Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)butyrate promote the postnatal rumen epithelial development and maturation in ruminants.However,molecular mechanisms of effects of butyrate on the bovine rumen epithelial cells(BRECs)prol...Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)butyrate promote the postnatal rumen epithelial development and maturation in ruminants.However,molecular mechanisms of effects of butyrate on the bovine rumen epithelial cells(BRECs)proliferation remain elusive.Therefore,purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of butyrate on the expression of genes and proteins at G0/G1 and S phase of BRECs cycle.Our results showed that BRECs treated with butyrate inhibited(P<0.05)the proliferation of BRECs,relatively to control.Flow cytometric assays revealed that butyrate triggers the BRECs cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase.qRT-PCR analyses of mRNA level of genes involved in the G0/G1 phase of cell cycle showed that butyrate significantly upregulated(P<0.001)the expression of mRNA encoding p21^(Cip1)compared with control group,but it decreased(P<0.05)the mRNA levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 genes at G0/G1 phase checkpoint compared with control.Moreover,Western blot also revealed that butyrate downregulated the expression of cyclin D3,CDK6,p-Rb,and E2F1 proteins involved in the modulation of G0/G1 phase of cell cycle.In conclusion,our results demonstrated that butyrate inhibits the proliferation of BRECs via downregulation of positive regulators at G0/G1 phase checkpoint.展开更多
Tetrahydroisoquinolines are known to have various biological effects, including antitumor activity. This study investigated the effect of 1-chloromethyl-6, 7-dimethoxy-3, 4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-sulfonic acid amid...Tetrahydroisoquinolines are known to have various biological effects, including antitumor activity. This study investigated the effect of 1-chloromethyl-6, 7-dimethoxy-3, 4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-sulfonic acid amide (CDST), a newly synthesized anticancer agent, on cellular differentiation and proliferation in HL-60 cells. Differentiation and proliferation of HL-60 cells were determined through expression of CD11b and CD14 surface antigens using flow cytometry and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay, and through analysis of cell cycle using propidium iodide staining, western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation, respectively. CDST induced the differentiation of HL-60, as shown by increased expression of differentiation surface antigen CD11b (but no significant change in CD14 expression) and increased NBT-reducing functional activity. DNA flow cytometry analysis indicated that CDST markedly induced a G0/G1 phase arrest of HL-60 cells. Subsequently, we examined the expre-ssion of G0/G1 phase cell cycle-related proteins, including cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), cyclins and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), during the differentiation of HL-60. The levels of CDK2, CDK6, cyclin E and cyclin A were decreased, whereas steady-state levels of CDK4 and cyclin D1 were unaffected. The expression of the p27Kip1 was markedly increased by CDST, but not p21WAF1/Cip1. Moreover, CDST markedly enhanced the binding of p27Kip1 with CDK2 and CDK6, resulting in the reduced activity of both kinases. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CDST is capable of inducing cellular differentiation and growth inhibition through p27Kip1 protein-related G0/G1 phase arrest in HL-60 cells.展开更多
目的细胞周期失调会导致基因组不稳定、引起细胞恶性转化和癌变。本研究通过分析乳腺癌细胞休眠期(G0期)至分裂间期细胞染色质动态行为特征,为进一步研究癌细胞周期调控提供一定的实验参考。方法以小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞为研究对象,利用DNA...目的细胞周期失调会导致基因组不稳定、引起细胞恶性转化和癌变。本研究通过分析乳腺癌细胞休眠期(G0期)至分裂间期细胞染色质动态行为特征,为进一步研究癌细胞周期调控提供一定的实验参考。方法以小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞为研究对象,利用DNA标记物和组蛋白相关荧光标记观察细胞染色质形态及其在细胞周期中的动态变化特征,通过激光共聚焦显微镜进行记录和分析。结果实验证实DAPI信号和GFP-H2B信号有比较好的共定位,两者均可以有效标记染色质。在细胞由G0期至分裂间期过程中,起始时可以观察到有大体积荧光标记斑块,在其中有多个着丝粒卫星DNA原位杂交斑点,而在1 h时荧光斑块逐步解离为小颗粒斑块甚至消失,到1 h 40 min时荧光标记斑块会再次出现,其体积显著小于观察起始,并规律性排布于核仁外周和核膜内侧。结论G0期乳腺癌细胞中染色质间存在聚集现象,这种聚集可能与着丝粒卫星DNA的作用相关。细胞在增值信号刺激下进入细胞周期时,染色质聚集体会逐步解聚并消失,在染色质完成复制并高度压缩形成染色体后,进一步分裂到两个子细胞。展开更多
Functional fullerene derivatives exhibit special inhibitory effects on tumor progress and metastasis via diverse tumor microenvironment regulations,while the elusive molecular mechanisms hinder their clinical transfor...Functional fullerene derivatives exhibit special inhibitory effects on tumor progress and metastasis via diverse tumor microenvironment regulations,while the elusive molecular mechanisms hinder their clinical transformation.Herein,it is initially revealed that nanosize aminated fullerene(C_(70)-EDA)can activate autophagic flux,induce G0/G1 cell cycle arrest to abrogate cancer cell proliferation,and significantly inhibit tumor growth in vivo.Mechanismly,C_(70)-EDA promotes the expression of cathepsin D involved in autophagic activation via post-transcriptional regulation,attributing to the interaction with a panel of RNA binding proteins.The accumulation of cathepsin D induces the autophagic degradation of cyclin D1,which arouses G0/G1 phase arrest.This work unveils the fantastic anti-tumor activity of aminated fullerene,elucidates the molecular mechanism,and provides a new strategy for the antineoplastic drug development on functional fullerenes.展开更多
Diacylglycerol (DG) and cAMP, two intracellular second messengers, play importantroles in responding to the stimulation of extracellular signal. DG activates protein kinaseC (PKC), and cAMP activates protein kinase A ...Diacylglycerol (DG) and cAMP, two intracellular second messengers, play importantroles in responding to the stimulation of extracellular signal. DG activates protein kinaseC (PKC), and cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA). Activation of these展开更多
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32002200)the Research Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190898)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA.
文摘Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)butyrate promote the postnatal rumen epithelial development and maturation in ruminants.However,molecular mechanisms of effects of butyrate on the bovine rumen epithelial cells(BRECs)proliferation remain elusive.Therefore,purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of butyrate on the expression of genes and proteins at G0/G1 and S phase of BRECs cycle.Our results showed that BRECs treated with butyrate inhibited(P<0.05)the proliferation of BRECs,relatively to control.Flow cytometric assays revealed that butyrate triggers the BRECs cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase.qRT-PCR analyses of mRNA level of genes involved in the G0/G1 phase of cell cycle showed that butyrate significantly upregulated(P<0.001)the expression of mRNA encoding p21^(Cip1)compared with control group,but it decreased(P<0.05)the mRNA levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 genes at G0/G1 phase checkpoint compared with control.Moreover,Western blot also revealed that butyrate downregulated the expression of cyclin D3,CDK6,p-Rb,and E2F1 proteins involved in the modulation of G0/G1 phase of cell cycle.In conclusion,our results demonstrated that butyrate inhibits the proliferation of BRECs via downregulation of positive regulators at G0/G1 phase checkpoint.
文摘Tetrahydroisoquinolines are known to have various biological effects, including antitumor activity. This study investigated the effect of 1-chloromethyl-6, 7-dimethoxy-3, 4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-sulfonic acid amide (CDST), a newly synthesized anticancer agent, on cellular differentiation and proliferation in HL-60 cells. Differentiation and proliferation of HL-60 cells were determined through expression of CD11b and CD14 surface antigens using flow cytometry and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay, and through analysis of cell cycle using propidium iodide staining, western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation, respectively. CDST induced the differentiation of HL-60, as shown by increased expression of differentiation surface antigen CD11b (but no significant change in CD14 expression) and increased NBT-reducing functional activity. DNA flow cytometry analysis indicated that CDST markedly induced a G0/G1 phase arrest of HL-60 cells. Subsequently, we examined the expre-ssion of G0/G1 phase cell cycle-related proteins, including cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), cyclins and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), during the differentiation of HL-60. The levels of CDK2, CDK6, cyclin E and cyclin A were decreased, whereas steady-state levels of CDK4 and cyclin D1 were unaffected. The expression of the p27Kip1 was markedly increased by CDST, but not p21WAF1/Cip1. Moreover, CDST markedly enhanced the binding of p27Kip1 with CDK2 and CDK6, resulting in the reduced activity of both kinases. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CDST is capable of inducing cellular differentiation and growth inhibition through p27Kip1 protein-related G0/G1 phase arrest in HL-60 cells.
文摘目的细胞周期失调会导致基因组不稳定、引起细胞恶性转化和癌变。本研究通过分析乳腺癌细胞休眠期(G0期)至分裂间期细胞染色质动态行为特征,为进一步研究癌细胞周期调控提供一定的实验参考。方法以小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞为研究对象,利用DNA标记物和组蛋白相关荧光标记观察细胞染色质形态及其在细胞周期中的动态变化特征,通过激光共聚焦显微镜进行记录和分析。结果实验证实DAPI信号和GFP-H2B信号有比较好的共定位,两者均可以有效标记染色质。在细胞由G0期至分裂间期过程中,起始时可以观察到有大体积荧光标记斑块,在其中有多个着丝粒卫星DNA原位杂交斑点,而在1 h时荧光斑块逐步解离为小颗粒斑块甚至消失,到1 h 40 min时荧光标记斑块会再次出现,其体积显著小于观察起始,并规律性排布于核仁外周和核膜内侧。结论G0期乳腺癌细胞中染色质间存在聚集现象,这种聚集可能与着丝粒卫星DNA的作用相关。细胞在增值信号刺激下进入细胞周期时,染色质聚集体会逐步解聚并消失,在染色质完成复制并高度压缩形成染色体后,进一步分裂到两个子细胞。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51802310)All animal experiments were conducted according to protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee in the Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Functional fullerene derivatives exhibit special inhibitory effects on tumor progress and metastasis via diverse tumor microenvironment regulations,while the elusive molecular mechanisms hinder their clinical transformation.Herein,it is initially revealed that nanosize aminated fullerene(C_(70)-EDA)can activate autophagic flux,induce G0/G1 cell cycle arrest to abrogate cancer cell proliferation,and significantly inhibit tumor growth in vivo.Mechanismly,C_(70)-EDA promotes the expression of cathepsin D involved in autophagic activation via post-transcriptional regulation,attributing to the interaction with a panel of RNA binding proteins.The accumulation of cathepsin D induces the autophagic degradation of cyclin D1,which arouses G0/G1 phase arrest.This work unveils the fantastic anti-tumor activity of aminated fullerene,elucidates the molecular mechanism,and provides a new strategy for the antineoplastic drug development on functional fullerenes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Diacylglycerol (DG) and cAMP, two intracellular second messengers, play importantroles in responding to the stimulation of extracellular signal. DG activates protein kinaseC (PKC), and cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA). Activation of these
