In recent years,the demands of high traffic transmission motivate the rapid development of wireless access techniques,and it becomes promising to design the fifth generation(5G)wireless networks.Essential requirements...In recent years,the demands of high traffic transmission motivate the rapid development of wireless access techniques,and it becomes promising to design the fifth generation(5G)wireless networks.Essential requirements for 5G involve higher traffic volume,indoor or hotspot traffic,and spectrum,energy,and cost efficien-展开更多
特藏资源往往是由数量众多、类型多样的文献所组成,对特藏资源的组织和著录不仅需要对构成特藏的每一种单一文献进行描述,更需要对特藏的整体及文献间的关系进行揭示。国内存在仍然以单种/册文献为著录对象、缺少对资源间层级关系的揭...特藏资源往往是由数量众多、类型多样的文献所组成,对特藏资源的组织和著录不仅需要对构成特藏的每一种单一文献进行描述,更需要对特藏的整体及文献间的关系进行揭示。国内存在仍然以单种/册文献为著录对象、缺少对资源间层级关系的揭示、著录未遵循统一标准等问题,严重影响到特藏资源的使用,也影响到特藏资源的共享和数据交换。究其原因,主要是国内尚未形成特藏资源组织和著录的统一标准。文章在调研国内外特藏资源层级著录相关研究和实践的基础上,从著录标准的角度探讨了在图书馆特藏资源的著录中采用国际档案理事会(International Council on Archives,ICA)颁布的《国际档案著录标准(总则)》(General International Standard Archival Description,ISAD(G))作为特藏资源著录标准的可行性,同时辅以复旦大学图书馆在特藏资源著录上的实践探索以供业界参考。展开更多
Only ZTE can deliver end-to-end equipment for all 3G standards-WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX. Our WCDMA solutions are used in 30 countries and regions,
Only ZTE can deliver end-to-end equipment for all 3G standards-WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX. Our WCDMA solutions are used in 30 countries and regions, and our CDMA systems are used by 120 operators in more than...Only ZTE can deliver end-to-end equipment for all 3G standards-WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX. Our WCDMA solutions are used in 30 countries and regions, and our CDMA systems are used by 120 operators in more than 70 countries.展开更多
Objectives: To challenge the expiry dates of low concentration high purity mycotoxins standards. Literature Review: Aflatoxins (AFs) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are persistent mycotoxins with adverse effects on humans. Myc...Objectives: To challenge the expiry dates of low concentration high purity mycotoxins standards. Literature Review: Aflatoxins (AFs) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are persistent mycotoxins with adverse effects on humans. Mycotoxins standards are purchased to determine mycotoxin concentrations in food and may be stocked in some laboratories beyond expiry dates causing laboratories financial losses. Methods: Certified mycotoxins standards were purchased over the years from the same supplier at times and at other times from two different suppliers for quality control purposes. For AFs, six chromatographic runs for each of the mycotoxins standards were done to compare the difference among these standards having the following expiry dates (2008, 2012, 2013 and 2018). AFs standards purchased/obtained from two different suppliers in 2016 and expiring in 2018 were also compared. For OTA, the difference of concentration obtained between two years (2010 and 2018) was tested. All samples were run on a HPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector. Linearity of calibration curves and the points of lowest detection were determined for AFs components and for OTA from the unexpired mycotoxins standards. Results: At a 0.05 significance level and using non parametric tests, the statistical test revealed a p of 0.166, 0.153, 0.358 and 0.03 for B1, G1, B2 and G2 respectively among years for standards from same supplier and 0.037, 0.109, 0.182 and 0.182 for B1, G1, B2 and G2 respectively for unexpired standards from two different suppliers. For OTA, a p of 0.109 was obtained for standards of different expiry dates purchased from different suppliers. Conclusion: High purity low concentration mycotoxin standards purchased a decade ago (i.e. expired) did not differ from those purchased this current year (still valid). Hence, the expiry date can be renewed reducing the laboratories expenses. Manufacturers are urged to reconsider the expiry dates.展开更多
A recent experimental finding replicated an earlier research result, both of which demonstrated conflict with a specific Standard Model prediction. The “Muon g - 2” studies have indicated that the degree of muon pre...A recent experimental finding replicated an earlier research result, both of which demonstrated conflict with a specific Standard Model prediction. The “Muon g - 2” studies have indicated that the degree of muon precession predicted by the Model is not the same as observed. The researchers offer many posteriori atheoretical hypotheses as possible explanations of their findings, but no fundamental theoretical understanding of the near discovery is among them. This article describes both an explication for the unexpected result and describes its underlying mechanism based on an existing cosmological theory, the Probabilistic Spacetime Theory. The paper also discusses the potential value of this theory.展开更多
文摘In recent years,the demands of high traffic transmission motivate the rapid development of wireless access techniques,and it becomes promising to design the fifth generation(5G)wireless networks.Essential requirements for 5G involve higher traffic volume,indoor or hotspot traffic,and spectrum,energy,and cost efficien-
文摘特藏资源往往是由数量众多、类型多样的文献所组成,对特藏资源的组织和著录不仅需要对构成特藏的每一种单一文献进行描述,更需要对特藏的整体及文献间的关系进行揭示。国内存在仍然以单种/册文献为著录对象、缺少对资源间层级关系的揭示、著录未遵循统一标准等问题,严重影响到特藏资源的使用,也影响到特藏资源的共享和数据交换。究其原因,主要是国内尚未形成特藏资源组织和著录的统一标准。文章在调研国内外特藏资源层级著录相关研究和实践的基础上,从著录标准的角度探讨了在图书馆特藏资源的著录中采用国际档案理事会(International Council on Archives,ICA)颁布的《国际档案著录标准(总则)》(General International Standard Archival Description,ISAD(G))作为特藏资源著录标准的可行性,同时辅以复旦大学图书馆在特藏资源著录上的实践探索以供业界参考。
文摘Only ZTE can deliver end-to-end equipment for all 3G standards-WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX. Our WCDMA solutions are used in 30 countries and regions,
文摘Only ZTE can deliver end-to-end equipment for all 3G standards-WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WiMAX. Our WCDMA solutions are used in 30 countries and regions, and our CDMA systems are used by 120 operators in more than 70 countries.
文摘Objectives: To challenge the expiry dates of low concentration high purity mycotoxins standards. Literature Review: Aflatoxins (AFs) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are persistent mycotoxins with adverse effects on humans. Mycotoxins standards are purchased to determine mycotoxin concentrations in food and may be stocked in some laboratories beyond expiry dates causing laboratories financial losses. Methods: Certified mycotoxins standards were purchased over the years from the same supplier at times and at other times from two different suppliers for quality control purposes. For AFs, six chromatographic runs for each of the mycotoxins standards were done to compare the difference among these standards having the following expiry dates (2008, 2012, 2013 and 2018). AFs standards purchased/obtained from two different suppliers in 2016 and expiring in 2018 were also compared. For OTA, the difference of concentration obtained between two years (2010 and 2018) was tested. All samples were run on a HPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector. Linearity of calibration curves and the points of lowest detection were determined for AFs components and for OTA from the unexpired mycotoxins standards. Results: At a 0.05 significance level and using non parametric tests, the statistical test revealed a p of 0.166, 0.153, 0.358 and 0.03 for B1, G1, B2 and G2 respectively among years for standards from same supplier and 0.037, 0.109, 0.182 and 0.182 for B1, G1, B2 and G2 respectively for unexpired standards from two different suppliers. For OTA, a p of 0.109 was obtained for standards of different expiry dates purchased from different suppliers. Conclusion: High purity low concentration mycotoxin standards purchased a decade ago (i.e. expired) did not differ from those purchased this current year (still valid). Hence, the expiry date can be renewed reducing the laboratories expenses. Manufacturers are urged to reconsider the expiry dates.
文摘A recent experimental finding replicated an earlier research result, both of which demonstrated conflict with a specific Standard Model prediction. The “Muon g - 2” studies have indicated that the degree of muon precession predicted by the Model is not the same as observed. The researchers offer many posteriori atheoretical hypotheses as possible explanations of their findings, but no fundamental theoretical understanding of the near discovery is among them. This article describes both an explication for the unexpected result and describes its underlying mechanism based on an existing cosmological theory, the Probabilistic Spacetime Theory. The paper also discusses the potential value of this theory.
