Diffraction of plane SV waves by a cavity in poroelastic half-space

This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane SV waves by a 2-D cavity in a poroelastic half-space.The Green＇s functions of compressive and shear wave sources are derived based on Biot＇s theory. The scattered waves are constructed using fictitious wave sources close to the boundary of the cavity, and their magnitudes are determined by the boundary conditions. Verification of the accuracy is performed by： （1） checking the satisfaction extent of the boundary conditions, （2） comparing the degenerated solutions of a single-phased case with well- known solutions, and （3） examining the numerical stability of the solutions. The nature of diffraction of plane SV waves around a cavity in a poroelastic half-space is investigated by numerical examples.

Diffraction of plane P waves by a canyon of arbitrary shape in poroelastic half-space (Ⅰ): Formulation

This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane P waves by a two-dimensional canyon of arbitrary shape in poroelastic half-space. The Green＇s functions of compressional and shear wave sources in poroelastic half-space are derived based on Biot＇s theory. The scattered waves are constructed using the fictitious wave sources close to the boundary of the canyon, and magnitude of the fictitious wave sources are determined by the boundary conditions. The precision of the method is verified by the satisfaction extent of boundary conditions, the comparison between the degenerated solutions of single-phased half-space and the well-known solutions, and the numerical stability of the method.

Diffraction of SH-waves by topographic features in a layered transversely isotropic half-space

Abstract： The scattering of plane SH-waves by topographic features in a layered transversely isotropic （TI） half-space is investigated by using an indirect boundary element method （IBEM）. Firstly, the anti-plane dynamic stiffness matrix of the layered TI half-space is established and the free fields are solved by using the direct stiffness method. Then, Green＇s functions are derived for uniformly distributed loads acting on an inclined line in a layered TI half-space and the scattered fields are constructed with the deduced Green＇s functions. Finally, the free fields are added to the scattered ones to obtain the global dynamic responses. The method is verified by comparing results with the published isotropic ones. Both the steady-state and transient dynamic responses are evaluated and discussed. Numerical results in the frequency domain show that surface motions for the TI media can be significantly different from those for the isotropic case, which are strongly dependent on the anisotropy property, incident angle and incident frequency. Results in the time domain show that the material anisotropy has important effects on the maximum duration and maximum amplitudes of the time histories.

Research of Point Diffraction Interferometer for the Measurement of Laser Beam

Laser beam measurement using point diffraction interferometer（PDI） is studied by modeling and the factors that influence the measurement accuracy are investigated.First,zernike polynomial is used to fit aberrated wavefront and the behavior of pinhole＇s diffraction with different aberrated wavefront is analysed.The following essential work on the PDI sensor is to get balance between intensity of the spherical reference wave and test wave.Then the optimum parameters for the model are obtained：wavelength of laser is 1 024 nm;pinhole＇s diameter is 2 μm;size of the focus spot is 20 μm;if gold（Au） is chosen as layer on film,its thickness should be 0.05 μm.The optimization results are only suited to the current PDI system,but the method presented is applicable to other configurations of high-accuracy PDI design.

Some Methods of Solution of Problems of Sound Diffraction on Bodies of Non-Analytical Form

This review analyzes following numerical methods of a solution of problems of a sound diffraction on ideal and elastic scatterers of a non-analytical form: a method of integral equations, a method of Green’s functions, a method of finite elements, a boundary elements method, a method of Kupradze, a T-matrix method and a method of a geometrical theory of a diffraction.

S波段低磁场紧凑型相对论磁控管设计

针对高功率微波器件的低磁场小型化发展需求,设计了工作在S波段的低磁场紧凑型相对论磁控管,建立了三维仿真模型。设计衍射输出结构,输出模式为TE_(11)模。在圆波导中TE_(11)模具有最小的截止半径,因此选取TE_(11)模输出比高阶模输出具有更小的波导半径。分析了磁控管的输出性能随磁场、输出波导半径和倾斜角的变化规律。在磁场0.34 T、电压352 kV条件下,模拟仿真结果显示磁控管输出功率达到567 MW,功率转换效率为62.5%,在频率为2.37 GHz时波导半径仅为77.5 mm。

S Zorb吸附剂中锌铝尖晶石形成原因的研究

锌铝尖晶石的生成是导致S Zorb吸附剂活性下降和碎化的重要原因之一。采用XRD、原位XRD和27 Al MAS-NMR手段研究了S Zorb吸附剂中锌铝尖晶石形成的原因。结果表明,S Zorb吸附剂中不同的铝源与ZnO共存时形成锌铝尖晶石的倾向性有很大差异,含无定型Al2O3的铝源与ZnO更容易形成锌铝尖晶石。再生过程中焙烧温度的控制对锌铝尖晶石的形成也有重要的影响,随再生温度的提高,锌铝尖晶石的生成速率加快。

S Zorb吸附剂Rietveld物相定量方法研究

S Zorb技术是生产低硫清洁汽油的核心技术之一,在装置工业运行过程中发现吸附剂失活快、剂耗高等问题。为了研究吸附剂失活原因,并为国产剂的开发提供支持,利用X射线衍射(XRD)表征S Zorb工业装置中吸附剂的新鲜剂、待生剂和再生剂的晶体结构,探讨吸附剂物相变化规律,结果表明非活性锌类尖晶石的生成是导致吸附剂失活的主要因素。针对不同剂型的S Zorb吸附剂分别建立了Rietveld相定量方法,表征不同形态吸附剂晶相和非晶相物质的质量分数,并利用XRF方法表征吸附剂化学组成,进一步验证了Rietveld相定量法的准确性,利用29Si NMR表征吸附剂中Si元素的化学环境,验证Rietveld相定量法对无定型SiO2定量结果的准确性。Rietveld相定量法可广泛应用于S Zorb工业装置运行情况监控以及新剂的研究开发。

Effects of PVP K30 on Aqueous Solubility and Dissolution Propertiesof Daidzein

AimTo study effects of PVP K30 on the aque ou s solubility and dissolution properties of daidzein. Methods To measure the aqueous solubility and dissolution rates of daidzein in three diffe rent states (within solid dispersions, physical mixtures and as a pure drug) and investigate drug-polymer interactions in the solid state using X-ray powder d iffraction and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Results The negative values of the Gibbs free energy and enthalpy of transfer explaine d the spontaneous transfer of daidzein from phosphate buffer solution (PBS) to a solution of PVP in PBS. X-ray powder diffraction patterns showed that the drug was in the amorphous state (ratio of the drug ∶ PVP<1∶5) when dispers ed i n PVP K30. The infrared spectra indicated there exist interactions between the O H of daidzein and the C=O of PVP K30. Conclusionthe dispersion of daidzein in PVP K30 considerably enhances the solubility and dissolution rat e.

S Zorb吸附剂中硅酸锌的生成条件

硅酸锌(Zn2SiO4)的生成是导致S Zorb吸附剂活性下降和碎化的重要原因之一。在530℃干燥焙烧和水热条件下,采用原位XRD技术考察了不同运行阶段吸附剂生成硅酸锌的情况;根据装置运行过程中吸附剂的再生工况,采用常压和加压的高通量水热焙烧炉对S Zorb吸附剂进行长时间的水热焙烧,考察硅酸锌的生成状况。结果表明,在干燥焙烧条件下,新鲜S Zorb吸附剂不容易生成硅酸锌,而再生剂则会生成硅酸锌,且少量硅酸锌的存在会加快其中硅酸锌的生成速率;在水热条件下,新鲜吸附剂焙烧约40h后开始产生硅酸锌,但生成速率明显小于再生剂的;水热条件下再生剂中硅酸锌的生成速率明显高于干燥焙烧条件;水热加压条件将促进水蒸气在吸附剂中的扩散,并提高硅酸锌的生成速率。

福建紫金山铜金矿床中的完整Cu-S体系矿物

在电子探针微区化学成分分析的基础上,结合X射线粉末衍射分析,对福建紫金山铜金矿床中的Cu-S体系矿物进行了化学成分和晶体结构特征的研究。结果在该矿床中发现较完整的Cu-S体系矿物系列,包括铜蓝、雅硫铜矿、斯硫铜矿、吉硫铜矿、斜方蓝辉铜矿、蓝辉铜矿、久辉铜矿和辉铜矿。此外,利用粉末X射线衍射数据,计算了铜蓝、斜方蓝辉铜矿、蓝辉铜矿、久辉铜矿、辉铜矿等五种矿物的晶胞参数。基于系统矿物学的研究,建立了紫金山铜金矿床Cu-S体系完整矿物的结晶与变化序列,该工作在国内尚属首次,同时也丰富了Cu-S体系矿物基础矿物学研究的资料。

1,5-二甲基-2-(S)-(1′-苯基乙基)-2-氮杂-8-氧杂-双环[3.3.0]辛烷-3,7-二酮的合成及其结构表征

利用 2 ,3 丁二酮与丙二腈缩合形成双甲基双氰基环并内酰胺 ,经酸性水解得到双甲基环并内酯 ,然后和 (S) ( -) ( 1 苯基乙基 )胺反应生成 1,5 二甲基 2 (S) ( 1′ 苯基乙基 ) 2 氮杂 8 氧杂 -双环 [3 .3 .0 ]辛烷 3 ,7 二酮 ,通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱对其结构进行了表征 .用X射线单晶衍射法测定了目标产物的晶体结构 ,结果表明 ,晶体属单斜晶系 ,P2 1 空间群 ,a =0 8777( 18)nm ,b =1 0 10 2 ( 2 )nm ,c =0 90 0 9( 18)nm ,β =118 75 ( 3 )° ,V =0 70 0 3 ( 2 )nm3 ,Dc=1 2 96g·cm-3 ,μ =0 0 89mm-1 ,F( 0 0 0 ) =2 92 ,Z =2 ,R1 =0 0 3 93 ,wR2 =0 0 95 5 .

预测规则波浪中船舶运动和载荷的频域三维计算机程序

The development of an in-house computer program for determining the motions and loads of advancing ships through sea waves in the frequency domain,is described in this paper.The code is based on the potential flow formulation and originates from a double-body code enhanced with the regular part of the velocity potential computed using the pulsing source Green function.The code is fully developed in C++language with extensive use of the object-oriented paradigm.The code is capable of estimating the excitation and inertial radiation loads or arbitrary incoming wave frequencies and incidence angles.The hydrodynamic responses such as hydrodynamic coefficients,ship motions,the vertical shear force and the vertical bending moment are estimated.A benchmark container ship and an LNG carrier are selected for testing and validating the computer code.The obtained results are compared with the available experimental data which demonstrate the acceptable compliance for the zero speed whereas there are some discrepancies over the range of frequencies for the advancing ship in different heading angles.

NSRL衍射和散射站在蛋白质晶体学的应用

介绍了国家同步辐射实验室X射线衍射和散射光束线实验站用于生物大分子晶体学的主要设备,利用硫的单波长反常散射法(S-SAD,Sulfur-Single wavelength Anomalous Dispersion)解决蛋白质晶体三维结构,测试结果表明,NSRL(National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory)X射线衍射与散射实验站能够满足单波长反常散射实验测定蛋白质晶体结构的实验要求。

PLS-XRD快速测量S Zorb再生剂中尖晶石含量

为快速测定S Zorb再生剂中非活性含锌尖晶石物相(硅锌矿和锌铝尖晶石)的含量,首次运用偏最小二乘(PLS)化学计量学的方法,将XRD谱图信息与Rietveld物相定量方法获得的物相含量数据相关联,建立了针对SZorb再生剂中含锌尖晶石物相的定量校正模型,优化了影响模型质量的参数如谱图预处理方法和特征衍射峰的选取,并用未知样品验证了模型的准确性。此方法解决了利用Rietveld方法进行S Zorb吸附剂定量谱图解析时耗时较长、且依赖专家经验的问题,有助于及时监测装置运行过程中吸附剂的活性变化,进而保障工业装置平稳运行。

Illite Crystallinity Mapping of Very Low Grade Metamorphism of Triassic Metapelites in the Zoigê Area,Western China

X-ray diffraction methods for estimating the metamorphic grade of diagenetic, anchizone and epizone in metapelites are reviewed and applied to samples from a 7000 m＋ borehole in western China and surface samples from the surrounding Zoige area. Kiibler＇s illite crystallinity （IC） measurements provide more consistent results than calculated values of percentage of illite in the I/S mixed layers and percentage of I/S mixed layers. Down-borehole IC values display a typical burial metamorphic relationship between stratigraphic level and IC. A method for preparing very low grade metamorphic maps is described, and isograds plotted on a regional geological map at selected values of IC, delineating a high temperature diagenetic zone, an anchizone, and an epizone. The map shows that IC values are controlled by stratigraphic level in the north of the study area （i.e. burial metamorphism）, and proximity to an igneous intrusive body in the south （i.e. contact metamorphism）.

透明介质中单缝Fraunhofer′s衍射条纹的变化

研究Ｆｒａｕｎｈｏｆｅｒ′ｓ衍射装置由空气移至水或其它透明介质中衍射条纹间距的变化．在考虑到介质中光波波长会发生变化的同时，兼顾介质中透镜焦距的变化，从而进一步计算衍射条纹的间距，得出更符合事实的结论．

Modelling Wave Transmission and Overtopping Based on Energy Balance Equation

Wave transmission and overtopping around nearshore breakwaters can have significant influence on the transmitted wave parameters,which affects wave conditions and sediment transportation and becomes the focus of design in engineering.The objective of this paper is to present a simplified model to estimate these important wave parameters.This paper describes the incorporation of wave transmission and overtopping module into a wave model for multi-directional random wave transformation based on energy balance equation with the consideration of wave shoaling,refraction,diffraction,reflection and breaking.Wen's frequency spectrum and non-linear dispersion relation are also included in this model.The influence of wave parameters of transmitted waves through a smooth submerged breakwater has been considered in this model with an improved description of the transmitted wave spectrum of van der Meer et al.(2000) by Carevic et al.(2013).This improved wave model has been validated through available laboratory experiments.Then the verified model is applied to investigate the effect of wave transmission and overtopping on wave heights behind low-crested breakwaters in a project for nearshore area.Numerical calculations are carried out with and without consideration of the wave transmission and overtopping,and comparison of them indicates that there is a considerable difference in wave height and thus it is important to include wave transmission and overtopping in modelling nearshore wave field with the presence of low-crested breakwaters.Therefore,this model can provide a general estimate of the desired wave field parameters,which is adequate for engineers at the preliminary design stage of low-crested breakwaters.

添加Al_2O_3对Ce_(0.8)Sm_(0.2)O_(1.9)固体电解质烧结行为和性能的影响

通过凝胶浇注法制备了Al2O3掺杂0～3%(按质量计)的Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9(samarium doped ceria,SDC)粉体.对所得粉体的相组成和粒度等进行了测定.粉体经模压成形,生坯在1 350～1 450℃烧结5 h,制成Al2O3-SDC固体电解质材料,对该材料样品的密度、微结构、电导率及抗弯强度等进行了测试分析.试验结果表明:掺入适量的Al2O3,所得Al2O3-SDC粉体具有良好的烧结性能,并能使Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9粉体保持立方萤石结构,其烧结样品具有较高电导率,并且力学性能明显提高.未添加和添加1.0%Al2O3的SDC材料在600℃的电导率分别为0.28 S/cm和0.030 S/cm;室温抗弯强度分别为89.3 MPa和109.7 MPa.

N-叔丁基(4aS,8aS)-十氢异喹啉-3(S)-甲酰胺的合成及结构表征

以L-苯丙氨酸为原料制备N-叔丁基-1,2,3,4四-氢异喹啉-3(S)甲-酰胺(T ICC),后者经铑/氧化铝催化加氢制备N-叔丁基(4aS,8aS)十-氢异喹啉-3(S)甲-酰胺(DH IQ)。1H-NMR、M S确定产物的化学结构;GC-M S分析产物中的异构体;单晶X射线衍射确定DH IQ的绝对构型;旋光度的测定表明DH IQ产物的光学纯度达到了98%。