Geographic information has become central for data scientists of many disciplines to put their analyzes into a spatio-temporal perspective.However,just as the volume and variety of data sources on the Web grow,it beco...Geographic information has become central for data scientists of many disciplines to put their analyzes into a spatio-temporal perspective.However,just as the volume and variety of data sources on the Web grow,it becomes increasingly harder for analysts to be familiar with all the available geospatial tools,including toolboxes in Geographic Information Systems(GIS),R packages,and Python modules.Even though the semantics of the questions answered by these tools can be broadly shared,tools and data sources are still divided by syntax and platform-specific technicalities.It would,therefore,be hugely beneficial for information science if analysts could simply ask questions in generic and familiar terms to obtain the tools and data necessary to answer them.In this article,we systematically investigate the analytic questions that lie behind a range of common GIS tools,and we propose a semantic framework to match analytic questions and tools that are capable of answering them.To support the matching process,we define a tractable subset of SPARQL,the query language of the Semantic Web,and we propose and test an algorithm for computing query containment.We illustrate the identification of tools to answer user questions on a set of common user requests.展开更多
Fault-block structures of the Altay-Sayan folded area （ASFA） southeastern Siberia of Russia were used as the basis for creating a 3-D model. The surface structures were projected to depths by previous correlations b...Fault-block structures of the Altay-Sayan folded area （ASFA） southeastern Siberia of Russia were used as the basis for creating a 3-D model. The surface structures were projected to depths by previous correlations between long and deep faults, with all layers and deformation factors defined. The mean deformation factor （Ds） is 0.12 unit/km^3 in the upper layer, 0.012 unit/km^3 in the intermediate layer, and 0.007 unit/km^3 in the lower layer of the 3-D ASFA neotectonic model. Ds allows correlation of the three distinguished layers with theological bodies that differ in their potential for accumulating elastic energy. 3-D modeling can be used as a methodological approach to projections in seismic prone areas such as the Krasnoyarsk region, for earthquake-hazard monitoring.展开更多
文摘Geographic information has become central for data scientists of many disciplines to put their analyzes into a spatio-temporal perspective.However,just as the volume and variety of data sources on the Web grow,it becomes increasingly harder for analysts to be familiar with all the available geospatial tools,including toolboxes in Geographic Information Systems(GIS),R packages,and Python modules.Even though the semantics of the questions answered by these tools can be broadly shared,tools and data sources are still divided by syntax and platform-specific technicalities.It would,therefore,be hugely beneficial for information science if analysts could simply ask questions in generic and familiar terms to obtain the tools and data necessary to answer them.In this article,we systematically investigate the analytic questions that lie behind a range of common GIS tools,and we propose a semantic framework to match analytic questions and tools that are capable of answering them.To support the matching process,we define a tractable subset of SPARQL,the query language of the Semantic Web,and we propose and test an algorithm for computing query containment.We illustrate the identification of tools to answer user questions on a set of common user requests.
文摘Fault-block structures of the Altay-Sayan folded area （ASFA） southeastern Siberia of Russia were used as the basis for creating a 3-D model. The surface structures were projected to depths by previous correlations between long and deep faults, with all layers and deformation factors defined. The mean deformation factor （Ds） is 0.12 unit/km^3 in the upper layer, 0.012 unit/km^3 in the intermediate layer, and 0.007 unit/km^3 in the lower layer of the 3-D ASFA neotectonic model. Ds allows correlation of the three distinguished layers with theological bodies that differ in their potential for accumulating elastic energy. 3-D modeling can be used as a methodological approach to projections in seismic prone areas such as the Krasnoyarsk region, for earthquake-hazard monitoring.
