Construction of Molecular Linkage Map of Cultivated Allotetraploid Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.×G. barbadense L. )with SSR and RAPD Markers

A permanent doubled haploid population fromthe crossing of G.hirsutum × G.barbadensewere developed by means of Vsg,virescentlymarked semigamy line in sea island cotton,which was characterized by a cytologicalmechanism for developing haploids with certainconvenience,and thus constructed

Combining ability of Egyptian cotton(Gossypium barbadense L.)reveals genetic potential for improved yield and fiber quality

Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivation of enhanced hybrid plants with desired traits,such as high yield and fine fiber quality.In this study,the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA)of yield and fiber quality of nine cotton parents(six lines and three testers)and eighteen F1 crosses produced using a line×tester mating design were analyzed.Results The results revealed significant effects of genotypes,parents,crosses,and interactions between parents and crosses for most of the studied traits.Moreover,the effects of both additive and non-additive gene actions played a notably significant role in the inheritance of most of the yield and fiber quality attributes.The F1 hybrids of(Giza 90×Aust)×Giza 86,Uzbekistan 1×Giza 97,and Giza 96×Giza 97 demonstrated superior performance due to their favorable integration of high yield attributes and premium fiber quality characteristics.Path analysis revealed that lint yield has the highest positive direct effect on seed cotton yield,while lint percentage showed the highest negative direct effect on seed cotton yield.Principal component analysis identified specific parents and hybrids associated with higher cotton yield,fiber quality,and other agronomic traits.Conclusion This study provides insights into identifying potential single-and three-way cross hybrids with superior cotton yield and fiber quality characteristics,laying a foundation for future research on improving fiber quality in cotton.

基因枪介导的海岛棉(Gossypium barbadense L.)茎尖遗传转化体系的建立

以新疆海岛棉品种新海13号的茎尖为转化受体,采用基因枪介导法,研究DNA包裹浓度、微载体种类、前渗处理时间、轰击条件、筛选方法等对茎尖转化的影响,建立了基因枪法介导的海岛棉茎尖转化体系。研究结果表明,采用1.5μg·μL-1的质粒DNA包裹1.0μm金粉微载体,前渗处理12 h,轰击压力为7.584 MPa(1100 psi),轰击距离为6 cm,后渗处理16 h,恢复处理24 h,在120 mg·L-1卡那霉素浓度下直接筛选35 d。在添加4g·L-1活性炭粒的生根培养基中诱导抗性幼苗生根,获得抗性再生植株。通过PCR和RT-PCR检测,共得到5株转抗除草剂基因EPSPS的阳性植株。该研究体系的建立为海岛棉的遗传转化奠定了基础,为海岛棉的育种工作提供了材料。

400 G骨干传输网C6T与C6T+L6T技术工程应用研究

分析了400 G超长距WDM技术的特点,并从多个维度对比分析了C6T与C6T+L6T技术在骨干传输网工程应用的优缺点,最后结合不同应用场景的需求给出技术应用建议。

传统发酵肉源乳酸菌介导NPC1L1、ABCG5/G8基因表达对胆固醇代谢的影响

过高的胆固醇摄入可能会导致机体心脑血管出现健康问题。通过乳酸菌可以调控小肠中胆固醇代谢相关基因的表达,调节机体内胆固醇的吸收代谢,从而影响体内胆固醇含量。对15株传统发酵肉制品中分离筛选的乳酸菌进行体外降胆固醇能力和耐酸耐胆盐能力筛选,将筛选到的乳酸菌用于动物实验。结果表明,15株乳酸菌中有4株乳酸菌(CM6、CM9、CM28、CM42)具有良好的体外降胆固醇能力,平均降解率为52.92%。对它们进行耐酸和耐胆盐试验,在pH 2和0.3%胆盐添加量的条件下菌株CM6活菌数达到106 CFU/mL,选择CM6进行后续动物实验。乳酸菌灌胃小鼠30 d后,乳酸菌组小鼠血清中总胆固醇含量和甘油三酯含量乳显著低于对照组(P<0.05);乳酸菌组小鼠小肠中NPC1L1基因相对表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),ABCG5/G8基因表达量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)结论:乳酸菌CM6具有调控胆固醇代谢相关基因表达的能力,从而降低体内胆固醇含量。

200 g/L四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂对水稻稻纵卷叶螟和大螟的防效研究

为明确200 g/L四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂对水稻稻纵卷叶螟、大螟的田间防治效果及适宜的施用方法,采用植保无人机飞防与电动喷雾器喷药2种施药方式,以四唑虫酰胺单剂、复配剂开展田间试验。结果表明:200 g/L四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂150 m L/hm^(2)处理的杀虫效果优于200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂150 m L/hm^(2)处理,二者无显著差异(P>0.05);200 g/L四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂对稻纵卷叶螟、大螟的防控效果达96%以上,一次用药即可有效防控;200 g/L四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂采用植保无人机飞防与人工电动喷雾方式施用,对2种害虫的防治效果无显著差异(P>0.05),防效均达到96%以上。200 g/L四唑虫酰胺悬浮剂150 m L/hm^(2)可有效防治稻纵卷叶螟、大螟,在大面积防控时可以采用植保无人机飞防方式。

200g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺悬浮剂对油菜菌核病防治效果研究

为验证200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺SC对油菜菌核病的防治效果,本文选择25%咪鲜胺EC 50 mL/667m^(2)、200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺SC 50 mL/667m^(2)、200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺SC+25%咪鲜胺EC 40+50 mL/667m^(2)共3种药剂配方来研究对油菜菌核病的防治效果。结果表明,200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺SC 50 mL/667m^(2)在油菜盛花期一次施药,病株率为0.67%、病情指数0.38,发病最轻,防效达到88.74%,防效最好;且施药后无药害,低毒低残留,对环境友好,值得推广应用。

50g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂防治茶小绿叶蝉效果试验

50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂具有全新的结构和作用机制,是一种由天然产物衍生而成的新型生物源杀虫剂。为明确它对茶小绿叶蝉的防治效果,开展了50 g/L双丙环虫酯可分散液剂防治茶小绿叶蝉的田间试验。结果表明,药后1~14 d,15.00 g/hm^(2)和18.75 g/hm^(2)药剂的防效最高分别达到90.23%和92.17%。田间推荐使用剂量为15.00~18.75 g/hm^(2),使用时间为阴天或晴天下午4:00以后。

Impact of Four Fiber Sources and the Strategy of Feeding on the Nutritional Quality of Rabbit Meat (Oryctogalagus cuniculis)

This study was conducted to valorize four sources of fiber (Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Moringa oleifera and palm nut fibers) in animal production. The experiments were carried out on 128 rabbits divided into 4 batches of 32 animals, reared for 8 weeks under the same conditions. Each batch was subdivided into two subgroups, one fed with a complete diet (a diet containing one of the fiber sources and served all day) and the other with the same diet separated from the fiber source (served at 9 a.m. and supplemented with the fiber source at 4 p.m.). Eight (8) experimental rations were, respectively, tested on the subgroups: complete feed Gliricidia sepium (CFG);supplemented feed Gliricidia sepium (SFG);complete feed Leucaena leucocephala (CFL);supplemented feed Leucaena leucocephala (SFL);complete feed Moringa oleifera (CFM);supplemented feed Moringa oleifera (SFM);complete feed palm nut fiber (CFF);supplemented feed palm nut fiber (SFF). In each subgroup, 4 rabbits were slaughtered at 15 weeks of age for a total of 32 rabbits. Physico-chemical parameters were evaluated on the feed and the meat. Data were analyzed using SAS 2013 software. Fiber content was similar (p > 0.05) for complete feeds. Fat content was high (p < 0.001) for the palm nuts fiber (27.34%) and the CFF feed (11.36%). Feeding rabbits with G. sepium leaves or palm nut fiber continuously increased the fat content of the meat in contrast to sequential feeding. Meat quality was also better when the fiber source was used in the feed of the rabbits in the evening.

20G+316L复合钢管焊接工艺研究

文中研究了20G+316L复合管的脉冲A-TIG多层焊工艺,对不同特征区域微观组织进行了分析,通过拉伸、冲击、打压性能试验评估了接头力学性能。结果表明,焊缝分为碳钢层、碳钢与过渡层间的扩散层、过渡层和不锈钢层4个区域,扩散层组织为马氏体+残余奥氏体,过渡层为奥氏体组织,不锈钢层则为胞状树枝晶;在试验参数下,接头各项力学性能优良,接头无缺陷;焊缝根部Ni,Cr合金元素与焊接材料相比无明显变化,采用过渡焊丝起到了保持根部焊缝合金元素含量的作用。

Genetic Dissection of Net Effects Between Yield and Its Components in Sea Island Cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.)

The number of bolls, individual boll weight, and lint percentage are three important yield components of lint yield of cotton. In the present study, nine parents, twenty F1, and twenty F2 crosses of intraspecific hybrids of sea island cotton （Gossypium barbadense L.） were grown at Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China, in 2000 and 2001. Lint yield and its three component traits were measured and analyzed by an extended conditional mixed linear model approach. Lint percentage made the largest contribution to additive, additive x environment, and dominance x environment variations for lint yield. The contribution ratios of number of bolls, individual boll weight, and combined contribution of these two traits to additive x environment and dominance x environment variations for lint yield were not statistically significant. Lint yield of different parents could be affected differently by lint percentage. Lint yield of some parents was closely correlated with lint percentage, whereas for other parents, the behavior of individual boll weight and number of bolls played much more important roles on lint yield than that of lint percentage. It was shown by the conditional and conventional predicted additive x environment interaction effects of parents that the environment condition could influence different parents with varied effects.

Genetic Diversity in the Environmental Conditioning of <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>and <i>Gossypium barbadense</i>Cultivars

Enzyme adaptations to temperature occur constantly as temperature patterns modulate diurnally and seasonally. These adaptations entail qualitative and/or quantitative metabolic changes that often provide a competitive advantage, impact adjustment to new environments, and effect the survival of the species. Changes in isozymes or allozymes, changes in enzyme concentration, modification by substrate and effectors, and metabolic regulation of enzyme function without changing enzyme composition are all possible strategies for adaptation to changes in temperature. The degree of adaptation among cotton cultivars to a specific thermal regime may be difficult to determine from phenotypic responses of the plants. The present study evaluated the thermal sensitivity of Gossypium hirsutum L. and Gossypium barbadense L. cultivars following growth under distinct thermal environments. The metabolic fitness of Gossypium hirsutum L. and Gossypium barbadense L. cultivars showed that the Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivars grown in a 28&deg;C/20&deg;C day/night cycle tended to be better equipped to cope with a 16 h - 38&deg;C treatment than the same cultivars grown in a 38&deg;C/32&deg;C day/night cycle. The Gossypium barbadense L. cultivars, on the other hand, grown in a 38&deg;C/32&deg;C day/night cycle tended to be equipped to cope with a 16 h - 38&deg;C treatment than the same cultivars grown in a 28&deg;C/20&deg;C day/night cycle. The Gossypium hirsutum L. line TX 303 is an exception to these general trends as its responses were similar to the Gossypium barbadense L. St. Vincent and Pima S-7 cottons.

500 g/L异菌脲悬浮剂对番茄早疫病的防效试验

作者以清水为对照(ck),开展了不同剂量异菌脲悬浮剂(500 g/L)防治番茄早疫病的效果试验。试验结果表明,随着用药量增加番茄早疫病的防治效果逐渐提高,但随着用药时间延长,每667 m^(2)用药量为75 g、100 g处理番茄早疫病防治效果的差异逐渐缩小。与清水(ck)相比,每667 m^(2)用100 g、75 g异菌脲悬浮剂(500 g/L)番茄单株产量分别17.4%、15.1%,单果质量分别提高9.6%、7.2%。基于此,推荐每667 m^(2)用75~100 g异菌脲悬浮剂(500 g/L)防治番茄早疫病。

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Genes Involved in Cotton(Gossypium barbadense L.) Response to Verticillium dahliae

Verticillium dahliae Kleb.is a necrotrophic plant pathogen which causes serious soil borne vascular disease in cotton.The molecular basis the defense response of cotton to this pathogen is

Mapping of QTL for Fiber Length Using Interspecific Gossypium hirsutum × G.barbadense F_2 Population

Cotton occupies a pre-eminent place among cash crops as it guides the destiny of a large section of the farming community as well as that of a flourishing textile industry.As the yarn manufacturing industry has undergone a technological revolution,more emphasis is given to quality of the raw

60g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂对玉米丝黑穗病防治效果试验

【目的】明确60g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂对玉米丝黑穗病的防治效果和安全性,为其生产应用提供科学依据。【方法】设60g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂50、100、150mL/100kg种子,对照药剂2%立克莠湿拌种剂400g/100kg种子及空白对照5个处理;采用土壤接种病菌以测定药剂的防治效果。【结果】60g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂50～150mL拌种100kg,对玉米丝黑穗病的防治效果达57.03%～91.06%,玉米增产25.8%～44.4%,药后观察未见玉米苗出现药害现象。【结论】60g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂对玉米丝黑穗病有较好的防治效果,且对玉米安全,可作为防治玉米丝黑穗病的药剂在生产上推广应用,建议使用剂量为60g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂100mL/100kg种子。

50g/L唑啉草酯EC防除春小麦田野燕麦药效及对作物的安全性研究

为明确50 g/L唑啉草酯EC在青海省春小麦田防除野燕麦药效、适宜剂量及对作物的安全性,在田间进行50 g/L唑啉草酯EC不同剂量的除草效果试验。于小麦3～5叶期、野燕麦2～4叶期对水喷雾处理。结果表明,50 g/L唑啉草酯EC是春小麦田防除野燕麦的优良除草剂,适宜剂量为900 mL/hm2,对野燕麦防效达90%以上,对小麦安全,增产率12%以上。

108g/L高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油对春油菜田野燕麦的防治效果

为明确108 g/L高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油对春油菜田野燕麦的防除效果及其使用的安全性,在田间设108 g/L高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油每公顷277.78、347.22、416.67、694.35 g 4个处理,以108 g/L高效盖草能375.00 g/hm2为对照药剂,以人工锄草和清水喷雾为对照,于春油菜3叶至5叶1心期、野燕麦2叶1心至4叶1心期对水300 L喷雾处理,药后观察油菜和杂草生长情况、调查防效。结果表明,108 g/L高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油对春油菜田野燕麦具有良好防效,适宜用量为416.67 g/hm2,对野燕麦鲜重防效达到86.10%,对作物安全,油菜增产9.80%。108 g/L高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油是防除春油菜田野燕麦的优良除草剂,可以在生产上推广使用。

50 g/L炔草酸·唑啉草酯乳油防除小麦田杂草药效评价

通过50 g/L炔草酸·唑啉草酯乳油在奇台县防除小麦田杂草药效评价,结果表明,50g/L炔草酸·唑啉草酯乳油是一个防效优异的麦田化学除草剂。药后30 d对麦田恶性杂草野燕麦株防效达98.68%以上,鲜重防效达94.58%以上;对狗尾草株防效达88.6%以上。通过对田间阔叶杂草的效果观察,50g/L炔草酸·唑啉草酯乳油对阔叶杂草灰藜和卷茎蓼有明显的抑制生长作用,对小麦生长的竞争力弱;由低剂量至高剂量处理对灰黎的株防效达41.19%～69.41%。虽然该药剂对卷茎蓼有一定的抑制作用,但株防效不显著。综上所述,在小麦田禾本科杂草2～5叶期、阔叶杂草2～4叶期,用50g/L炔草酸·唑啉草酯乳油30～60g/hm^2(有效成分),对水450 L喷施,对小麦田杂草高效,对小麦安全。

240g/L氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂防治苹果绵蚜田间药效试验

以15年生苹果树为试材,研究了240 g/L氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂对苹果绵蚜的田间防治效果。结果表明,240 g/L氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂5 000倍液药后1,3,7,14 d对苹果绵蚜的防效分别达75.39%,90.24%,98.79%和99.47%;其速效性差,但持效性好,且对果树安全。