Both the Global Positioning System(GPS)and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)/GRACE Follow-On(GFO)provide effective tools to infer surface mass changes.In this paper,we combined GPS,GRACE/GFO spherical har...Both the Global Positioning System(GPS)and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)/GRACE Follow-On(GFO)provide effective tools to infer surface mass changes.In this paper,we combined GPS,GRACE/GFO spherical harmonic(SH)solutions and GRACE/GFO mascon solutions to analyze the total surface mass changes and terrestrial water storage(TWS)changes in the Shaan-Gan-Ning Region(SGNR)over the period from December 2010 to February 2021.To improve the reliability of GPS inversion results,an improved regularization Laplace matrix and monthly optimal regularization parameter estimation strategy were employed to solve the ill-posed problem.The results show that the improved Laplace matrix can suppress the edge effects better than that of the traditional Laplace matrix,and the corre-lation coefficient and standard deviation(STD)between the original signal and inversion results from the traditional and improved Laplace matrix are 0.84 and 0.88,and 17.49 mm and 15.16 mm,respectively.The spatial distributions of annual amplitudes and time series changes for total surface mass changes derived from GPS agree well with GRACE/GFO SH solutions and mascon solutions,and the correlation coefficients of total surface mass change time series between GPS and GRACE/GFO SH solutions,GPS and GRACE/GFO mascon solutions are 0.80 and 0.77.However,the obvious differences still exist in local regions.In addition,the seasonal characteristics,increasing and decreasing rate of TWS change time series derived from GPS,GRACE/GFO SH and mascon solutions agree well with the Global Land Data Assimilation System(GLDAS)hydrological model in the studied area,and generally consistent with the precipitation data.Meanwhile,TWS changes derived from GPS and GRACE mascon solutions in the SGNR are more reliable than those of GRACE SH solutions over the period from January 2016 to June 2017(the final operation phase of the GRACE mission).展开更多
In this study,the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)satellite observations,combining 71 continuous Global Positioning System(CGPS)data,are used to detect surface vertical loading deformation of the Amazon ...In this study,the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)satellite observations,combining 71 continuous Global Positioning System(CGPS)data,are used to detect surface vertical loading deformation of the Amazon Basin during 2002-2020.The results show that the maximal annual amplitude of the surface mass changes derived by GRACE is more than 80 cm in terms of the equivalent water height(EWH)in the Amazon Basin.Most part of Amazon experiences mass gain,especially the Amazon River,while there is little mass loss in the northern and eastern parts.Through the Pearson correlation analysis,the monthly de-trended time series of GPS-observed vertical deformation and GRACE-derived mass loading are in good agreement with an average correlation coefficient of about 0.75 throughout the Amazon region.The common seasonal signals of GPS vertical displacements and GRACE/GFO loading deformations are extracted using the stack averaging.The two kinds of common seasonal signals show a good consistency,and together indicate approximate 20 mm peak-to-peak seasonal amplitude.Strong annual variations are identified both in the monthly GPS and GRACE/GFO data by the wavelet analysis.However,the time-frequency spectrum of GPS has more signal details and more significant semi-annual variations than that of GRACE/GFO.These results may contribute to the understanding of secular crustal vertical deformation in the Amazon Basin.展开更多
Psoriasis is a chronic,non-communicable,painful,disfiguring and disabling disease for which there is no cure,with great negative impact on patients’quality of life(QoL).Diagnosis and treatment with traditional Chines...Psoriasis is a chronic,non-communicable,painful,disfiguring and disabling disease for which there is no cure,with great negative impact on patients’quality of life(QoL).Diagnosis and treatment with traditional Chinese medical technique based on syndrome differentiation has been used in practice for a long time and proven effective,though,up to now,there are only a few available studies about the use of semantic technologies and the knowledge systems that use Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)-syndrome differentiation for information retrieval and automated reasoning.In this paper we use semantic techniques based on ontologies to develop a prototypical system for the diagnosis of Psoriasis.For this purpose,a domain ontology is developed for syndrome differentiation of psoriasis vulgaris(PV).This ontology is founded on an adapted version of the general formal ontology(GFO),with the evidence-based clinical practice guideline of TCM for psoriasis vulgaris(Guideline 2013)as the primary data sources.The implemented prototype,called ONTOPV,contains this domain ontology and is aimed at a decision support system for diagnosis and treatment of PV.This system uses a case-database for Case Based Reasoning(CBR),combined with fuzzy pattern recognition.Experimental results show that the ONTOPV realizes the basic functionalities of data collection,querying,browsing and navigation,and supports rule-based knowledge reasoning,and integrates fuzzy pattern recognition.It can provide users with clinical decision support for TCM syndrome differentiation in diagnosis of psoriasis.展开更多
基金This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41974015,42061134007 and 41474019).
文摘Both the Global Positioning System(GPS)and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)/GRACE Follow-On(GFO)provide effective tools to infer surface mass changes.In this paper,we combined GPS,GRACE/GFO spherical harmonic(SH)solutions and GRACE/GFO mascon solutions to analyze the total surface mass changes and terrestrial water storage(TWS)changes in the Shaan-Gan-Ning Region(SGNR)over the period from December 2010 to February 2021.To improve the reliability of GPS inversion results,an improved regularization Laplace matrix and monthly optimal regularization parameter estimation strategy were employed to solve the ill-posed problem.The results show that the improved Laplace matrix can suppress the edge effects better than that of the traditional Laplace matrix,and the corre-lation coefficient and standard deviation(STD)between the original signal and inversion results from the traditional and improved Laplace matrix are 0.84 and 0.88,and 17.49 mm and 15.16 mm,respectively.The spatial distributions of annual amplitudes and time series changes for total surface mass changes derived from GPS agree well with GRACE/GFO SH solutions and mascon solutions,and the correlation coefficients of total surface mass change time series between GPS and GRACE/GFO SH solutions,GPS and GRACE/GFO mascon solutions are 0.80 and 0.77.However,the obvious differences still exist in local regions.In addition,the seasonal characteristics,increasing and decreasing rate of TWS change time series derived from GPS,GRACE/GFO SH and mascon solutions agree well with the Global Land Data Assimilation System(GLDAS)hydrological model in the studied area,and generally consistent with the precipitation data.Meanwhile,TWS changes derived from GPS and GRACE mascon solutions in the SGNR are more reliable than those of GRACE SH solutions over the period from January 2016 to June 2017(the final operation phase of the GRACE mission).
基金funded by the NSFCs(Grant Nos.41904012,41774024,41974022and 41525014)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020T130482,2018M630879)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(2042020kf0008)LIESMARS Special Research Funding。
文摘In this study,the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)satellite observations,combining 71 continuous Global Positioning System(CGPS)data,are used to detect surface vertical loading deformation of the Amazon Basin during 2002-2020.The results show that the maximal annual amplitude of the surface mass changes derived by GRACE is more than 80 cm in terms of the equivalent water height(EWH)in the Amazon Basin.Most part of Amazon experiences mass gain,especially the Amazon River,while there is little mass loss in the northern and eastern parts.Through the Pearson correlation analysis,the monthly de-trended time series of GPS-observed vertical deformation and GRACE-derived mass loading are in good agreement with an average correlation coefficient of about 0.75 throughout the Amazon region.The common seasonal signals of GPS vertical displacements and GRACE/GFO loading deformations are extracted using the stack averaging.The two kinds of common seasonal signals show a good consistency,and together indicate approximate 20 mm peak-to-peak seasonal amplitude.Strong annual variations are identified both in the monthly GPS and GRACE/GFO data by the wavelet analysis.However,the time-frequency spectrum of GPS has more signal details and more significant semi-annual variations than that of GRACE/GFO.These results may contribute to the understanding of secular crustal vertical deformation in the Amazon Basin.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82174534)the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Innovation Fund(No.CI2021A05306)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(Nos.ZZ13-YQ-021,ZZ13-YQ-126,ZZ150314).
文摘Psoriasis is a chronic,non-communicable,painful,disfiguring and disabling disease for which there is no cure,with great negative impact on patients’quality of life(QoL).Diagnosis and treatment with traditional Chinese medical technique based on syndrome differentiation has been used in practice for a long time and proven effective,though,up to now,there are only a few available studies about the use of semantic technologies and the knowledge systems that use Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)-syndrome differentiation for information retrieval and automated reasoning.In this paper we use semantic techniques based on ontologies to develop a prototypical system for the diagnosis of Psoriasis.For this purpose,a domain ontology is developed for syndrome differentiation of psoriasis vulgaris(PV).This ontology is founded on an adapted version of the general formal ontology(GFO),with the evidence-based clinical practice guideline of TCM for psoriasis vulgaris(Guideline 2013)as the primary data sources.The implemented prototype,called ONTOPV,contains this domain ontology and is aimed at a decision support system for diagnosis and treatment of PV.This system uses a case-database for Case Based Reasoning(CBR),combined with fuzzy pattern recognition.Experimental results show that the ONTOPV realizes the basic functionalities of data collection,querying,browsing and navigation,and supports rule-based knowledge reasoning,and integrates fuzzy pattern recognition.It can provide users with clinical decision support for TCM syndrome differentiation in diagnosis of psoriasis.
