Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects ...Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.展开更多
In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic indiv...In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the C677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the COBAS C311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous C677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.展开更多
Tors are mound-like rock landforms,resistant to erosion,that may sometimes reach the size of several storeys of house by volume.They may develop in different climate regions and different rock types,led by granitic ro...Tors are mound-like rock landforms,resistant to erosion,that may sometimes reach the size of several storeys of house by volume.They may develop in different climate regions and different rock types,led by granitic rocks.In this study,tors developed in granitic rocks around Yaylal?village linked to Kürtün county in Gümü?hane were investigated.The study area is located in the eastern part of the Giresun mountain range in northeastern Turkey,2000-2300 m above sea level.The aim of the study is to determine the natural environmental characteristics in tor formation and to reveal the effect of bedrock on tor formation.During field studies,18 tors were selected by noting location,size and structural features,and dimensions were measured.Thin sections were first made from the rock samples taken from the tors and then the mineralogical composition was investigated by modal analysis method.As a result of this analysis,it was determined that the bedrock forming the tors is granite.During the field observations,it was determined that the intersecting vertical joints supported the formation of castle-like tors,while the horizontal joints supported the formation of pita pileshaped tors.There are also pseudokarstic shapes resembling kamenitza and karst pavement.In conclusion,joint sets causing local resistance differences directed the formation of tors,while excess slope affected surface erosion and suitability of climate conditions-controlled weathering rate.展开更多
't Hooft-Veltman Wilson dimensional regularization depends crucially upon Borel summability which entails strong links to the modern mathematical theory of transfinite sets and consequently to the fractal-Cantoria...'t Hooft-Veltman Wilson dimensional regularization depends crucially upon Borel summability which entails strong links to the modern mathematical theory of transfinite sets and consequently to the fractal-Cantorian spacetime proposal of Ord-Nottale-El Naschie. Starting from the above, we interpret the main step of the mathematical analysis in terms of elementary particles interaction. Thus 't Hooft-Veltman “perturbation” parameter which measures the deviation of the regulated space from the four dimensionality of spacetime is interpreted as an elementary particle with a topological mass charge equal to 0.18033989, i.e. double the magnitude of Hardy’s quantum entanglement. In turn, Hardy’s quantum entanglement which may be interpreted geometrically as a consequence of the zero set embedded in an empty set could also be interpreted as an exchange of pseudo elementary particles with a topological mass charge equal to Hardy’s entanglement where is the Hausdorff dimension of the zero set of the corresponding 't Hooft-Veltman spacetime.展开更多
We utilize two different theories to prove that cosmic dark energy density is the complimentary Legendre transformation of ordinary energy and vice versa as given by E(dark) = mc2 (21/22) and E(ordinary) = mc2/22. The...We utilize two different theories to prove that cosmic dark energy density is the complimentary Legendre transformation of ordinary energy and vice versa as given by E(dark) = mc2 (21/22) and E(ordinary) = mc2/22. The first theory used is based on G ‘t Hooft’s remarkably simple renormalization procedure in which a neat mathematical maneuver is introduced via the dimensionality of our four dimensional spacetime. Thus, ‘t Hooft used instead of D = 4 and then took at the end of an intricate and subtle computation the limit to obtain the result while avoiding various problems including the pole singularity at D = 4. Here and in contradistinction to the classical form of dimensional and renormalization we set and do not take the limit where and is the theoretically and experimentally well established Hardy’s generic quantum entanglement. At the end we see that the dark energy density is simply the ratio of and the smooth disentangled D = 4, i.e. (dark) = (4 -k)/4 = 3.8196011/4 = 0.9549150275. Consequently where we have ignored the fine structure details by rounding 21 + k to 21 and 22 + k to 22 in a manner not that much different from of the original form of dimensional regularization theory. The result is subsequently validated by another equally ingenious approach due mainly to E. Witten and his school of topological quantum field theory. We notice that in that theory the local degrees of freedom are zero. Therefore, we are dealing essentially with pure gravity where are the degrees of freedom and is the corresponding dimension. The results and the conclusion of the paper are summarized in Figure 1-3, Table 1 and Flow Chart 1.展开更多
We study the 't Hooft coupling gt and the mass splitting of the ground-state baryons in terms of the large Noinspired quark model, by which the Hartree wavefunctions of light quarks are obtained. By fitting the spect...We study the 't Hooft coupling gt and the mass splitting of the ground-state baryons in terms of the large Noinspired quark model, by which the Hartree wavefunctions of light quarks are obtained. By fitting the spectra of decuplet and octet baryons, we obtain the 't Hooft coupling gt to be around 1.57. We generalize the scenario to the case of heavy baryons, such as Ac, gt values which does not deviate much from 1.57, as well as to the case of mesons with 9t far from that for baryons. The consequence is discussed.展开更多
On the basis of the crystal field theory, the formulae of the EPR g factors of three order perturbation with b 2g ground state for 3d 9/3d 1 ions at rhombic tetrahedral clusters (AX 4) n- have been obtain...On the basis of the crystal field theory, the formulae of the EPR g factors of three order perturbation with b 2g ground state for 3d 9/3d 1 ions at rhombic tetrahedral clusters (AX 4) n- have been obtained. Using these formulae, The authors investigated the EPR g factors of the crystals Cs 2CuCl 4 and T 2CuBr 4. The calculation results agree with the experimental findings.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC1605000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31871806)the Beijing Livestock Industry Innovation Team(BAIC05-2023)。
文摘Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.
文摘In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the C677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the COBAS C311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous C677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.
文摘Tors are mound-like rock landforms,resistant to erosion,that may sometimes reach the size of several storeys of house by volume.They may develop in different climate regions and different rock types,led by granitic rocks.In this study,tors developed in granitic rocks around Yaylal?village linked to Kürtün county in Gümü?hane were investigated.The study area is located in the eastern part of the Giresun mountain range in northeastern Turkey,2000-2300 m above sea level.The aim of the study is to determine the natural environmental characteristics in tor formation and to reveal the effect of bedrock on tor formation.During field studies,18 tors were selected by noting location,size and structural features,and dimensions were measured.Thin sections were first made from the rock samples taken from the tors and then the mineralogical composition was investigated by modal analysis method.As a result of this analysis,it was determined that the bedrock forming the tors is granite.During the field observations,it was determined that the intersecting vertical joints supported the formation of castle-like tors,while the horizontal joints supported the formation of pita pileshaped tors.There are also pseudokarstic shapes resembling kamenitza and karst pavement.In conclusion,joint sets causing local resistance differences directed the formation of tors,while excess slope affected surface erosion and suitability of climate conditions-controlled weathering rate.
文摘't Hooft-Veltman Wilson dimensional regularization depends crucially upon Borel summability which entails strong links to the modern mathematical theory of transfinite sets and consequently to the fractal-Cantorian spacetime proposal of Ord-Nottale-El Naschie. Starting from the above, we interpret the main step of the mathematical analysis in terms of elementary particles interaction. Thus 't Hooft-Veltman “perturbation” parameter which measures the deviation of the regulated space from the four dimensionality of spacetime is interpreted as an elementary particle with a topological mass charge equal to 0.18033989, i.e. double the magnitude of Hardy’s quantum entanglement. In turn, Hardy’s quantum entanglement which may be interpreted geometrically as a consequence of the zero set embedded in an empty set could also be interpreted as an exchange of pseudo elementary particles with a topological mass charge equal to Hardy’s entanglement where is the Hausdorff dimension of the zero set of the corresponding 't Hooft-Veltman spacetime.
文摘We utilize two different theories to prove that cosmic dark energy density is the complimentary Legendre transformation of ordinary energy and vice versa as given by E(dark) = mc2 (21/22) and E(ordinary) = mc2/22. The first theory used is based on G ‘t Hooft’s remarkably simple renormalization procedure in which a neat mathematical maneuver is introduced via the dimensionality of our four dimensional spacetime. Thus, ‘t Hooft used instead of D = 4 and then took at the end of an intricate and subtle computation the limit to obtain the result while avoiding various problems including the pole singularity at D = 4. Here and in contradistinction to the classical form of dimensional and renormalization we set and do not take the limit where and is the theoretically and experimentally well established Hardy’s generic quantum entanglement. At the end we see that the dark energy density is simply the ratio of and the smooth disentangled D = 4, i.e. (dark) = (4 -k)/4 = 3.8196011/4 = 0.9549150275. Consequently where we have ignored the fine structure details by rounding 21 + k to 21 and 22 + k to 22 in a manner not that much different from of the original form of dimensional regularization theory. The result is subsequently validated by another equally ingenious approach due mainly to E. Witten and his school of topological quantum field theory. We notice that in that theory the local degrees of freedom are zero. Therefore, we are dealing essentially with pure gravity where are the degrees of freedom and is the corresponding dimension. The results and the conclusion of the paper are summarized in Figure 1-3, Table 1 and Flow Chart 1.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11265014
文摘We study the 't Hooft coupling gt and the mass splitting of the ground-state baryons in terms of the large Noinspired quark model, by which the Hartree wavefunctions of light quarks are obtained. By fitting the spectra of decuplet and octet baryons, we obtain the 't Hooft coupling gt to be around 1.57. We generalize the scenario to the case of heavy baryons, such as Ac, gt values which does not deviate much from 1.57, as well as to the case of mesons with 9t far from that for baryons. The consequence is discussed.
文摘On the basis of the crystal field theory, the formulae of the EPR g factors of three order perturbation with b 2g ground state for 3d 9/3d 1 ions at rhombic tetrahedral clusters (AX 4) n- have been obtained. Using these formulae, The authors investigated the EPR g factors of the crystals Cs 2CuCl 4 and T 2CuBr 4. The calculation results agree with the experimental findings.