。

附子煎煮与配伍应用中乌头类生物碱含量的变化及意义

目的:对比研究水浴和微波加热条件下附子中乌头类生物碱的水解规律,检测与不同中药配伍煎煮后附子中乌头类生物碱的含量变化。方法:分别以水煎煮和微波加热的方法提取附子药材,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分别对其中的3种双酯型生物碱及其水解产物进行含量测定;同时检测与不同中药配伍煎煮后,附子中乌头类生物碱减少程度的差异。结果:附子水煎煮30min后,中乌头碱和次乌头碱的含量分别变为峰值的10.5%和41.9%,乌头碱完全检测不到;附子微波加热150s后中乌头碱、乌头碱和次乌头碱含量分别为峰值的59.2%、41.4%和86.6%。与生附子单煎煮比较,生附子与大黄、干姜或甘草共煎后,乌头类生物碱总含量均明显下降,分别降至附子单煎煮时的52.8%、66.2%和53.4%;与人参或白芍共煎煮后略有下降,分别为附子单煎煮时的79.5%和83.7%。结论:附子中乌头类生物碱在水煎煮和微波加热过程中有不同的水解规律;生附子与大黄、干姜、甘草、人参或白芍共煎后乌头类生物碱含量均有下降。

附子人参有效组分配伍对阿霉素致慢性心衰大鼠血流动力学的影响及其机制研究

目的观察附子人参有效组分不同比例配伍对阿霉素(ADR)诱导的慢性心力衰竭大鼠血流动力学的影响,探讨其对心力衰竭的保护机制。方法采用腹腔注射ADR方法建立慢性心力衰竭大鼠模型。附子人参有效组分按2∶1,1∶1,1∶2每天灌胃,末次给药后,用16导生理记录仪记录血流动力学指标;称重法检测心肌肥厚指数;ELISA法检测大鼠血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)和血管紧张素Ⅱ受体1(At1)含量;实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)法检测心肌组织中At1m RNA的表达。结果与模型组比较,附子人参有效组分配伍各组均可明显改善ADR所致的慢性心衰大鼠的血流动力学异常;附子人参2∶1组可明显降低ADR诱导的慢性心衰大鼠心肌肥厚指数的异常升高;也可显著改善慢性心衰大鼠血浆AngⅡ和At1的异常升高,而且能显著升高心肌中At1m RNA的表达。结论附子人参有效组分2∶1配伍可能通过拮抗神经内分泌系统的过度激活,抑制心肌肥厚,从而阻断心肌重构,达到改善ADR所致的慢性心力衰竭的作用。

附子干姜配伍温阳通脉作用的实验研究

目的观察附子、干姜配伍的温阳通脉作用。方法采用腹腔注射氢化可地松复制大鼠阳虚模型,观察附子、干姜配伍对阳虚大鼠体重和体温的影响;采用活体微循环观测技术,观察附子、干姜配伍对正常小鼠耳廓微循环及局部滴加肾上腺素(Adr)所致微循环障碍的影响。结果附子、干姜配伍能提高阳虚大鼠体重、体温,明显扩张小鼠耳廓微血管,增加血流速度,对抗Adr所致微循环障碍。结论附子、干姜配伍具有温阳通脉的作用。

人参附子不同比例配伍对小鼠急性毒性的影响

[目的]考察人参附子不同比例配伍对小鼠急性毒性的影响,旨在从毒性角度考察人参附子配伍是否减毒。[方法]运用均匀设计和固定附子剂量与人参不同配比两种方法考察人参附子不同比例配伍对小鼠急性毒性的影响。[结果]均匀设计实验的研究结果表明,随着附子给药剂量的增多,小鼠的死亡率呈上升趋势,且随着人参对附子的比例增大减毒作用呈现增大趋势。固定附子LD50与人参不同配比的减毒作用研究结果表明,人参与附子配伍的减毒作用在一定范围内随着人参剂量的增加而增加,尤其在人参∶附子为1∶1及大于1∶1时更明显。[结论]人参附子配比1∶1为人参附子配伍减毒作用的分界点,可作为临床用药的参考依据。

液相色谱-质谱法研究附子生物碱的煎煮减毒机理

建立了基于液相色谱-质谱分析的附子中生物碱指纹分析方法,并将其应用于附子煎煮减毒的机理研究。基于质谱特征鉴定了生物碱标准品在加热回流过程中产生的6种降解产物,确定了双酯型生物碱的煎煮条件降解规律。在此基础上研究了附子饮片煎煮不同时间条件下生物碱的指纹变化,结果表明,长时间煎煮可明显降低双酯型生物碱和生物脂碱的浓度,为附子的安全用药提供了科学依据。

基于UPLC/Q-TOF-MS分析附子煎煮过程中化学成分的变化

目的:利用超高效液相-四级杆-飞行时间串联质谱技术(ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry,UPLC/Q-TOF-MS)分析附子随煎煮时间延长其生物碱含量的变化,从中药化学角度为附子炮制、含附子中药复方制备工艺等提供科学依据。方法:基于UPLC/Q-TOF-MS建立附子不同时间点水煎液的化学指纹图谱,通过主成分分析和偏最小二乘判别法分析附子随煎煮时间生物碱类成分的含量变化。结果:乌头碱、中乌头碱、次乌头碱等毒性较大的双酯型二萜类生物碱,在煎煮2～10min后含量较高,而苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱、苯甲酰中乌头原碱等毒性较小的单酯型二萜类生物碱的含量在煎煮60min内是趋于增加的,随后其含量趋于稳定。结论:临床使用附子应根据适应证选择适宜的煎煮时间,避免煎煮不足导致中毒,或煎煮太过影响疗效。以双酯型二萜类生物碱为主要药效成分时,附子制备时间最好在30min内;以单酯型二萜类生物碱为主要药效成分时,附子制备时间最好在60min内。