RhoGDI2抑制膀胱癌转移的分子机制

膀胱癌在中国男性泌尿生殖系恶性肿瘤发病率居第1位,其发病率呈逐年上升趋势。Rho GDI2(rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2)是近年来发现的新型膀胱癌转移抑制因子,其分子机制可能通过调控下游erb B1/EGFR酪氨酸受体、钙结合蛋白S100A4、p53和MTSS1等基因而抑制膀胱癌进展。Rho GDI2基因表达缺失的膀胱癌患者预后不良。Rho GDI2基因表达可以作为判断膀胱癌患者是否容易发生转移的基因信号,有望在临床上成为抑制膀胱癌的治疗分子。本文针对Rho GDI2的发现、在膀胱癌病理标本的表达情况和对膀胱癌转移的影响、在肿瘤转移中的作用、抑制膀胱癌转移的分子机制作一综述。

胶质瘤中Rho GDI2和PTEN的表达及对预后判断的价值

胶质瘤在病变进展中侵袭性强，生长迅速，胶质瘤在进展过程中多种蛋白异常表达。RhoGTP酶解离抑制因子（RhoGDI）是鸟嘌呤核苷酸解离抑制因子家族的重要成员，RhoGD12在肿瘤恶变过程中参与细胞的迁移、转录、细胞周期的调节等。PTEN是由多功能磷酸酶编码的肿瘤抑制基因，不仅具有磷脂酶的活性，还具有多种肿瘤生物学的作用特征。本实验应用免疫组织化学技术检测胶质瘤中RhoGD12和PTEN蛋白的表达，探讨其临床价值。

Rho-GDI2在胰腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨鸟嘌呤核苷酸解离抑制因子2（Rho—GDI2）基因在胰腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法运用RT-PCR技术和免疫组化技术检测60例胰腺癌组织及配对的癌旁组织中Rho—GDI2mRNA和蛋白的表达，分析胰腺癌Rho-GDI2的表达与临床病理参数间的关系。结果胰腺癌组织及相应癌旁组织中Rho-GDI2mRNA表达量分别为0．661±0．021和0．199±0．023；Rho—GDI2蛋白阳性表达率分别为73．3％（44／60）和41．7％（25／60），癌组织的表达均显著高于癌旁组织，差异有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）。胰腺癌组织Rho-GDI2蛋白表达与患者性别、年龄及肿瘤部位无相关性，而与肿瘤大小、分化程度、病理分期、淋巴结转移、血管侵犯等相关（P值均〈0．05）。结论Rho-GDI2在胰腺癌组织中过表达，且与胰腺癌的恶性生物学行为密切相关。

CRISPR/Cas9技术编辑OsRhoGDI2基因导致水稻半矮化

OsRhoGDI2是通过酵母双杂交从水稻幼穗中分离的一个与Rho蛋白家族成员OsRacD相互作用蛋白的编码基因,但功能尚不明确。本研究利用CRISPR/Cas9技术创制水稻OsRhoGDI2基因敲除突变体。检测结果表明,转基因水稻T0代获得2种纯合突变体,T1代获得8种纯合突变体。序列分析显示,在敲除水稻中,该基因的编辑靶点附近发生了碱基的替换或缺失,预期生成丧失RhoGDI保守结构域的截短蛋白。表型比对分析发现,敲除水稻与对照相比,株高显著降低,统计学分析结果显示,敲除水稻株高降低源于第Ⅱ和第Ⅲ茎节的缩短,提示OsRhoGDI2基因可能与水稻株高控制相关。

The characterization of transmembrane protein 59-like(TMEM59L)reveals its role in the regulating the level of the GDI protein family

The characterization and functions of transmembrane protein 59-like(TMEM59L),a type I transmembrane protein,are not clearly understood until now.Some TMEM59L and fluorescent fusion proteins constructs were transfected in cell lines and liposomes,and their localization was observed.The effects of protein constructs were studied by fluorescence microscopy and western blotting.This study reports a novel function of human TMEM59L(hTMEM59L)related to the expression and location of some proteins.In addition,we report two novel splice variants of human TMEM59L(hTMEM59L).The localization of mutants of this protein,lacking a middle region,and a Cterminal deletion,markedly differed from that of full-length hTMEM59L.Intracellular movement assessment in living cells showed the localization of TMEM59L to vesicular structures in the Golgi bodies,and the cell membrane was observed in living cells.Overexpression of TMEM59L markedly increased the level of amyloid precursor protein because of TMEM59L-mediated inhibition of cell membrane transport but did not affect the expression of betasecretase 2.TMEM59L overexpression also significantly increased the levels of Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha and Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta proteins.These results suggest that TMEM59L is involved in the packaging of acidic vesicles and thereby functions in the trafficking and processing of intracellular proteins.

GdI3：Ce晶体的生长及其闪烁性能研究

通过坩埚下降法生长GdI_3:2%Ce及无掺杂GdI_3闪烁晶体,得到?15 mm×20 mm的晶体毛坯,从中加工出尺寸分别为12 mm×10 mm×2.5 mm和11 mm×8 mm×2.5 mm的无包裹体、无开裂的晶体样品,封装后检测该晶体光学性能。XRD分析结果表明:掺杂晶体GdI_3:2%Ce与无掺杂GdI_3晶体结构相同。X射线激发发射(XEL)和紫外激发发射谱(PL)测试结果显示:GdI_3:2%Ce晶体在450~700 nm有宽带发光峰,发光峰位分别位于520 nm和550 nm,对应于Ce^(3+)的5d-4f跃迁发光。以550 nm为监控波长,测得在紫外激发下存在三个激发峰,分别位于262、335和440 nm。GdI_3:2%Ce晶体在137Cs源伽马射线(662 keV)激发下能量分辨率为3.4%,通过高斯拟合得到的衰减时间为58±3 ns。研究表明,GdI_3:2%Ce晶体是一种良好的伽马和中子探测材料,具有广泛的应用前景。