Control of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Frequency Regulation Using a Coordinated Self-adaptive Method

Power inverter adopting virtual synchronous generator(VSG)control can provide inertia support for distributed generation systems.However,it cannot take into account the dynamic regulation characteristics of frequency.Thus,when the system encounters a sudden change in load or disturbance,the dynamic process of frequency regulation will be greatly influenced.In view of this issue,an improved VSG control strategy based on a coordinated self-adaptive(CSA)method is proposed.The time domain analysis method is used to study the influences of virtual inertia and damping parameter perturbation on the system steady and dynamic performances.Furthermore,in order to make the control strategy suitable for large load changes and suppress frequency variations beyond the limit,the secondary frequency modulation is introduced into the control loop.Through the coordinated adaptive control of virtual inertia,virtual damping and frequency modulation,the dynamic performance of vSG frequency regulation can be obviously improved.Simulation and experiment results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed CSA control strategy.

Stochastic response analysis of noisy system with non-negative real-power restoring force by generalized cell mapping method

The stochastic response of a noisy system with non-negative restoring force is investigated. The generalized cell mapping （GCM） method compute the transient and stationary probability density functions （PDFs） real-power is used to Combined with the global properties of the noise-free system, the evolutionary process of the tran- sient PDFs is revealed. The results show that stochastic P-bifurcation occurs when the system parameter varies in the response analysis and the stationary PDF evolves from bimodal to unimodal along the unstable manifold during the bifurcation.

Optimal design of coordination control strategy for distributed generation system

This paper presents a novel design procedure for optimizing the power distribution strategy in distributed generation system. A coordinating controller, responsible to distribute the total load power request among multiple DG units, is suggested based on the conception of hierarchical control structure in the dynamic system. The optimal control problem was formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem subject to set of constraints. The resulting problem was solved using the Kuhn-Tucker method. Computer simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can provide better efficiency in terms of reducing total costs compared to existing methods. In addition, the proposed optimal load distribution strategy can be easily implemented in real-time thanks to the simplicity of closed-form solutions.

基于RPC的光储接入牵引供电系统协调控制方法

为将光伏发电接入牵引供电系统进行有效利用,同时兼顾牵引供电系统电能质量改善及列车再生制动能量回收利用,提出了一种基于铁路功率调节器的光储系统接入牵引供电系统的协调控制方法.首先,搭建基于铁路功率调节器的光储系统接入牵引供电拓扑结构,并对其电能质量补偿机理进行理论分析;在此基础上,充分考虑光储系统的运行条件以及列车牵引、制动、空载或惰行工况,提出光储系统接入牵引供电的联合协调控制方法,实现了“光+储+荷”三者间的协调控制、牵引供电系统负序的动态补偿以及谐波的有效抑制;在RT-Lab实时仿真系统中建立了基于铁路功率调节器的光伏接入牵引供电系统仿真模型,并结合实际光照和牵引工况数据验证本文所提出的系统结构以及协调控制方法的有效性.结果表明:本文所提出的系统结构以及协调控制方法能够实现牵引供电系统中光储系统的有效接入,再生制动能量回收率提升至86.7%,功率因数提升6.4%,对谐波特别是高次谐波含有率有较大改善,满足光伏电能高效消纳及综合利用、电能质量动态综合补偿、再生制动能量回收多重需求.

考虑时段校核和季节性储能的多区互联电力系统年度发电计划

随着新能源发电量占比的提高,新能源发电量季节性波动引起的年度电力电量平衡问题更加明显。建立年度发电计划模型,提出一种典型时段校核方法;在年度发电计划制定的过程中引入季节性储能设备,建立季节性储氢模型和考虑水头位置的季节性抽水蓄能线性化模型;为了应对新能源出力的不确定性,提出考虑时段校核和季节性储能的年度发电计划三阶段建模方法。算例结果验证了所提模型的有效性。

基于集群动态划分的配电网无功电压自律-协同控制

针对高渗透率分布式光伏接入配电网导致的电压越限问题,以及传统集中式控制面临的通信延时、计算量大与控制设备过多等问题,提出一种基于集群动态划分的配电网无功电压自律-协同控制方法。首先,建立日前集中式无功电压优化模型,安排离散无功补偿设备投退计划,日内调度以节点电压偏差最小为目标建立日内无功电压滚动优化模型,结合同步型交替方向乘子法实现各集群间的分布式协调控制;然后,通过群内本地电压实时控制抑制群内节点电压的波动;最终,以改进的IEEE 33节点系统及某地实际60节点配电网为例,验证了该方法的正确性与有效性。

基于双向安德森加速分解协调算法的输配协同无功优化

新型电力系统中新能源渗透率不断增加,输电网和配电网协同运行环境复杂多变,对输配协同优化算法的收敛性提出了更高的挑战。鉴于此,应用广义主从分裂法将输配协同无功优化问题分解为输电网和多个配电网的并行优化问题;为改善广义主从分裂法的计算效率,提出了基于功率、电压等多元信息交互及历史信息修正的双向安德森加速策略;在此基础上,提出了融合原对偶内点法、启发式算法和辅助函数的输配协同无功优化方法,实现了输电网和配电网多种类灵活性资源的协调配合和优化控制。算例仿真结果表明,所提方法能有效改善主从分裂法边界的收敛性能,在大规模分布式能源接入的输配协同无功优化场景中具有更好的应用价值。

Application of the generalized body-fixed coordinate system for the wave-body interaction problem of a small-depth elastic structure in head seas

The body-fixed coordinate system is applied to the wave-body interaction problem of a small-depth elastic structure which has both rigid and elastic body motions in head waves.In the weakly non-linear assumption,the perturbation scheme is used and the expansion is conducted up to second-order to consider several non-linear quantities.To solve the boundary value problem,linearization is carried out based not on inertial coordinate but on body-fixed coordinate which could be accelerated by a motion of a body.At first,the main feature of the application of body-fixed coordinate system for a seakeeping problem is briefly described.After that the transformation of a coordinate system is extended to consider an elastic body motion and several physical variables are re-described in the generalized mode.It has been found that the deformation gradient could be used for the transformation of a coordinate system if several conditions are satisfied.Provided there are only vertical bending in elastic modes and the structure has relatively small depth,these conditions are generally satisfied.To calculate an elastic motion of a body,the generalized mode method is adopted and the mode shape is obtained by solving eigen-value problem of dynamic beam equation.In the boundary condition of the body-fixed coordinate system,the motion effect reflected to free-surface boundary is considered by extrapolating each mode shape to the horizontal direction from a body.At last,simple numerical tests are implemented as a validation process.The second-order hydrodynamic force of a freely floating hemisphere is first calculated in zero forward speed condition.Next,motion and added resistance of a ship with forward speed are considered at different flexibility to confirm the effect of an elastic body motion in body-fixed coordinate system.

Application of the Bottom-up Method on Risk Evaluation of Climate Change in Water Resources System

Traditional approach to evaluate the impacts of climate change on the water resources systems always begins with downscaling general circulation models( GCMs) and proceeding back to the hydrological model. This approach has some distinct disadvantages: 1) GCM must be downscaled; 2) different GCMs are difficult to be reconciled for a given climate change scenario;3) the uncertainty of GCMs is far from the requirement of the evaluation of climate change impacts. To overcome these limits of the traditional method,a new method termed as "bottom-up"was used for climate risk assessment that linked vulnerability assessment with climate information to assess the risk of climate change impacts on the Quabbin Reservoir,and United States under A2 scenario.The result shows that the risks are around 20% in 2006-2035 and 2036-2055,50% in 2066-2095.

运动学中点的合成运动分析方法

本文就运动学中点的合成运动分析方法进行了梳理与研讨。采用广义坐标方法推导了动参考系作一般运动下点的速度与加速度合成公式,并与教材中的表达式进行了对比。此外还采用本文提出的基于牵连点运动的分析方法,对点的合成运动进行了详细的研究,并重点讨论了两种分析方法的特点与应用。

基于改进TOPSIS的我国区域物流竞争力评价

为提升区域物流能力评价的有效性,基于CRITIC-熵权法和改进的加权广义马氏距离TOPSIS法,构建了区域物流竞争力评价指标体系及模型,该模型利用距离计算改进的TOPSIS,克服了评价指标体系相关性对评价结果造成的影响。以中国31个省份的相关数据进行实证分析,将评价结果与传统TOPSIS法进行比较,验证了改进TOPSIS法的有效性与稳定性,并基于评价结果对区域物流与经济的协调性进行研究。研究结果表明:中国各区域物流竞争力以沿海地区为首,向内逐渐减弱:沿海地区、华北和华东地区物流竞争力较强,西北和西南地区整体竞争力较弱;区域物流业与经济的耦合协调度整体处于中级协调阶段,区域物流需求能力与区域经济的耦合协调度较低。

Generalized time-dependent generator coordinate method for induced fission dynamics

The generalized time-dependent generator coordinate method(TD-GCM)is extended to include pairing correlations.The correlated GCM nuclear wave function is expressed in terms of time-dependent generator states and weight functions.The particle–hole channel of the effective interaction is determined by a Hamiltonian derived from an energy density functional,while pairing is treated dynamically in the standard BCS approximation with time-dependent pairing tensor and single-particle occupation probabilities.With the inclusion of pairing correlations,various time-dependent phenomena in open-shell nuclei can be described more realistically.The model is applied to the description of saddle-to-scission dynamics of induced fission.The generalized TD-GCM charge yields and total kinetic energy distribution for the fission of 240Pu,are compared to those obtained using the standard time-dependent density functional theory(TD-DFT)approach,and with available data.

两种北斗卫星精密星历外推方法的精度分析

国际全球卫星导航系统服务(IGS)中心只提供当天00:00:00—23:45:00的精密星历数据,若要获取当天完整的星历数据,往往采用坐标外推的方法得到23:45:00—24:00:00时段的星历数据。本文采用三角函数插值法和广义延拓逼近法对一段时间不同类型和不同时间间隔的北斗卫星精密星历轨道坐标进行外推。结果表明,GEO卫星精密星历轨道坐标外推精度优于IGSO卫星和MEO卫星;两种外推方法对于5 min时间间隔精密星历外推精度明显高于15 min时间间隔精密星历,且三角函数插值法外推精度优于广义延拓逼近法1~2个数量级。因此,在对北斗卫星精密星历进行轨道坐标外推时,可以优先采用精度更高的三角函数插值法和使用5 min时间间隔的星历数据进行外推计算。

薄壁箱梁广义坐标法刚度矩阵的推导及应用

在符拉索夫广义坐标法初参数方程的基础上,推导出可用于均布扭转荷载作用下薄壁箱梁翘曲分析的刚度矩阵,该刚度矩阵具有较高的单元精度,可用于由较多薄壁箱梁组成的复杂结构的整体有限元分析。通过对广义坐标法刚度矩阵和乌曼斯基理论、修正乌曼斯基理论求得薄壁箱梁的位移和应力进行分析比较,为各方法在实际工程中的应用提供一定的参考。

一般曲线坐标系平面二维水沙数学模型研究与应用

对笛卡尔坐标系下控制方程进行坐标变换,采用控制体积法与SIMPLE算法对方程进行离散和求解,建立了一般曲线坐标系平面二维全沙模型。模型控制方程离散时物理量布置采用同位网格,避免了采用交错网格时所需的大量插值计算,提高了计算效率。模型较全面地考虑了非均匀悬移质及推移质运动,具有较好的普遍适用性。通过长江沙市河段1996年至2001年实测水沙资料对模型进行了较系统的验证,计算结果表明模型能够较合理反映天然河道水沙运动及河床变形规律。

基于广义坐标形式牛顿-欧拉方法的空间并联机构动力学正问题分析

基于具有广义坐标形式的牛顿-欧拉方法建立一般空间并联机构动力学正问题建模与仿真的通用方法。在动力学建模时,选取空间并联机构动平台的工作空间变量作为系统广义坐标,从各构件的牛顿-欧拉方程出发,结合运动学逆解和虚功原理,得到与广义坐标相对应的系统动力学方程-运动微分方程和系统理想铰约束力方程。对6-UPS型空间并联机构进行动力学建模,计算外力作用下的动态响应,验证了该方法的有效性。理论分析和仿真案例表明,该方法可以简化并联机构动力学正问题的建模步骤,提高计算效率。

基于相分量法的新型换流变压器数学模型

与传统的换流变压器相比,自耦补偿与谐波屏蔽换流变压器具有独特的绕组联结方式。本文以变压器耦合电路原理为基础,以实际变压器设计参数为依据,首次以相分量法建立了反映新型换流变压器绕组联结特点、电气参数等信息的基本数学模型。并结合统一广义双侧消去法,通过对基本模型的拓展,建立了更为详细的计及中性点接地阻抗的节点拓展模型、计及二次角接三角形绕组抽头处滤波装置的支路拓展模型与将抽头处无源设备等效为变压器本体一部分的等效双绕组变压器模型,便于在实际工程中灵活应用。该建模方式合理、简捷、准确,对于解决各种复杂多绕组变压器建模问题具有普遍意义。实际算例表明,所建立的数学模型计算精度高,可用于解决电力系统中与变压器相关的各种实际工程的计算问题。

内嵌需求响应与优化运行策略的主动配电系统源网协同规划

针对主动配电系统的分布式电源与网络结构协同规划过程中难以同时考虑它们在运行环节交互作用的问题,提出了一种考虑多主体利益均衡及规划运行交替优化的数学模型和求解算法。首先,建立了分别以分布式电源和配电网各自成本效益最优为目标并内嵌需求响应与运行策略的3层优化框架及数学模型;其次,提出了基于拓扑等效原则的网络结构简化方法,并结合网架生成过程中拓扑结构变化特征的深入分析,提出了基于破圈法的单联络网络快速生成方法,制定了与之相结合的粒子群优化算法的编/解码方案;再次,基于网供负荷特性和用户需求响应意愿,提出了有源配电网动态分时电价优化方法及运行策略,并建立了内嵌精细化运行的源网协同规划求解流程;最后,通过算例验证了所述方法的合理性和有效性。

含分数阻尼特性元件的多体系统动力学研究

在绝对节点坐标体系下研究了具有分数导数阻尼特性元件的多体系统动力学建模、求解问题。采用基于绝对节点坐标的无闭锁效应剪变梁单元离散柔性构件,建立了含常数质量矩阵的系统动力学方程,并采用数值耗散可控的广义a方法求解。通过数值算例计算,对比研究了算法参数与阻尼项的分数指数对系统动力学响应的影响规律。该方法可以进一步扩展到众多工程实际问题研究中。

新的基于相分量的变压器模型及其在统一广义双侧消去法中的应用

提出了一种新的基于相分量的变压器模型,并通过对基本模型的拓展,将该模型成功地应用于统一广义双侧消去法中,克服了统一广义双侧消去法不能包含变压器的信息,不能直接对具有不同电压等级的复杂电力系统网络进行求解的缺陷,拓宽了统一广义双侧消去法的应用领域。该模型没有对变压器进行任何形式的等效,而是通过一导纳矩阵对变压器进行描述。该导纳矩阵包含了变压器各绕组的联结方式、变压器的电气参数及变压器中性点的接地方式等信息。实际算例表明,该模型计算精度高,且该模型所需的输入参数少,输入灵活,便于实际工程应用。