In the post-pandemic era,the global economic and security landscapes are fraught with complexities and uncertainties.Among them,four risk flashpoints merit attention:Certain countries are raising interest rates to sub...In the post-pandemic era,the global economic and security landscapes are fraught with complexities and uncertainties.Among them,four risk flashpoints merit attention:Certain countries are raising interest rates to subdue inflation,despite their already high levels of debt;the bulk commodities market is experiencing volatility,leading to global turbulence and change;trade protectionism is at the forefront of major-power rivalry in political and economic spheres;and regional security crises are compounding international tensions.Behind those flashpoints are contradictions that obstruct world peace and progress,including development imbalances,governance gaps,and structural tensions in global security.In the face of uncertainties,it is crucial for China to seize strategic opportunities and transform crises into favorable situations.China has launched the Global Development Initiative(GDI)and the Global Security Initiative(GSI)to contribute to global prosperity and security.The two initiatives demonstrate China’s commitment to addressing global deficits in peace,development,security,and governance.展开更多
为预测高原环境下缸内直喷(Gasoline Direct Injection, GDI)汽油车CO和PN的瞬时排放量,开发并评估了一套基于深度学习的排放预测模型。利用便携式车载排放测试系统对一辆GDI汽油车进行实际道路排放测试;加入奇异谱分析对原始时间序列...为预测高原环境下缸内直喷(Gasoline Direct Injection, GDI)汽油车CO和PN的瞬时排放量,开发并评估了一套基于深度学习的排放预测模型。利用便携式车载排放测试系统对一辆GDI汽油车进行实际道路排放测试;加入奇异谱分析对原始时间序列进行处理,剔除时间序列中的异常值;利用XGBoost模型对GDI汽油车的CO和PN的瞬时排放进行初步预测,并利用SVR模型进行残差修正得到最终的预测结果。将预测结果与实际道路排放试验中使用PEMS设备测量的实际值进行比较,结果表明,XGBoost-SVR排放预测模型能较好地预测GDI汽油车瞬时CO和PN的排放,相比单一的XGBoost模型,RMSE分别提高了22.9%和39.7%,决定系数R2均大于0.9,支持预测结果的可靠性。该模型对监测高原环境下GDI汽油车实际道路排放具有一定的工程意义。展开更多
To thrive in a world that is undergoing changes not seen in a century,China and Arab states must enhance solidarity and collaboration.CHINA and Arab states are all developing countries.Combined,they account for one-si...To thrive in a world that is undergoing changes not seen in a century,China and Arab states must enhance solidarity and collaboration.CHINA and Arab states are all developing countries.Combined,they account for one-sixth of the world’s land mass,one-fourth of the world’s population,and one-eighth of the world economy.展开更多
通过一款涡轮增压汽油直喷(gasoline direct injection,GDI)发动机低压废气再循环(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)的试验,研究了EGR率和点火提前角的综合作用对增压GDI发动机的燃烧、缸压、排放和油耗等方面的影响。结果表明,在GDI增...通过一款涡轮增压汽油直喷(gasoline direct injection,GDI)发动机低压废气再循环(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)的试验,研究了EGR率和点火提前角的综合作用对增压GDI发动机的燃烧、缸压、排放和油耗等方面的影响。结果表明,在GDI增压发动机中加入EGR后,由于废气的稀释和热容作用,使缸内燃烧持续期增大,排气温度下降,燃烧相位也发生了改变。这对发动机外特性的有利影响是油耗减少,CO和NO_x排放也明显减少;不利影响是EGR的加入提高了增压发动机的排气压力,导致泵气损失增加。此外,总碳氢(total hydro carbons,THC)排放也有所增加。在GDI增压汽油机中使用EGR系统并配合点火角的调节能够有效提高热效率,降低NO_x排放。展开更多
基金supported by the key project of the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC):“Study on China-Russia Strategic Partnership for the New Era”(Grant No.20AGJ012).
文摘In the post-pandemic era,the global economic and security landscapes are fraught with complexities and uncertainties.Among them,four risk flashpoints merit attention:Certain countries are raising interest rates to subdue inflation,despite their already high levels of debt;the bulk commodities market is experiencing volatility,leading to global turbulence and change;trade protectionism is at the forefront of major-power rivalry in political and economic spheres;and regional security crises are compounding international tensions.Behind those flashpoints are contradictions that obstruct world peace and progress,including development imbalances,governance gaps,and structural tensions in global security.In the face of uncertainties,it is crucial for China to seize strategic opportunities and transform crises into favorable situations.China has launched the Global Development Initiative(GDI)and the Global Security Initiative(GSI)to contribute to global prosperity and security.The two initiatives demonstrate China’s commitment to addressing global deficits in peace,development,security,and governance.
文摘为预测高原环境下缸内直喷(Gasoline Direct Injection, GDI)汽油车CO和PN的瞬时排放量,开发并评估了一套基于深度学习的排放预测模型。利用便携式车载排放测试系统对一辆GDI汽油车进行实际道路排放测试;加入奇异谱分析对原始时间序列进行处理,剔除时间序列中的异常值;利用XGBoost模型对GDI汽油车的CO和PN的瞬时排放进行初步预测,并利用SVR模型进行残差修正得到最终的预测结果。将预测结果与实际道路排放试验中使用PEMS设备测量的实际值进行比较,结果表明,XGBoost-SVR排放预测模型能较好地预测GDI汽油车瞬时CO和PN的排放,相比单一的XGBoost模型,RMSE分别提高了22.9%和39.7%,决定系数R2均大于0.9,支持预测结果的可靠性。该模型对监测高原环境下GDI汽油车实际道路排放具有一定的工程意义。
文摘To thrive in a world that is undergoing changes not seen in a century,China and Arab states must enhance solidarity and collaboration.CHINA and Arab states are all developing countries.Combined,they account for one-sixth of the world’s land mass,one-fourth of the world’s population,and one-eighth of the world economy.
文摘通过一款涡轮增压汽油直喷(gasoline direct injection,GDI)发动机低压废气再循环(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)的试验,研究了EGR率和点火提前角的综合作用对增压GDI发动机的燃烧、缸压、排放和油耗等方面的影响。结果表明,在GDI增压发动机中加入EGR后,由于废气的稀释和热容作用,使缸内燃烧持续期增大,排气温度下降,燃烧相位也发生了改变。这对发动机外特性的有利影响是油耗减少,CO和NO_x排放也明显减少;不利影响是EGR的加入提高了增压发动机的排气压力,导致泵气损失增加。此外,总碳氢(total hydro carbons,THC)排放也有所增加。在GDI增压汽油机中使用EGR系统并配合点火角的调节能够有效提高热效率,降低NO_x排放。
