Quality Evaluation of Cardamine macrophylla Willd as an Edible and Medicinal Herb of Tibetan and Qiang Ethnic Groups

[Objectives]To evaluate the quality of Cardamine macrophylla Willd as Tibetan and Qiang medicinal materials,so as to improve its quality standard and evaluate the quality of C.macrophylla Willd in western Sichuan Province.[Methods]C.macrophylla Willd produced from western Sichuan Province was used as the sample,and the contents of moisture,total ash,acid-insoluble ash,extract,total flavonoids and quercetin in the ground part of C.macrophylla Willd were determined in accordance with the methods of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition).With the above seven indicators as evaluation indicators,the quality of medicinal materials was comprehensively evaluated by cluster analysis and principal component analysis(PCA).[Results]According to the results of each indicator,the moisture content of C.macrophylla Willd sample should not exceed 11.00%,the total ash content should not exceed 18%,the acid-insoluble ash content should not exceed 6%,the extract content should not be less than 19%,the total flavone content(calculated by quercetin)should not be less than 2%,and the quercetin content should not be less than 0.15%.[Conclusions]The sample S7 has the best quality and S6 has the worst quality.In this study,the quantitative analysis method of total flavonoids(quercetin)and quercetin in C.macrophylla Willd was established,and the limits of each indicator were preliminarily formulated.

Gentiana macrophylla Pall.:a review of the basic source,traditional use,chemical components,pharmacological activities and quality control

Gentiana macrophylla Pall.(G.macrophylla),whose genus and family belong to the Gentianaceae and Gentiana.The main distribution centers of G.macrophylla resources were the Loess Plateau and the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China.G.macrophylla,as a traditional medicine,has a long history and was used in different ethnic medicines.Its roots were used in traditional Chinese medicine,which had the effect of anti-inflammatory,anti-rheumatism,antiviral,promote blood circulation,eliminate swelling and pain,while its flowers were used in traditional Mongolian medicine,which had the effect of removing“Xieriwusu”(“Xieriwusu”means rheumatism),antiviral,reducing swelling.From previous studies,it could be found that there were more than forty components isolated and identified from G.macrophylla.The main chemical components were iridoids,flavonoids,triterpenoids,steroids,phenylpropanoids,and alkaloids.Iridoid terpenoid components represented by gentiopicroside and Loganic acid were the main components of the root of G.macrophylla,which had anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,hepatoprotective,analgesic,antibacterial and promote gastrointestinal tract activities.The flower mainly contains isoorientin and isovitexin as the representative of flavonoids.They have anti-tumor,liver protection,heart protection,inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and inhibition of melanin.It could be seen from previous studies that the research on G.macrophylla was mainly focused on the root,and the flower was rarely studied.It was reported that the experimental data of the anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects of G.macrophylla flowers show that its curative effect was very good.Therefore,the flowers of the flower of G.macrophylla can be used as potential medicinal parts for research.Given that flavonoids are mostly found in flowers and exhibit a range of functions,it is possible to investigate the flowers in order to learn more about G.macrophylla’s potential medical benefits.Based on botanical books,Chinese classic texts,medical monographs and academic search engines(Google,Google Scholar,Web of Science,SciFinder,Pubmed,CNKI,Sci-hub,Elsevier and Wanfang),the data and information on G.macrophylla in the past 20 years are inquired and summarized comprehensively.The basic source,traditional use,chemical composition,biological activity,pharmacodynamics and quality control of G.macrophylla was systematically reviewed,in order to provide reliable basis for the subsequent development and utilization of G.macrophylla.

Identification of Tibetan and Qiang Edible and Medicinal Herbs Cardamine tangutorum and Cardamine macrophylla

[Objectives]To study the original plants,characters,tissue structure,powder characteristics and thin-layer chromatography(TLC)characteristics of Cardamine tangutorum and Cardamine macrophylla as Tibetan and Qiang edible and medicinal herbs,and to provide the basis for the identification of C.tangutorum and C.macrophylla.[Methods]The identification of C.macrophyll and C.tangutorum was carried out by original plant identification,character identification,microscopic identification and TLC identification.[Results]C.tangutorum and C.macrophylla can be distinguished according to the shape of rhizome and stem,the difference of stem leaves and leaflets,and the difference of flower color;there is no obvious difference between the characteristics of the shape and the powder;the thin layer chromatography shows that in the thin layer chromatography of C.tangutorum and C.macrophylla,spots with the same color are shown on the corresponding positions of the ground part and the reference substance quercetin;the underground part and the position corresponding to the reference substanceβ-sitosterol all show the same color spots.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference for the identification of C.tangutorum and C.macrophylla.

Proximate analyses,in vitro antioxidant activity and GC-MS analyses of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds

The present study assessed the proximate composition,in vitro antioxidant activity and GC-MS analyses of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds extract(FPMSE).The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazl(DPPH)while Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry(GC-MS)technique was used to identify the volatile compounds in FPMSE.FPMSE revealed a dose dependent percentage inhibition of the extract on DPPH assay.Proximate composition of FPMSE constitutes respectively;ash(0.33±0.12%),protein(2.19±0.08%),fats and oil(80.60±0.00%),carbohydrate(16.88±0.00%)while moisture and fibre were not detected.However,the pulverised sample constitute respectively;ash(1.27±0.58%),protein(10.51±0.60%),moisture(8.27±0.12%),fats and oil(32.33±0.12%),fibre(7.27±0.12%)and carbohydrate(40.35±0.00%).GC-MS analyses revealed fourteen(14)fatty acids including Octadecanoic acid(1.95%),Benzyloxymethylimine(43.89%),2-Allylpent-4-enoic acid benzyl ester(26.25%),Hexadecanoic acid,methyl ester(1.09%),Oleic Acid(0.25%),9,12-Octadecadienoic acid,methyl ester(Omega-6-fatty acid)(1.52%).The bioactive compounds identified in FPMSE could contribute to the pharmacological properties of P.macrophylla seeds and hence,could be of considerable interest for the development of new drugs.

Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our sense of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional memories.These receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.The ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its sensory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely absent in the central nervous system.Insights gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent deficits.Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease.Olfa ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian body.This ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory receptors.In addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing microbiota.The analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation mechanisms.This review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative processes.Evidence suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous system injuries.

Inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia decreases neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury

Microglia,the resident monocyte of the central nervous system,play a crucial role in the response to spinal cord injury.However,the precise mechanism remains unclear.To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which microglia regulate the neuroinflammatory response to spinal cord injury,we performed single-cell RNA sequencing dataset analysis,focusing on changes in microglial subpopulations.We found that the MG1 subpopulation emerged in the acute/subacute phase of spinal cord injury and expressed genes related to cell pyroptosis,sphingomyelin metabolism,and neuroinflammation at high levels.Subsequently,we established a mouse model of contusive injury and performed intrathecal injection of siRNA and molecular inhibitors to validate the role of ceramide synthase 5 in the neuroinflammatory responses and pyroptosis after spinal cord injury.Finally,we established a PC12-BV2 cell co-culture system and found that ceramide synthase 5 and pyroptosis-associated proteins were highly expressed to induce the apoptosis of neuron cells.Inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in a mouse model of spinal cord injury effectively reduced pyroptosis.Furthermore,ceramide synthase 5-induced pyroptosis was dependent on activation of the NLRP3 signaling pathway.Inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia in vivo reduced neuronal apoptosis and promoted recovery of neurological function.Pla2g7 formed a“bridge”between sphingolipid metabolism and ceramide synthase 5-mediated cell death by inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling pathway.Collectively,these findings suggest that inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia after spinal cord injury effectively suppressed microglial pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.

g-C_(3)N_(4)负载双金属Rh@Ru催化氨硼烷析氢反应机理研究

本文采用密度泛函理论,研究了双金属Rh@Ru在g-C_(3)N_(4)上不同负载位点,确定了稳定的催化剂构型,并详细研究了该催化剂催化氨硼烷析氢的反应机理.通过比较氨硼烷析氢反应三条路径所需活化能,发现路径Ⅲ控制步骤活化能较低,而路径Ⅰ、Ⅱ所需活化能较高,反应路径Ⅲ更容易进行,Ⅰ为最优析氢路径.从微观角度揭示双贵金属Rh@Ru负载g-C_(3)N_(4)催化氨硼烷析氢的三条机理,希望为氨硼烷析氢催化剂的优化和设计提供理论信息.

Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates exercise-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenesis,learning,and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Hippocampal neuronal loss causes cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease.Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.Exercise stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and improves memory and slows cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.However,the molecular pathways for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s disease are poorly understood.Recently,regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGS6)was identified as the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice.Here,we generated novel RGS6fl/fl;APP_(SWE) mice and used retroviral approaches to examine the impact of RGS6 deletion from dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in an amyloid-based Alzheimer’s disease mouse model.We found that voluntary running in APP_(SWE) mice restored their hippocampal cognitive impairments to that of control mice.This cognitive rescue was abolished by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells,which also abolished running-mediated increases in adult hippocampal neurogenesis.Adult hippocampal neurogenesis was reduced in sedentary APP_(SWE) mice versus control mice,with basal adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduced by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells.RGS6 was expressed in neurons within the dentate gyrus of patients with Alzheimer’s disease with significant loss of these RGS6-expressing neurons.Thus,RGS6 mediated voluntary running-induced rescue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in APP_(SWE) mice,identifying RGS6 in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.

基于4G技术的工程结构无线振动测试系统节点设计

结构振动测试是大型土木工程结构健康监测的有效保障,传统振动测试存在布线困难、低频率信号拾取困难、通信速率底、易受到测试现场条件限制等问题。以4G技术为研究对象,提出了一种基于4G技术的工程结构无线振动测试系统节点设计方案,通过节点工作原理介绍及各个模块的功能特性分析,研究了标准振动台性能对比测试和基于有线及无线的结构振动对比试验。结果表明:节点传感器的线性度误差为0.29%,且在短距离以及超远距离测试条件下,试验结构的各阶频率测试结果均与有线加速度传感器的测试结果一致,表明节点在测试精度和数据高速率传输等方面具有较大优势,解决了中远及超远距离中工程数据传输问题,具有一定的工程实用性,在土木工程健康监测和工程强震观测领域具有广泛的应用前景。

胎儿末端染色体非平衡易位遗传方式的CNV-seq联合G显带核型分析

目的:通过拷贝数变异检测(CNV-seq)联合G显带核型分析对产前诊断和流产的胎儿末端染色体非平衡易位发生频率以及遗传方式进行分析。方法:选取2018年6月至2021年12月在郑州大学第一附属医院经CNV-Seq判定为末端染色体非平衡易位的病例,采用外周血G显带核型分析或FISH检测对胎儿父母进行溯源分析。结果:17248例产前诊断和流产病例中,88例检出末端染色体非平衡易位,检出率为0.51%。其中59例行父母G显带核型分析或FISH检测,32例(54.24%)是由于父母为平衡易位导致,27例(45.76%)为新发变异。结论:诊断为末端染色体非平衡易位的病例,父母行G显带核型分析或FISH检测可提高染色体平衡易位携带者的检出率。

基于5G多接入边缘计算的云化PLC系统架构设计与应用

随着工业控制系统对柔性化、扁平化的要求不断提升,以PLC为构建基础的传统工业控制网络在大规模接入、算力提升和部署灵活性方面均受到限制.针对这些问题,融合5G网络和边缘计算技术,设计了基于5G多接入边缘计算的云化PLC系统架构,阐述了该架构的运行机制和所涉及的关键技术;在此基础上,进行PLC系统的云化部署和调试,实现了工业现场、企业数据中心、5G网络和边缘网络的集成;最后,通过在某汽车制造公司产线改造过程中的应用,验证了所提架构的有效性.

面向全息通信的6G智简网络架构

全息通信作为一种全新的未来通信范式,通过再现真实物体细粒度画面,向用户提供三维沉浸式的交互体验,克服了传统媒体交互方式单一和场景临场感不足的问题。然而,相对于传统实时通信业务,全方位沉浸的真实全息通信对网络,特别在带宽、时延、安全性等多方面都提出了更为苛刻的要求。如何更好地扩展6G概念与特征,实现高质量、高沉浸的全息新通信成为当前学术界面临的一大挑战。为解决上述问题,率先提出面向全息通信的6G智简网络架构,旨在通过两层网络架构和三维动作模型合理调配6G泛网资源,解决全息通信所面对的超高带宽、超低时延、超大计算等挑战,推动经济社会高质量发展。

配电网5G通信架构及其时延可靠性研究

5G在数字配电网领域的核心价值在于发挥5G的超高可靠、低时延技术优势,为配电网涉控业务提供高可靠、低时延的通信。为了系统地提供配电网5G通信时延与可靠性理论分析方案,结合数字配电网业务给出了配电网5G通信典型架构,深入分析了针对配电网5G通信的时延模型,针对国内四大运营商5G帧结构逐一进行了端到端时延分析,并通过5G链路级仿真了3GPP Rel-15和Rel-16的5G可靠性数值,提出了配电网5G通信的时延与可靠性联合分析方法。

越南非洲猪瘟疫苗AVAC ASF LIVE(ASFV-G-ΔMGF)研究工作分析与思考

非洲猪瘟(Afcrian swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染引起的烈性传染病。近日,越南正式将经临床试验验证的非洲猪瘟弱毒疫苗AVAC ASF LIVE(ASFV-G-ΔMGF)在其全国推广使用。本文对越南非洲猪瘟弱毒疫苗ASFV-G-ΔMGF相关研究数据进行了总结分析,分别从ASFVG-ΔMGF株攻毒保护能力评价、传代细胞培养株临床动物实验、野猪口服接种试验、毒力返强验证等方面,结合国内相关ASFV基因缺失株试验数据进行了分析。总结分析发现:越南上市的ASFV-G-ΔMGF疫苗株,二次免疫接种后攻毒保护效果更好,但在对野猪的口服接种评价中,其口鼻接种效果存在不确定性;随着疫苗株在动物体内的不断传代,其存在毒力返强和毒株变异风险,导致接种猪只临床症状明显;ASFV-G-ΔMGF株虽然有较好的攻毒保护能力和可靠的生产优势,但仍缺乏相关研究数据,特别是在垂直传播、交叉保护、基因突变等方面。后续仍需对ASFV-G-ΔMGF株的临床应用效果进一步评价。

基于5G技术的医院智慧病房建设探讨

介绍了5G、物联网、云计算等技术在智慧病房建设中的创新应用,以进一步改善患者的就医体验为目标,构建了智慧病房整体解决方案,通过全面感知、安全传递、共享协作和智能处理,为患者提供更高效、更安全、更舒适的医疗服务。

5G车联网中安全高效的组播服务认证与密钥协商方案

5G车联网(5G-V2X)中,内容提供者通过以点对多的传输方式向属于特定区域的一组车辆提供服务消息。针对于车辆获取组播服务遭受的安全威胁与隐私泄露问题,该文提出一种认证和密钥协商方案用于内容提供者与车辆之间的组播服务消息传输。首先,采用无证书聚合签名技术批量验证群组内所有车辆,提高了认证请求的效率。其次,基于多项式密钥管理技术实现安全的密钥协商,使得非法用户或核心网络无法获取共享会话密钥。最后,实现了群组内车辆的动态密钥更新机制,当车辆加入或离开群组时,内容提供者只需要发送1条密钥更新消息即可更新会话密钥。基于形式化验证工具和进一步安全性分析表明,所提方案可以保证匿名性、不可链接性、前向和后向安全性以及抗共谋攻击等安全需求。与现有方案相比,计算效率提高了约34.2%。

CdS/In_(2)O_(3)/g-C_(3)N_(4)复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

采用溶剂热法成功合成了一种新型的Z型CdS/In_(2)O_(3)/g-C_(3)N_(4)三元复合光催化材料。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS和紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪对光催化材料的相结构、形貌、原子价态和光响应性能等进行表征,通过可见光降解苯酚评价其光催化活性。结果表明,具有零维结构的CdS、一维结构的In_(2)O_(3)和三维结构的g-C_(3)N_(4)形成了0D/1D/3D三元复合材料,该材料在180 min可有效降解90%的苯酚,降解速率是CdS的2.9倍、g-C_(3)N_(4)的6倍,且具有较高的稳定性。复合材料光催化能力的增强主要归因于三维多孔g-C_(3)N_(4)与CdS和In_(2)O_(3)形成的三维空间电场。三维多孔结构不仅有利于污染物的高效吸附,而且为光催化反应提供活性位点,三维空间和网络互连结构有利于光生电荷的定向迁移,增加载流子寿命。

外周血AGGF1与冠状动脉狭窄的关系

目的探讨G补缀FHA域血管生成因子1(AGGF1)与冠状动脉狭窄的关系。方法选取2011年6月—2015年11月中国医学科学院北京协和医学院泰达国际心血管病医院冠状动脉狭窄患者116例。根据冠状动脉造影检查的结果,将116例患者分为病例组(狭窄>50%,82例)和对照组(狭窄≤50%,34例)。采用非条件多因素逐步Logistic回归分析、受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分别评价冠状动脉狭窄>50%的危险因素和AGGF1联合高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)对冠状动脉狭窄的诊断效能。对34例对照患者进行随访,评价AGGF1对发生主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的预测价值。结果病例组AGGF1水平显著低于对照组(P<0.001)。AGGF1下降是发生冠状动脉狭窄>50%的危险因素[比值比(OR)值为0.536,95%可信区间(CI)为0.368~0.782]。AGGF1联合HDL-C、LDL-C诊断冠状动脉狭窄的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.815。对照组随访期间高AGGF1患者无MACE发生,低AGGF1患者有6例发生MACE。结论外周血AGGF1下降是冠状动脉狭窄>50%的危险因素,AGGF1联合HDL-C、LDL-C对冠状动脉狭窄具有较高的诊断效能,AGGF1降低对冠状动脉狭窄≤50%远期发生MACE或有一定的预测价值。

一种考虑g敏感性的MIMU系统级标定方法研究

针对微机械惯性测量单元(micro-electro-mechanical-system inertial measurement unit,MIMU)中存在陀螺漂移的g敏感性以及因漂移误差大而无法进行自主方位对准问题,建立了MIMU系统级标定Kalman滤波状态空间模型,考虑g敏感性误差状态的影响,在量测方程中加入方位失准角变化率以增强g敏感性的状态估计可观性;直接采用外输入粗略初始方位角进行导航解算,降低地球自转角速度的影响,提高陀螺漂移估计精度。设计了一套完整的系统级标定转位编排方案,陀螺标定和加速度计标定相互依赖,共同协作完成MIMU系统级标定,能够有效分离出所有30个标定参数,利用某型号弹载MIMU进行了实物标定试验验证,分别用标定前后数据进行导航解算,对比导航结算结果发现标定后的3个方向的导航速度都降低了,加速度计的刻度因数和零偏标定精度更高。特别在MIMU存在多轴大角度转动情况下,近10 min内达到优于30 m/s的导航速度精度,验证了系统级标定具有较高的精度。

G+OEC护理模式在经导管主动脉瓣生物瓣膜置换术后患者中的应用效果

目的分析G+OEC护理模式在经导管主动脉瓣生物瓣膜置换术后患者中的应用效果。方法以郑州市第七人民医院2018年4月至2023年4月收治的120例接受经导管主动脉瓣生物瓣膜置换术治疗的患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组接受常规术后护理模式,观察组接受G+OEC护理模式。比较两组患者的收缩压、舒张压、肾上腺素以及皮质醇水平。使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、贝克焦虑量表(BAI)以及汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD),评价两组患者的情绪状态。比较两组患者并发症发生率。结果术后1 d,两组患者收缩压、舒张压、肾上腺素、皮质醇水平以及SCL-90量表、BAI量表以及HAMD量表总分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后10 d,观察组患者的SCL-90量表、BAI量表以及HAMD量表总分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后10 d内,观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论G+OEC护理模式能够缓解行经导管主动脉瓣生物瓣膜置换术治疗患者的负面情绪,降低术后并发症发生概率。