A Survey on Type-3 Fuzzy Logic Systems and Their Control Applications

In this paper,we offer a review of type-3 fuzzy logic systems and their applications in control.The main objective of this work is to observe and analyze in detail the applications in the control area using type-3 fuzzy logic systems.In this case,we review their most important applications in control and other related topics with type-3 fuzzy systems.Intelligent algorithms have been receiving increasing attention in control and for this reason a review in this area is important.This paper reviews the main applications that make use of Intelligent Computing methods.Specifically,type-3 fuzzy logic systems.The aim of this research is to be able to appreciate,in detail,the applications in control systems and to point out the scientific trends in the use of Intelligent Computing techniques.This is done with the construction and visualization of bibliometric networks,developed with VosViewer Software,which it is a free Java-based program,mainly intended to be used for analyzing and visualizing bibliometric networks.With this tool,we can create maps of publications,authors,or journals based on a co-citation network or construct maps of keywords,countries based on a co-occurrence networks,research groups,etc.

The growth and expansive applications of amorphous Ga_(2)O_(3)

As a promising ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor material,gallium oxide(Ga_(2)O_(3))is attracting extensive attention of researchers due to its feasible growth process,appropriate bandgap of 4.4 e V-5.3 e V allowing for deep-ultraviolet(deepUV)detection,good physical and chemical stability,high breakdown field strength and electron mobility,etc.Different from the strict processes for controllable crystalline Ga_(2)O_(3)(usually refer to as stable monoclinicβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)),amorphous Ga_(2)O_(3)(a-Ga_(2)O_(3))film can be prepared uniformly at low temperature on a large-area deposition substrate,suggesting great advantages such as low manufacturing cost and excellent flexibility,dispensing with high-temperature and high vacuum techniques.Thus,a-Ga_(2)O_(3)extremely facilitates important applications in various applied fields.Therefore,in this concise review,we summarize several major deposition methods for a-Ga_(2)O_(3)films,of which the characteristics are discussed.Additionally,potential methods to optimize the film properties are proposed by right of the inspiration from some recent studies.Subsequently,the applications of a-Ga_(2)O_(3)thin films,e.g.,in photodetectors,resistive random access memories(RRAMs)and gas sensors,are represented with a fruitful discussion of their structures and operating mechanisms.

5-取代-4-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物的应用进展

5-取代-4-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑是一类重要的五元杂环化合物,由于分子中含有巯基和伯胺基两个活性基团,既可以单个基团参与反应生成N-或S-取代产物,又可以同时发生反应生成稠杂环化合物。由其衍生而来的化合物具有广泛的生物活性,在抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗结核、抗炎镇痛、酶抑制剂、荧光探针等方面都表现出优异的性能。综述了近年来5-取代-4-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物在医学、农业及材料领域的应用,为今后进一步研究、开发此类化合物提供参考。

Crystallinity-defect matching relationship of g-C_(3)N_(4): Experimental and theoretical perspectives

Good crystallinity can reduce the charge recombination centers caused by defects,whilst structures with strong polycondensation have high charge mobility,leading to more charge transfer to the material surface for reaction.Much effort has been put into the preparation of a highly efficient g-C_(3)N_(4) with defects to improve its application potential under the premise in high crystallinity.Hence,this review paper emphasizes the importance to balance the defect and crystallinity of g-C_(3)N_(4).In addition,detailed discussion on the relationship between defects and activity of g-C_(3)N_(4) was carried out based on its applications in environmental purification(e.g.,VOCs oxidation,NO_(x) oxidation,H_(2)O_(2) evolution,sterilization,pesticide oxidation)and energy conversion(H_(2) evolution,N_(2) fixation and CO_(2) reduction).Lastly,the challenge in developing more efficient defective g-C_(3)N_(4) photocatalytic materials is summarized.

Finite Element Simulation Analysis of a Novel 3D-FRSPA for Crawling Locomotion

A novel three-dimensional-fiber reinforced soft pneumatic actuator(3D-FRSPA)inspired by crab claw and human hand structure that can bend and deform independently in each segment is proposed.It has an omni-directional bending configuration,and the fibers twined symmetrically on both sides to improve the bending performance of FRSPA.In this paper,the static and kinematic analysis of 3D-FRSPA are carried out in detail.The effects of fiber,pneumatic chamber and segment length,and circular air chamber radius of 3D-FRSPA on the mechanical performance of the actuator are discussed,respectively.The soft mobile robot composed of 3D-FRSPA has the ability to crawl.Finally,the crawling processes of the soft mobile robot on different road conditions are studied,respectively,and the motion mechanism of the mobile actuator is shown.The numerical results show that the soft mobile robots have a good comprehensive performance,which verifies the correctness of the proposedmodel.This work shows that the proposed structures have great potential in complex road conditions,unknown space detection and other operations.

Three-dimensional(3D)parametric measurements of individual gravels in the Gobi region using point cloud technique

Gobi spans a large area of China,surpassing the combined expanse of mobile dunes and semi-fixed dunes.Its presence significantly influences the movement of sand and dust.However,the complex origins and diverse materials constituting the Gobi result in notable differences in saltation processes across various Gobi surfaces.It is challenging to describe these processes according to a uniform morphology.Therefore,it becomes imperative to articulate surface characteristics through parameters such as the three-dimensional(3D)size and shape of gravel.Collecting morphology information for Gobi gravels is essential for studying its genesis and sand saltation.To enhance the efficiency and information yield of gravel parameter measurements,this study conducted field experiments in the Gobi region across Dunhuang City,Guazhou County,and Yumen City(administrated by Jiuquan City),Gansu Province,China in March 2023.A research framework and methodology for measuring 3D parameters of gravel using point cloud were developed,alongside improved calculation formulas for 3D parameters including gravel grain size,volume,flatness,roundness,sphericity,and equivalent grain size.Leveraging multi-view geometry technology for 3D reconstruction allowed for establishing an optimal data acquisition scheme characterized by high point cloud reconstruction efficiency and clear quality.Additionally,the proposed methodology incorporated point cloud clustering,segmentation,and filtering techniques to isolate individual gravel point clouds.Advanced point cloud algorithms,including the Oriented Bounding Box(OBB),point cloud slicing method,and point cloud triangulation,were then deployed to calculate the 3D parameters of individual gravels.These systematic processes allow precise and detailed characterization of individual gravels.For gravel grain size and volume,the correlation coefficients between point cloud and manual measurements all exceeded 0.9000,confirming the feasibility of the proposed methodology for measuring 3D parameters of individual gravels.The proposed workflow yields accurate calculations of relevant parameters for Gobi gravels,providing essential data support for subsequent studies on Gobi environments.

雷火灸、穴位贴敷治疗慢性肾脏病3~4期的疗效及对血清TGF-β1、Klotho、FGF23水平的影响

目的:研究雷火灸、穴位贴敷治疗慢性肾脏病3~4期的疗效及对血清转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、Klotho蛋白(Klotho)、成纤维生长因子23(FGF23)水平的影响。方法:2022年1月~2023年1月我院收治的慢性肾脏病3~4期患者92例,分为对照组与试验组,各46例,方法为随机数字表法。对照组予以常规西医治疗,试验组在对照组的基础上予以雷火灸、穴位贴敷治疗,两组均治疗2周。比较两组治疗2周后疗效,治疗前、治疗2周后血清TGF-β1、Klotho、FGF23水平、肾功能、免疫功能,治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果:与对照组治疗2周后的总有效率(71.74%)比较,试验组总有效率更高(91.30%,P<0.05)。较治疗前,治疗2周后两组血清TGF-β1、FGF23、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)水平,全血辅助性T细胞17(Th17)水平,24h尿蛋白定量降低,且试验组更低(P<0.05)。较治疗前,治疗2周后两组全血调节性T细胞(Treg)水平,血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、Klotho水平升高,且试验组更高(P<0.05)。治疗期间,两组不良反应发生率接近,均未影响继续治疗(P>0.05)。结论:雷火灸、穴位贴敷治疗慢性肾脏病3~4期的疗效较好,可改善肾功能、免疫功能,调节血清TGF-β1、Klotho、FGF23水平表达,降低肾脏损伤,安全性良好。

Clinical application of improved 2D computer-assisted fluoroscopic navigation through simulating a 3D vertebrae image to guide pedicle screw internal fixation

Objective To study the effect of using improved 2D computer-assisted fluoroscopic navigation through simulating 3D vertebrae image to guide pedicle screw internal fixation.Methods Posterior pedicle screw internal fixation,distraction

传统蒙药乌兰-3汤的简述

目的:通过查阅文献对传统蒙药乌兰-3汤的方解、基源考证、化学成分、质量控制、组方药理作用及其临床应用进行简述,为进一步开发利用提供参考依据。方法:通过收集并整理文献材料、蒙医药古籍,结合临床应用现状,采用文献综述方法对传统蒙药乌兰-3汤的方解、化学成分、质量控制、组方药理作用以及临床应用概况进行综述。结果:乌兰-3汤是蒙医传统方剂,来源于蒙医经典著作《诊治明医典》,现已收载于《中国百科全书·蒙医学》(1992年第一版)、《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准:蒙药》(1998版)、《内蒙古蒙成药标准》(1988补充版)、《传统蒙药与方剂》(2013年第一版)。具有清肺热、肾热等功效,用于肺、肾损伤性热,膀胱热,肾隐伏热,肺热咳嗽,痰中带血,膀胱刺痛,尿频、尿痛。结论:传统蒙药乌兰-3汤的临床应用为进一步研究和开发提供参考。

增刚成核剂NAA-3在抗冲共聚PP中的应用性能研究

研究开发了一种羧酸盐类增刚成核剂NAA-3,此成核剂化学性质稳定,在抗冲共聚PP中具有显著的成核效果。抗冲共聚PP具有高热变形温度、良好的耐划痕性以及低温抗冲击性和良好的刚韧平衡性,制品成型周期短,成型加工性能优异的特点,但树脂的冲击强度还受结晶度、晶粒尺寸、橡胶相大小、形态、分布及基体结合的紧密度等的影响[1]。经增刚成核剂NAA-3改性后的抗冲共聚PP的晶型尺寸细小,晶核多,分布均匀,结晶速率快等特点。增刚成核剂NAA-3不仅在抗冲共聚PP改性中极易分散,而且可显著缩短其成型周期,大大地提高PP结晶温度,增强PP制品刚性,提高制品表面光泽度,提高制品尺寸稳定性,减少制品收缩,防止制品应力开裂,提升抗冲共聚PP机械和热学等性能,可广泛应用于汽车、家用制品等领域,尤其在减小制品的翘曲变形方面具有突出的作用,深受广大用户好评。

高比表面积α-Al_(2)O_(3)在催化剂中的应用及展望

高比表面积α-Al_(2)O_(3)在室温下为热力学不稳定相,合成难度较大。但其表面惰性、机械强度高、水热稳定性高且对活性金属的分散能力强,使其在催化剂载体应用领域具有重要优势。本文总结了高比表面积α-Al_(2)O_(3)制备方法的最新研究进展,介绍了其在催化剂中的应用实例。根据材料特性,对α-Al_(2)O_(3)作为催化剂载体可应用的潜在反应类型进行了展望,为其后续研发和应用提供参考。

Rui Liao's work on patient-specific 3-D model guidance for interventional and hybrid-operating-room applications

Compared to surgery,interventional and hybrid-operating-room(OR) approaches diagnose or treat pathology with the most minimally invasive techniques possible.By minimizing the physical trauma to the patient,peripheral or hybrid approaches can reduce infection rates and recovery time as well as shorten hospital stays.Minimally invasive approaches therefore are the trend and often the preferred choice,and may even be the only option for the patients associated with high surgery risks.Common interventional imaging modalities include 2-D X-ray fluoroscopy and ultrasound.However,fluoroscopic images do not display the anatomic structures without a contrast agent,which on the other hand,needs to be minimized for patients' safety.Ultrasound images suffer from relatively low image quality and tissue contrast problems.To augment the doctor's view of the patient's anatomy and help doctors navigate the devices to the targeted area with more confidence and a higher accuracy,high-resolution pre-operative volumetric data such as computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance can be fused with intra-operative 2-D images during interventions.A seamless workflow and accurate 2-D/3-D registrationas well as cardiac and/or respiratory motion compensation are the key components for a successful image guidance system using a patient-specific 3-D model.Dr.Liao's research has been focused on developing methods and systems of 3-D model guidance for various interventions and hybrid-OR applications.Dr.Liao' s work has led to several Siemens products with high clinical and/or market impact and a good number of scientific publications in leading journals/conferences on medical imaging.

New Method for 3D Transient Eddy Current Field Calculation and Its Application in Magneto-Acoustic Tomography

A new method of 3D transient eddy current field calculation is proposed. The Maxwell equations with time component elimination （METCE） are derived under the assumption of magnetic quasi static approximation, especially for the sample of low conductivity. Based on METCE, we deduce a more efficient reconstruction algorithm of a 3D transient eddy current field. The computational burden is greatly reduced through the new algorithm, and the computational efficiency is improved. This new algorithm decompounds the space-time variables into two individual variables. The idea is to solve the spatial vector component firstly, and then multiply it by the corresponded time component. The iterative methods based on METCE are introduced to recover the distribution of conductivity in magneto-acoustic tomography. The reconstructed images of conductivity are consistent with the original distribution, which validate the new method.

The Application of 3-D Visible Technology to Reservoir Management

The paper deals with the application of 3 -D visible technology to reservoir management. Making use of this method for expanding - spread data point in reservoir management, can discard the false and retain the true during data recording. As a result, The quality of data recording is ensured. In reservoir description, the reservoir characteristics, such as space distribution,physical change and fluid distribution may be identified by restoring palaeostructures, building - up 3-D facics tract model and 3-D fracture system model. Seismic interpretation, geologic modeling and numerical simulation are well integrated so that they can be promote reservoir performance management to develop into the intensive management pattern.

Effects of N Application Rates and NO_3-N to NH_4-N Ratios on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Planted in Black Soil

A field experiment about effects of nitrogen application rates and different NO3-N to NH4-N ratios on agronomic, chemical and biological characteristics as well as yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco grown in a black soil was conducted from 2004 to 2005 in Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that the nitrogen application rates at 45 kg·hm^-2 with the ratio of 75% NO3-N to 25% NH4-N resulted in the highest potassium and reducing sugar contents in the flue-cured tobacco leaving with the highest quality grade and value. It is recommended that this ni- trogen application rate and NO3-N to NH4-N ratio should be widely applied on flue-cured tobacco grown in the black soil in Heilongjiang Province.

AN SCF-CI STUDY OF HIGHLY EXCITED VIBRATIONAL STATES OF BENT TRIATOMIC MOLECULES AND ITS APPLICATION TO O_(3)

A self-consistent-field—configuration interaction(SCF-CI)procedure of studying highly excited vibrational states of bent triatomic molecules is suggested and its application to O_3 is investigated.

THE APPLICATION OF SEROTONIN AND 5-HVDROXYINDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF APUDOMA

In our report, the values of whole blood serotonin (5-HT) in 87 apudoma patients (diagnosed by operation and pathology) were summarized. Among them, the levels of urinary 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) of 44 patients were also tested. The results showed that both parametres of apudoma patients were higher than those of non-apudoma, post-operative patients of apudoma as well as the normal. The increasing extent of the levels of whole blood 5-HT and urinary 5-HIAA in small intestinal carcihoid was the most obvious one but that of rectum was not. The referable diagnostic values suggested were: 5-HT>130 ng ml, 5-HIAA>30 mg/ 24 hours.

ELECTRONEGATIVITY TOPOLOGICAL INDEX AND ITS APPLICATION IN CORRELATION WITH MX,MX_2,MX_3,MX_4 MOLECULAR PROPERTIES

A New electronegativity topological index is defined and used to correlate with properties of MX,MX_2,MX_3,MX_4.

Application of real-time 3d echocardiography in mitral valve repair for replacement of chordae tendineae

Objective To investigate the surgical technique and outcomes of replacement of chordae tendineae in mitral valve repair,and evaluate the value of real-time three-di-mensional transesophageal echocardiography in the perioperative period. Methods Thirty-one patients with mitral valve prolapse underwent mitral valve repair using chordae tendineae replacement concomitant with implantation