骨肉瘤组织中GFRA1、FBN1表达水平及意义

目的探讨胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子受体1(GFRA1)、原纤维蛋白-1(FBN1)在骨肉瘤组织中表达水平及意义。方法收集2017年9月至2019年9月住院手术的66例骨肉瘤患者治疗精细切除骨肉瘤组织标本及癌旁组织标本,同时收集整理其临床分期、肿瘤直径、肿瘤分化程度等临床资料。采用免疫组织化学法检测GFRA1、FBN1蛋白表达;骨肉瘤组织GFRA1、FBN1表达与患者预后的关系采用Kaplan-Meier法分析;多因素Logistic回归分析骨肉瘤患者预后的影响因素。结果与癌旁组织相比,骨肉瘤组织中GFRA1、FBN1阳性表达率明显较高(P<0.05)。GFRA1、FBN1的表达与骨肉瘤患者的临床分期、分化程度、是否发生肺转移、软组织是否浸润有关(P<0.05),与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤直径、肿瘤位置无关(P>0.05);骨肉瘤组织GFRA1、FBN1阳性表达患者3年生存率低于FBN1阴性表达患者(P<0.05)。GFRA1、FBN1阳性表达、肿瘤转移、软组织浸润是骨肉瘤患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论GFRA1、FBN1的表达与骨肉瘤患者的临床病理特征及预后有关,可以作为骨肉瘤患者预后评估的指标。

乳腺癌中GFRA1表达临床意义的生物信息学分析

目的:通过生物信息学的方法分析胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子受体1(glial cell line derived neurotrophic factorα1,GFRA1)在乳腺癌组织中表达情况及其临床意义。方法:全面检索GEO、TCGA、Oncomine、Kmplot数据库分析GFRA1在乳腺癌中表达情况,分析其预测化疗、内分泌治疗疗效和预后的价值。结果:GFRA1在不同类型乳腺癌组织中高表达(P<0.05),与ER(r=0.66)、PR(r=0.22)表达水平呈正相关,与HER-2(r=-0.09)、Ki-67(r=-0.12)表达水平呈负相关。GFRA1低表达乳腺癌患者对他莫昔芬和多柔比星易产生耐药。GFRA1表达水平与乳腺癌患者预后显著相关(P<0.05),GFRA1高表达患者总生存率、无复发生存率高于低表达患者。结论:GFRA1在乳腺癌组织中高表达,低表达乳腺癌患者对他莫昔芬和多柔比星耐药,且预后较差。

GFRa1不同剪接变异体mRNA在胃癌及结肠癌组织中的表达

为检测正常胃粘膜及胃癌组织和正常结肠及结肠癌组织中GFRa1 m RNA表达量,以及两种剪接体GFRa1a和GFRa1b的m RNA含量。初步明确胃及结肠组织中GFRa1剪接体存在形式以及与胃癌、结肠癌发生的相关性。采用收集23例正常胃粘膜/胃炎组织、20对胃癌及其切缘组织和6例非癌患者正常结肠活检组织、20对结肠癌及其切缘组织的方法。选择并提取结肠癌细胞系RKO,正常人胃粘膜上皮细胞系GES-1和人胃癌细胞SGC-7901这3种细胞系的RNA。以Alu m RNA为内参照,用定量RT-PCR的方法对胃组织、结肠组织以及所选的细胞系中GFRa1总m RNA含量进行分析。运用DHPLC技术区分GFRa1不同的剪接体,定量测定两种转录本剪接体的比值。结果显示,胃及结肠组织中,与正常及癌组织相比,切缘组织GFRa1总m RNA、剪接体a及剪接体b的m RNA相对拷贝数均显著增加(P<0.05)。所有组织中GFRa1剪接体b的m RNA相对拷贝数均高于剪接体a。细胞系RKO、GES-1和SGC-7901均检测到GFRa1剪接体b的表达,而未检测到剪接体a。由此可知,胃和结肠组织以及相应的细胞系中GFRa1主要以剪接体b的形式存在;GFRa1剪接体b的高表达可能在胃及结肠组织癌变过程发挥作用。

Impact of GFRA1 gene reactivation by DNA demethylation on prognosis of patients with metastatic colon cancer

BACKGROUND The expression of the membrane receptor protein GFRA1 is frequently upregulated in many cancers,which can promote cancer development by activating the classic RET-RAS-ERK and RET-RAS-PI3K-AKT pathways.Several therapeutic anti-GFRA1 antibody-drug conjugates are under development.Demethylation(or hypomethylation)of GFRA1 CpG islands(dmGFRA1)is associated with increased gene expression and metastasis risk of gastric cancer.However,it is unknown whether dmGFRA1 affects the metastasis of other cancers,including colon cancer(CC).AIM To study whether dmGFRA1 is a driver for CC metastasis and GFRA1 is a potential therapeutic target.METHODS CC and paired surgical margin tissue samples from 144 inpatients and normal colon mucosal biopsies from 21 noncancer patients were included in this study.The methylation status of GFRA1 islands was determined by MethyLight and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and bisulfite-sequencing.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to explore the effect of dmGFRA1 on the survival of CC patients.Impacts of GFRA1 on CC cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by a battery of biological assays in vitro and in vivo.The phosphorylation of AKT and ERK proteins was examined by Western blot analysis.RESULTS The proportion of dmGFRA1 in CC,surgical margin,and normal colon tissues by MethyLight was 68.4%,73.4%,and 35.9%(median;nonparametric test,P=0.001 and<0.001),respectively.Using the median value of dmGFRA1 peak area proportion as the cutoff,the proportion of dmGFRA1-high samples was much higher in poorly differentiated CC samples than in moderately or welldifferentiated samples(92.3%%vs 55.8%,Chi-square test,P=0.002)and significantly higher in CC samples with distant metastasis than in samples without(77.8%vs 46.0%,P=0.021).The overall survival of patients with dmGFRA1-low CC was significantly longer than that of patients with dmGFRA1-high CC(adjusted hazard ratio=0.49,95%confidence interval:0.24-0.98),especially for 89 CC patients with metastatic CC(adjusted hazard ratio=0.41,95%confidence interval:0.18-0.91).These data were confirmed by the mining results from TCGA datasets.Furthermore,GFRA1 overexpression significantly promoted the proliferation/invasion of RKO and HCT116 cells and the growth of RKO cells in nude mice but did not affect their migration.GFRA1 overexpression markedly increased the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK proteins,two key molecules in two classic GFRA1 downstream pathways.CONCLUSION GFRA1 expression is frequently reactivated by DNA demethylation in CC tissues and is significantly associated with a poor prognosis in patients with CC,especially those with metastatic CC.GFRA1 can promote the proliferation/growth of CC cells,probably by the activation of AKT and ERK pathways.GFRA1 might be a therapeutic target for CC patients,especially those with metastatic potential.

肠神经胶质细胞在炎症性肠病中的作用研究进展

近年来,肠神经胶质细胞(enteric glial cell,EGC)在炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)发病机制中引起广泛关注。在IBD患者中,肠道EGC通过释放细胞因子和介质参与调节肠道炎症反应,EGC与肠道上皮细胞、免疫细胞和神经元等相互作用,参与调节肠道的免疫平衡和功能,EGC在炎症性肠病治疗中的潜在应用,调控和干预EGC有望为治疗提供新思路和策略。