Corrigendum: Astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression impairs learning and memory ability in ischemic stroke via altered hippocampal neurogenesis and lipid metabolism

In the article titled“Astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression impairs learning and memory ability in ischemic stroke via altered hippocampal neurogenesis and lipid metabolism,”published on pages 650-656,Issue 3,Volume 19 of Neural Regeneration Research(Li et al.,2024),there were two errors that needed to be corrected.

Pyrroloquinoline quinone:a potential neuroprotective compound for neurodegenerative diseases targeting metabolism

Pyrroloquinoline quinone is a quinone described as a cofactor for many bacterial dehydrogenases and is reported to exert an effect on metabolism in mammalian cells/tissues.Pyrroloquinoline quinone is present in the diet being available in foodstuffs,conferring the potential of this compound to be supplemented by dietary administration.Pyrroloquinoline quinone’s nutritional role in mammalian health is supported by the extensive deficits in reproduction,growth,and immunity resulting from the dietary absence of pyrroloquinoline quinone,and as such,pyrroloquinoline quinone has been considered as a“new vitamin.”Although the classification of pyrroloquinoline quinone as a vitamin needs to be properly established,the wide range of benefits for health provided has been reported in many studies.In this respect,pyrroloquinoline quinone seems to be particularly involved in regulating cell signaling pathways that promote metabolic and mitochondrial processes in many experimental contexts,thus dictating the rationale to consider pyrroloquinoline quinone as a vital compound for mammalian life.Through the regulation of different metabolic mechanisms,pyrroloquinoline quinone may improve clinical deficits where dysfunctional metabolism and mitochondrial activity contribute to induce cell damage and death.Pyrroloquinoline quinone has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective properties in different experimental models of neurodegeneration,although the link between pyrroloquinoline quinone-promoted metabolism and improved neuronal viability in some of such contexts is still to be fully elucidated.Here,we review the general properties of pyrroloquinoline quinone and its capacity to modulate metabolic and mitochondrial mechanisms in physiological contexts.In addition,we analyze the neuroprotective properties of pyrroloquinoline quinone in different neurodegenerative conditions and consider future perspectives for pyrroloquinoline quinone’s potential in health and disease.

Cholesterol metabolism: physiological versus pathological aspects in intracerebral hemorrhage

Cholesterol is an important component of plasma membranes and participates in many basic life functions,such as the maintenance of cell membrane stability,the synthesis of steroid hormones,and myelination.Cholesterol plays a key role in the establishment and maintenance of the central nervous system.The brain contains 20%of the whole body’s cholesterol,80%of which is located within myelin.A huge number of processes(e.g.,the sterol regulatory element-binding protein pathway and liver X receptor pathway)participate in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in the brain via mechanisms that include cholesterol biosynthesis,intracellular transport,and efflux.Certain brain injuries or diseases involving crosstalk among the processes above can affect normal cholesterol metabolism to induce detrimental consequences.Therefore,we hypothesized that cholesterol-related molecules and pathways can serve as therapeutic targets for central nervous system diseases.Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most severe hemorrhagic stroke subtype,with high mortality and morbidity.Historical cholesterol levels are associated with the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage.Moreover,secondary pathological changes after intracerebral hemorrhage are associated with cholesterol metabolism dysregulation,such as neuroinflammation,demyelination,and multiple types of programmed cell death.Intracellular cholesterol accumulation in the brain has been found after intracerebral hemorrhage.In this paper,we review normal cholesterol metabolism in the central nervous system,the mechanisms known to participate in the disturbance of cholesterol metabolism after intracerebral hemorrhage,and the links between cholesterol metabolism and cell death.We also review several possible and constructive therapeutic targets identified based on cholesterol metabolism to provide cholesterol-based perspectives and a reference for those interested in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Risk factors for developing osteoporosis in diabetic kidney disease and its correlation with calcium-phosphorus metabolism,FGF23,and Klotho

BACKGROUND The progression of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)affects the patient’s kidney glomeruli and tubules,whose normal functioning is essential for maintaining normal calcium(Ca)and phosphorus(P)metabolism in the body.The risk of developing osteoporosis(OP)in patients with DKD increases with the aggravation of the disease,including a higher risk of fractures,which not only affects the quality of life of patients but also increases the risk of death.AIM To analyze the risk factors for the development of OP in patients with DKD and their correlation with Ca-P metabolic indices,fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23),and Klotho.METHODS One hundred and fifty-eight patients with DKD who were admitted into the Wuhu Second People’s Hospital from September 2019 to May 2021 were selected and divided into an OP group(n=103)and a normal bone mass group(n=55)according to their X-ray bone densitometry results.Baseline data and differences in Ca-P biochemical indices,FGF23,and Klotho were compared.The correlation of Ca-P metabolic indices with FGF23 and Klotho was discussed,and the related factors affecting OP in patients with DKD were examined by multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS The OP group had a higher proportion of females,an older age,and a longer diabetes mellitus duration than the normal group(all P<0.05).Patients in the OP group exhibited significantly higher levels of intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH),blood P,Ca-P product(Ca×P),fractional excretion of phosphate(FeP),and FGF23,as well as lower estimated glomerular filtration rate,blood Ca,24-hour urinary phosphate excretion(24-hour UPE),and Klotho levels(all P<0.05).In the OP group,25-(OH)-D3,blood Ca,and 24-hour UPE were negatively correlated with FGF23 and positively correlated with Klotho.In contrast,iPTH,blood Ca,Ca×P,and FeP exhibited a positive correlation with FGF23 and an inverse association with Klotho(all P<0.05).Moreover,25-(OH)-D3,iPTH,blood Ca,FePO4,FGF23,Klotho,age,and female gender were key factors that affected the lumbar and left femoral neck bone mineral density.CONCLUSION The Ca-P metabolism metabolic indexes,FGF23,and Klotho in patients with DKD are closely related to the occurrence and development of OP.

Effect of cholesterol metabolism on hepatolithiasis

Surgical intervention is currently the primary treatment for hepatolithiasis;how-ever,some patients still experience residual stones and high recurrence rates after surgery.Cholesterol metabolism seems to play an important role in hepatoli-thiasis pathogenesis.A high cholesterol diet is one of the significant reasons for the increasing incidence of hepatolithiasis.Therefore,regular diet and appropriate medical intervention are crucial measures to prevent hepatolithiasis and reduce recurrence rate after surgery.Reducing dietary cholesterol and drugs that increase cholesterol stone solubility are key therapeutic approaches in treating hepato-lithiasis.This article discusses the cholesterol metabolic pathways related to the pathogenesis of hepatolithiasis,as well as food intake and targeted therapeutic drugs.

Targeting sepsis through inflammation and oxidative metabolism

Infection is a public health problem and represents a spectrum of disease that can result in sepsis and septic shock.Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infection.Septic shock is the most severe form of sepsis which leads to distributive shock and high mortality rates.There have been significant advances in sepsis management mainly focusing on early identification and therapy.However,complicating matters is the lack of reliable diagnostic tools and the poor specificity and sensitivity of existing scoring tools i.e.,systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA),or quick SOFA.These limitations have underscored the modest progress in reducing sepsis-related mortality.This review will focus on novel therapeutics such as oxidative stress targets,cytokine modulation,endothelial cell modulation,etc.,that are being conceptualized for the management of sepsis and septic shock.

Liver as a new target organ in Alzheimer's disease:insight from cholesterol metabolism and its role in amyloid-beta clearance

Alzheimer's disease,the primary cause of dementia,is characterized by neuropathologies,such as amyloid plaques,synaptic and neuronal degeneration,and neurofibrillary tangles.Although amyloid plaques are the primary characteristic of Alzheimer's disease in the central nervous system and peripheral organs,targeting amyloid-beta clearance in the central nervous system has shown limited clinical efficacy in Alzheimer's disease treatment.Metabolic abnormalities are commonly observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease.The liver is the primary peripheral organ involved in amyloid-beta metabolism,playing a crucial role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease.Notably,impaired cholesterol metabolism in the liver may exacerbate the development of Alzheimer's disease.In this review,we explore the underlying causes of Alzheimer's disease and elucidate the role of the liver in amyloid-beta clearance and cholesterol metabolism.Furthermore,we propose that restoring normal cholesterol metabolism in the liver could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing Alzheimer's disease.

Longitudinal assessment of peripheral organ metabolism and the gut microbiota in an APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease not only affects the brain,but also induces metabolic dysfunction in peripheral organs and alters the gut microbiota.The aim of this study was to investigate systemic changes that occur in Alzheimer’s disease,in particular the association between changes in peripheral organ metabolism,changes in gut microbial composition,and Alzheimer’s disease development.To do this,we analyzed peripheral organ metabolism and the gut microbiota in amyloid precursor protein-presenilin 1(APP/PS1)transgenic and control mice at 3,6,9,and 12 months of age.Twelve-month-old APP/PS1 mice exhibited cognitive impairment,Alzheimer’s disease-related brain changes,distinctive metabolic disturbances in peripheral organs and fecal samples(as detected by untargeted metabolomics sequencing),and substantial changes in gut microbial composition compared with younger APP/PS1 mice.Notably,a strong correlation emerged between the gut microbiota and kidney metabolism in APP/PS1 mice.These findings suggest that alterations in peripheral organ metabolism and the gut microbiota are closely related to Alzheimer’s disease development,indicating potential new directions for therapeutic strategies.

Identification of Secondary Metabolites in Tunisian Tilia platyphyllos Scop.Using MALDI-TOF and GC-MS

This study is the first to evaluate the phytochemical content and biological properties of Tunisian T.platyphyllos Scop.A total of 23 compounds of essential oils were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis of bracts and fruit extracts.The results show that oxygenated monoterpenes were the dominant class of essential oils.The phenolic composition was investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationtime of flight(MALDI-TOF).The analysis showed that the chemical profiles of the ethanolic extracts of bracts and fruits are substantially similar.The highest polyphenol content was found in the ethanolic extracts of the fruits(7.65 mg gallic acid equivalents(GAE).g−1 on dry weight(DW).As for the antioxidant capacity,it was recorded in the essential oils of the fruits(IC_(50)=0.91 mg.mL^(−1)).The results obtained showed that the antioxidant activity of the fruit essential oil was higher than that of the ethanol extract.The fruit essential oil was also found to have the highest reducing power(IC_(50)=0.67 mg.mL^(−1)).In terms of iron-chelating power,fruit essential oil has the highest chelating power(IC_(50)=2.03 mg.mL^(−1)).Compared to the ethanolic extract,the essential oil had the maximum antioxidant capacity.The enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase(AChE)inhibition of the essential oil from T.platyphyllos bracts had the most potent inhibitory effect(IC_(50)=0.77 mg.mL^(−1)),followed by the essential oil from the fruits(IC_(50)=0.95 mg.mL^(−1)).The results suggest that T.platyphyllos can be used as a potential source of naturally occurring bioactive compounds and antioxidants.

Comparative <i>in Vitro</i>Studies of the Metabolism of Six 4-Substituted Methamphetamines and Their Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 2D6 by GC-MS with Trifluoroacetyl Derivatization

Use of new amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) as designer drugs is a serious problem worldwide. ATS are used in tablet, capsule, and powder forms, and can be mixed with other drugs. There is little information available on how these new drugs are metabolized or their ability to inhibit the metabolism of co-administered drugs. This study aimed to investigate the metabolism of six 4-substituted analogs of methamphetamine (MA), and their potential inhibition of MA metabolism. The metabolism of MA and the 4-substituted MAs was examined in vitro using human metabolic enzymes. Metabolite analyses were performed using trifluoroacetyl derivatization and GC-MS. The experiments showed that cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) was involved in the major metabolic pathway of MA, where it catalyzed N-demethylation of 4-fluoromethamphetamine (4-FMA), 4-chloromethamphetamine (4-CMA), 4-bromomethamphetamine (4-BMA), 4-iodomethamphetamine (4-IMA) and 4-nitromethamphetamine (4-NMA), and O-demethylation of 4-methoxymethamphetamine (4-MMA). The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for CYP2D6 using MA as substrate were different for each of the 4-substituted MAs. The strongest inhibitors of amphetamine production from MA were, in order, 4-IMA, 4-BMA, 4-CMA, 4-MMA, 4-FMA, and 4-NMA. The same order was observed for the IC50 values for inhibition of p-hydroxymethamphetamine production from MA, except for the IC50 of 4-MMA. The IC50 values of 4-IMA were lower than the IC50 values of fluoxetine and higher than that of quinidine. The results of this study imply that the risk of illicit drug interactions fluctuates so widely that unintentional fatal drug poisonings could occur.

GC-MS结合电子鼻技术对不同茶区茉莉花茶香气的差异比较

为探究不同产区茉莉花茶香气差异,采用气相色谱-质谱(GasChromatography-Mass Spectrometry,GC-MS)结合电子鼻(Electronic Nose,E-nose)技术对西南、华南、江南三大茶区的8种茉莉花茶进行香气研究。结果表明,8个样品共鉴定出香气成分58种,其中西南、江南、华南茶区分别为45种、51种、47种。江南茶区香气化合物总量最高。共有香气成分主要包括邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、顺式-3-己烯醇苯甲酸酯、乙酸苄酯、水杨酸甲酯、芳樟醇、吲哚等。其中水杨酸甲酯在江南茶区含量最高(22.32μg/g),分别较华南、西南茶区高33.96%、68.01%;邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯(67.39μg/g)和吲哚(43.84μg/g)含量在华南茶区最高。茉莉花茶香气评价指数(JasmineTea Flavor Index,JTF index)分析表明西南茶区样品等级最高。香气聚类分析将共有香气成分分为3类,分别呈花香、茉莉花香和草木香。通过电子鼻技术可知样品香气物质变化与硫化物、碳氢化合物、芳香化合物有关,并能有效区别样品香气。综上,三大茶区样品香气种类差异不明显,但各香气成分含量差异显著(P<0.05),江南和华南茶区的样品特征性香气成分含量较高,西南茶区样品综合指数高。

基于GC-IMS和GC-MS技术结合化学计量法分析干燥方式对香椿挥发性成分的影响

为研究干燥方式对香椿挥发性风味物质的影响,利用气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术(gaschromatography-ion mobility spectrometry,GC-IMS)和气相色谱-质谱联用技术(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)、相对香气活性值(relative odor activity value,ROAV)对真空冷冻干燥、热泵干燥、热风干燥、微波真空干燥的香椿样品进行挥发性成分分析,并进一步结合化学计量方法主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares-discriminant analysis,PLS-DA),探究样品间挥发性成分的差异性。结果表明,通过GC-IMS检测到78个峰,鉴定出59种化合物。通过GC-MS鉴定出94种挥发性化合物,主要挥发性成分是硫化物、烯烃类和醛类。经过干燥后总挥发性化合物的含量显著降低。通过ROAV法确定了(E,Z)-二-1-丙烯基二硫化物、2-巯基-3,4-二甲基-2,3-二氢噻吩、正己醛、2-己烯醛、丁香酚等为香椿样品中关键香气化合物。PCA和PLS-DA结果表明,不同干燥方式的样品与新鲜样品有明显的分离,彼此之间也有明显的区别。鲜样和真空冷冻干燥样品为一组,其他3个干燥香椿样品为一组。根据变量投影重要性(variable importance in projection,VIP)得分共筛选出10种(VIP>1)标志挥发性化合物。干燥方式对香椿风味特性影响显著,真空冷冻干燥组与鲜样最为接近,考虑实际应用热泵干燥为香椿最适宜的脱水方式。本研究为热加工过程中风味品质控制提供一定的理论参考。

硅烷衍生化GC-MS检测香精中糖类物质成分

建立了基于硅烷衍生化气相色谱-质谱联用法快速检测香精中17种糖类物质的方法。结果表明:衍生化的最佳条件为以BSTFA为衍生化试剂、衍生化温度40℃、衍生化时间40 min,在此条件下共鉴定出17种糖类物质。17种糖类物质在一定质量浓度内具有良好的线性关系(R^(2)>0.99)。方法的检出限为0.027~0.077μg/mL,加标回收率为94.80%~110.03%,相对标准偏差为3.03%~8.06%。实际样品测定结果表明,建立的方法能够快速准确地检测香精中17种糖类物质成分,满足对香精中糖类物质的同时检测。

托里阿魏挥发油的GC-MS指纹图谱及抗宫颈癌作用研究

目的建立托里阿魏挥发油的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)指纹图谱,并考察托里阿魏挥发油的抗宫颈癌作用。方法采用有机溶剂提取法提取托里阿魏根的挥发油,并通过GC-MS鉴定所含成分。通过MTT比色法考察不同浓度托里阿魏挥发油对人宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖的抑制作用。采用Transwell法检测托里阿魏挥发油对人宫颈癌Hela细胞迁移、侵袭能力的影响。应用流式细胞术检测托里阿魏挥发油作用下的细胞凋亡率。结果托里阿魏挥发油中鉴别出58种化学成分,含量最多的是孕酮。托里阿魏挥发油对人宫颈癌Hela细胞的增殖有一定的抑制作用,IC50为55.21μg/ml。托里阿魏高、低剂量组与对照组相比,迁移和侵袭细胞数量显著减少(P<0.01)。结论托里阿魏挥发油中含量最高的是酮类化合物。托里阿魏提取物有一定的抗肿瘤作用。

闽南产罗勒不同部位挥发油的GC-MS成分分析及其抑菌活性比较

目的对闽南产罗勒不同部位挥发油的成分进行分析及抑菌活性比较。方法通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取闽南产罗勒不同部位(种子、叶、根、茎)的挥发油,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术,鉴定其化学成分组成;并以金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌作为鉴定菌,采用滤纸片扩散法比较罗勒四个部位挥发油的体外抗菌活性。结果从闽南产罗勒种子、叶、根、茎分别鉴定出30、26、16和26种挥发性化合物;种子和叶片的抑菌活力显著,根部和茎部的抑菌活性弱。结论罗勒种子和叶子在化学成分种类和主成分含量上相近,并表现出对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌相当的抑菌活性;根、茎部挥发油的抑菌力弱。

GC-MS分析大莪术根茎挥发油成分

文章分析了大莪术根茎挥发性成分,并探究不同加工方法对其成分的影响,为大莪术的加工工艺筛选和进一步的研究开发提供实验依据。利用冷冻干燥和真空干燥处理新鲜的大莪术根茎样品,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取大莪术挥发油,应用GC毛细管柱进行分离、质谱检测、面积归一化法测定相对含量,分析其挥发性化学成分。由于不同干燥方法加工大莪术根茎挥发油的组分绝大部分相同,但是相对含量存在一定差异。实验证明,大莪术根茎主要含有表莪术呋喃烯酮、β-榄香烯、β-桉叶醇、吉马酮、莪术双环烯酮、蓬莪术环氧酮、莪术烯、β-石竹烯等挥发性成分,均具有一定的生理活性,具有广泛的开发前景。

鼻吸能量棒中挥发性成分的GC-MS法检验

鼻吸能量棒在中小学生中的风靡引起社会各界的普遍关注和极大担忧,对其成分进行检验可为明确其是否具有身体危害性提供依据。利用固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对收集到的15个品牌21种不同气味的30个鼻吸能量棒样品进行检验,共检出69种化合物,除包装标明的樟脑、冰片、薄荷脑所含有的左旋樟脑、右旋樟脑、龙脑、异龙脑、薄荷醇等主要成分外,还检出化妆品行业常用溶剂C11、C12、C13、C16的异构烷烃和丰富的烯烃、酯类、醇类、醛类等植物精油、合成香料原料及中间体成分。对相同品牌不同气味、不同品牌相同气味的鼻吸能量棒检出成分进行综合分析和分类比对,结果表明,鼻吸能量棒成分复杂,含量各异,且与包装标示不符,长期滥用能够危害人的身体健康,加之使用方式有诱导吸毒的负面示范效应,急需规范整治。

三种柑橘类精油的GC-MS分析及抑菌活性对比

选取陈皮、柠檬和金桔这三种柑橘类植物为原料,利用超临界CO_(2)萃取法高效提取精油。采用GC-MS分析样品成分,进而探究三种精油对金黄色葡萄球菌和烟曲霉菌的抑菌活性。研究表明:柠檬精油中的醇类(3.41%)、醛类(2.55%)、酮类(2.03%)、酯类(7.17%)和除柠檬烯以外的萜烯类化合物(34.06%)含量较高,D-柠檬烯含量是这三种精油中最低的(46.52%);陈皮精油中的萜烯类(86.34%)、酚类化合物(1.82%)含量较高;金桔精油中的酸类化合物(12.71%)和D-柠檬烯(72.69%)含量较高。精油对金黄色葡萄球菌和烟曲霉菌的抑菌活性均为柠檬精油>陈皮精油>金桔精油。在这三种柑橘类精油中D-柠檬烯并非是唯一的抑菌成分,精油的抑菌活性也与除D-柠檬烯以外的抑菌成分密切相关。其中柠檬精油中含量丰富的γ-松油烯和β-蒎烯等其他抑菌成分可与D-柠檬烯协同起到有效提高精油抑菌活性的作用。该方法所提取的精油可为相关天然抑菌产品研发提供一定帮助。

GC-MS法同时测定枸杞中16种农药残留的含量及安全性评价

目的建立GC-MS法同时测定枸杞中16种农药残留量的含量,并进行安全性评价。方法分析采用DB-5MS色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm);程序升温;进样量1.0μL,不分流;体积流量1.0 mL/min;进样口温度250℃;电子轰击电离(EI),电子能量70 eV;离子源温度230℃;多反应监测模式;碰撞气高纯N_(2)。采用残留水平、膳食摄入风险、风险排序和累积暴露评估对农药残留膳食风险相对较高的农药进行分析与讨论。结果16种农药在各自范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.9944),平均加样回收率70%~114%,RSD小于2%。产地枸杞和商超枸杞均未出现农药残留超标情况;产地枸杞中氟氯氰菊酯的平均残留量最高,为0.9992 mg/kg,商超枸杞中氯氰菊酯的平均残留量最高,为0.0884 mg/kg;产地枸杞和商超枸杞的慢性和急性膳食风险最高的农药均是氯氰菊酯;溴氰菊酯、哒螨灵、毒死蜱、敌敌畏、杀扑磷风险较高,但实际检测中只有哒螨灵被检出,并且未超标;产地、商超枸杞慢性危害指数(HI)值分别为0.0129、0.0012,急性HI值分别为0.0655、0.0054。结论部分枸杞样品存在农药残留,但均处于安全水平,喷洒农药时需要注意氯氰菊酯的使用。

白木香6个不同种质所结沉香的GC-MS分析

本研究旨在为区分白木香不同种质、品种选育及有针对性地开发利用等方面提供科学依据,以白木香6个不同种质的结香样品为研究对象,分别为海香1号(Aquilaria sinensis‘Haixiang 1’)、海香2号(A.sinensis‘Haixiang 2’)、海香3号(A.sinensis‘Haixiang3’)、皮油种、大叶种和囊泡种。采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法对乙醚法超声提取的结香样品成分进行分析研究。结果表明:6个不同种质所结沉香的挥发性成分中倍半萜类较高,而色酮类较低;种质间差异较大,共有成分仅有2个,即叔丁基对甲酚和2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)。倍半萜类成分的数量(10~26种)和总相对含量(25.39%~87.50%)较高,以白木香醛为主,其中海香3号中的倍半萜类数量和含量最高。色酮类的数量(1~3种)和总相对含量(4.66%~37.32%)较低,以2-(2-苯乙基)色酮为主,其中海香1号中的色酮类数量和含量最高,而海香3号、大叶种和囊泡种中均未检出。海香1号、海香2号、海香3号和皮油种所结沉香具有较丰富的致香成分,如白木香醛、7α-H-9(10)-烯-11,12-环氧-8-氧艾里莫芬烷和卡拉酮等;海香2号、海香3号、皮油种和囊泡种所结沉香中含有多种倍半萜成分,如沉香螺旋醇和沉香雅槛蓝醇等;海香1号和海香2号所结沉香中的苄基丙酮成分含量较高;海香1号、海香3号和大叶种所结沉香中的7α-H-9(10)-烯-11,12-环氧-8-氧艾里莫芬烷和6,7-二甲氧基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮等成分含量较高。白木香6个不同种质所结沉香的挥发性成分在种类及含量上具有较大差异,可根据活性成分的差异进行有针对性地开发。