Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones in Samendeni Watershed in Sedimentary and Semi-Arid Contexts of Burkina Faso, Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method and GIS

Demand for water increases in Samendeni regarding the undertaken agricultural projects while pressure on surface water from global warming/evapotranspiration also increases. Thus, the need to evaluate the groundwater potential in the catchment is crucial as alternative supplier of water and resilience to climate hazards. The AHP was performed integrating ten influencing factors such as geomorphology, geology, soil, land use/land cover (lulc), slope, rainfall, drainage density, borehole rate & depth and piezometric level to generate groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in Samendeni watershed (4420 km2). All the factors were processed and ranged into five (5) classes. Weight was assigned to each class of thematic layer. These thematic layers were then reclassified based on the normalized weight to be used in the calculation of groundwater potential zones (GWPZ). The final output, groundwater potential map, revealed a significant groundwater potential with very good (11%), good (31%), moderate (30%), poor (20%), and very poor (8%) of proportion. The interesting (very good, good) GWPZs in the study area are mostly in the central towards the east. The poor zones in term of groundwater potential are concentrated in the upper west region of the watershed. Besides the cross-validation with the relationship between different groundwater potential zones and the wells available in the study area, the overall accuracy was estimated to 88% provided from the result of the similarity analysis where 22 out of the 25 validation wells match with the expected yield classes of GWPZs. The statistics from that validation revealed the performance of AHP method to delineate groundwater potential zones at catchment level.

基于GIS的合肥市中心城区医疗服务空间可达性研究

城市医疗设施资源配置和卫生服务的均衡性对居民生活质量的提升至关重要。以合肥市中心城区为例,运用地理信息系统(GIS)技术,采用多种出行模式下的改进潜能模型法,结合基尼系数和四象限筛选等方法,对不同时间阈值下的城市医疗设施的可达性及均衡性进行综合评价,提出了优化合肥市中心城区医疗服务空间的建议。结果显示:合肥市中心城区医疗设施空间可达性差异明显,整体上呈现中心紧密、四周松散的空间特征;通过识别分析可达性较低的区域,建议改善杏林街道社区卫生服务中心,改善后可达性和服务效率明显提升。

基于GIS的地下水质疏水性污染地理空间分布研究

地下水质疏水性污染涉及多种污染物,如重金属、有机物和微生物等,其迁移、转化和积累过程具有复杂性和多样性。为了制定地下水治理策略,提出基于GIS的地下水质疏水性污染地理空间分布研究方法。介绍研究区域以及土壤和地下水的采样测定方法;建立疏水性污染物的迁移模型,获得水性污染特征,并采用GIS技术绘制疏水性污染元素的地理空间分布图;结合单因子污染指数与潜在生态风险指数分析风险分布特征,完成污染地理空间分布研究。结果表明,研究区域内富集了多种疏水性重金属,主要以Zn和Cu为主,疏水性污染重金属的空间分布较为相似。

基于GIS-MCDA的深圳空间资源避难利用潜力评价

在灾害事故频发、空间资源约束加剧背景下,应急避难空间的布局优化面临严峻挑战。基于GIS-MCDA构建以安全、生态、适用为准则层,以洪涝影响、风暴潮影响、地质类灾害影响、建筑影响、地形地貌等14个因子为指标层的潜力评价模型,从供应视角评价了深圳市空间资源的应急避难利用潜力。其中较高潜力和高潜力空间约占全市面积的1/3,呈碎片化分布。考虑到实际规划选址时以地块为单元,将潜力空间与土地利用一张图结合,最终筛选出了2 423个可利用地块并进行了验证,为应急避难场所选址布局提供了重要参考。

基于GIS的耕地后备资源调查评价方法——以日照市为例

耕地后备资源作为耕地的重要补充资源,在实现占补平衡方面具有至关重要的保障作用。文章详细介绍了日照市基于GIS的耕地后备资源调查评价技术,依据“限制性因子”评价法,采用坡度、年降水量、灌溉情况、土壤质地、土壤重金属污染程度、盐渍化程度等10项指标对耕地后备资源进行评价。结果表明:日照市耕地后备资源主要来源于其他草地和裸土地,总面积4 749.92 hm^(2),其中,宜耕面积2 499.29 hm^(2),不宜耕面积1 883.47 hm^(2),后备资源开发利用潜力适中。基于研究区域耕地后备资源的特点,进一步提出了加强生态保护、加大科技投入、吸引社会资本、强化开发监督约束机制等建议。

Evaluation of Potential Fishery Productivity in Lihu Lake Based on GIS

[Objective] The paper was scientifically evaluate the potential fishery productivity of Lihu using GIS technology.[Method] The evaluation of potential fishery productivity in Lihu was based on GIS and AHP according to the characteristics of fisheries resources in Lihu Lake.The evaluation system included 3 sub-models including water quality,biodiversity and hydrological condition,which totally had 10 indexes.Judgment matrix was constructed based the advices of professors of fisheries resources,and the indicator’s weight were calculated by the process of AHP.The ranking distributing map of potential fishery productivity in Lihu was obtained by the model of raster analysis,raster calculator,spatial overlay and classification models of ARC/INFO.[Result] Potential fishery productivity of Lihu was divided into 4 grades in term of higher,high,general and low,and which covered 2.643 3,3.844 8,1.121 4 and 0.400 5 hm2,respectively.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for ecological reconstruction of Lihu Lake.

Application of GIS for Mapping Rainwater-Harvesting Potential: Case Study Wollert, Victoria

Water is a basic normal asset for supporting the condition of life. Accessible water assets are feeling the squeeze because of expanding demand. Soon water, which we have depended upon to be accessible and an unconditional present of nature will turn into a rare product. Protection and conservation of water assets are desperately required. In many parts of Victoria, water supply to communities is limited. Rainwater harvesting systems can provide water at or near the point of demand. The systems can be owner and utility operated and managed. Rainwater collected using existing structures, i.e. rooftops, parking lots, playgrounds, parks, ponds, floodplains etc., has few negative environmental impacts compared to other technologies for water resources development. Rainwater is relatively clean and the quality is usually acceptable for many purposes with little or even no treatment. The physical and chemical properties of rainwater are usually superior to sources of groundwater that may have been subjected to contamination. The present study was intended to measure the rooftop rainwater harvesting potential using GIS techniques. The GIS examination utilized in this investigation was basically an efficient assessment of rooftop water collecting in the chose Wollert which is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria. With the use of GIS it was conceivable to appraise the aggregate sum of water harvestable at the household level. It is very tedious work to assess the catchments available for rooftop rainwater harvesting. Here the roof surfaces are the catchments and GIS is employed to calculate the area of various types of roofs and their potential for planning for the area under study. As a result Eucalypt Estate Wollert has huge potential and can make above 179.11 litres water available per person per day throughout the year.

GIS-Mapping of Soil Available Plant Nutrients (Potentiality, Gradient, Anisotropy)

The research was elaborated in Kafr El-Dawar area (Egypt northern region) to study the availability of the soil plant nutrients. The research introduced three parameters to comprehensively and carefully describe the availability of the soil plant nutrients: potentiality, gradient and anisotropy. Potentiality defines the categories of soil ability to supply plant nutrients;meanwhile gradient expresses the increasing rate of the availability of the soil plant nutrients. The gradient anisotropy refers to the directions or orientation of the increasing rate of the availability of the soil plant nutrients. The introduced parameters enabled to spatially study the availability of the soil plant nutrients. Analytical data, of soil available phosphorus (P), indicated that P ranged from 0.2 ppm to 11.4 ppm to locate all studied soil samples into the low class of the soil nutritional P ability. This was not the case of available potassium (K), where the soil samples were distributed into three available K soil categories: medium, high, and very high. GIS map of soil P nutritional potentiality for plant (potato), displayed the soil studied area in one category, as low P soil nutritional potentiality to coincide with the analytical data classification. Contrary, the K map classified the soil studied area into three categories of soil K nutritional potentiality: medium, high and excessive. This obviously referred that the individual determination of soil K nutritional potentiality is misleading for interpretation of soil tests because it does care of the spatial distribution of soil available K. Nearly, all soil samples had high available micronutrients that they were located in the high category in both classification of analytical data and GIS maps. GIS gradient maps of the soil available plant nutrients referred that the soil plant nutrients, exception of K, had two gradients: non increasing-slight increasing and build up. Gradient of soil available potassium was classified into four classes: non increasing-slight increasing, build up, moderately increasing and hike. Regardless potassium case, the non increasing-slight increasing gradient class dominated the others. GIS maps of anisotropy soil availability of macronutrients (P and K) generally showed that their gradients mainly increased in two directions: north and south. The incasing directions of soil availability of micronutrients coincided with that of the macronutrients.

Determination of Potential Runoff Coefficient Using GIS and Remote Sensing

Flash floods in arid environments are a major hazard feature to human and to the infrastructure. Shortage of accurate environmental data is main reason for inaccurate prediction of flash flooding characteristics. The curve number (CN) is a hydrologic number used to describe the storm water runoff potential for drainage area. This study introduces an approach to determine runoff coefficient in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia using remote sensing and GIS. Remote sensing and geographic information system techniques were used to obtain and prepare input data for hydrologic model. The land cover map was derived using maximum likelihood classification of a SPOT image. The soil properties (texture and permeability) were derived using the soil maps published my ministry of water and agriculture in Saudi Arabia. These soil parameters were used to classify the soil map into hydrological soil groups (HSG). Using the derived information within the hydrological modelling system, the runoff depth was predicted for an assumed severe storm scenario. The advantages of the proposed approach are simplicity, less input data, one software used for all steps, and its ability to be applied for any site. The results show that the runoff depth is directly proportional to runoff coefficient and the total volume of runoff is more than 136 million cubic meters for a rainfall of 103.6 mm.

Mapping of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones in the Kolleru Lake Catchment, India, by Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

Water scarcity is the major problem in India where the population has been tremendously increasing, which results in invading natural resources, thus affects on hydrological processes. Because of this, significant surface water bodies have been disappearing continuously. Therefore, more pressure on groundwater resources is a consequence of that. The integration of remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS), which helps in groundwater research for the investigation of potential groundwater availability, is essential to assess, monitor, and conserve groundwater resources. This analysis reports on the mapping of various potential groundwater resources in the Kolleru Lake catchment, India, by using remote sensing and GIS techniques. For this, a survey of India toposheets and IRC-1C satellite imageries was used to prepare thematic layers of geomorphology, drainage density, lineament, slope, land-use, soil, rainfall, and NDVI converted into raster format in ArcGIS. The raster maps of these thematic layers were assigned to a weight-based factor depending on the catchment characteristics and its topographic influence. The results demonstrated that about 7% of the area is under excellent groundwater potential recharge. Good, moderate, and lower potential conditions are 42%, 38%, and 13%, respectively. The results indicated that the management of groundwater potential zones should be targeted on the middle-catchment region. Further, the results were validated with the borehole data obtained from the Government of Andhra Pradesh-Groundwater Department. These results are useful for better both planning and groundwater management sources in the Kolleru Lake catchment.

GIS-based assessment of land-agroforestry potentiality of Jharkhand State, India

Scaling-up agroforestry area in various forms is a scientific path towards achieving various sustainable development goals(SDGs),especially improving livelihood,reducing poverty,conserving environment and biodiversity,and transforming climate change.In this study,the effort was made to investigate the land potentiality for agroforestry at the district level in Jharkhand State,India by applying geographic information system(GIS)modeling technology using climate(temperature and precipitation),topography(slope and elevation),ecology(percent tree cover and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)),and social economics(poverty rate and tribal dominance)factors.The results revealed that six districts of Jharkhand State had agroforestry potential greater than 60.00%.The highest agroforestry suitability was found in Simdega District(78.20%),followed by Pakur(76.25%),West Singhbhum(72.70%),Dumka(68.84%),Sahibganj(64.63%),and Godda(63.43%)districts.Additionally,we identified 513 out of 32,620 villages of Jharkhand State potentially suitable(agroforestry suitability≥80.00%)for agroforestry with the objective of life improvement among marginalized society.Under the outside forest area,8.58%of the total geographical land of Jharkhand State was wasteland,much of which was found suitable for agroforestry practices.The agroforestry setups in those wastelands can absorb 637 t carbon annually in long run and can provide direct economic benefits to the locals besides additional income for carbon emission reduction.This study concluded that Jharkhand State has plenty of high potential land for agroforestry,and adoption of agroforestry at the village level must be given high priority.This study could guide the nodal authorities to prepare appropriate strategies for scaling the tree cover in agroforestry systems in village-level landscape planning which needs policy attention and investment for achieving 9 out of the 17 SDGs.

Identification of the Sustainable Wind and Solar Potential in Urban Areas Using a GIS Methodology

In recent years the publication of new legislation in the renewables sector, namely the one related to microgeneration systems, has contributed to an increase in the installation of renewable energy systems in Portugal. Nevertheless, the investment in these systems is still high and the risk of considering sites with reduced resource constitutes a barrier to the development of this sub-sector. In the sequence of the previous work developed in the wind energy planning area, a methodology to identify the sustainable wind and solar potential in urban areas was developed, in order to reduce the pre-installation costs related to a less suitable site selection, and also to identify the real potential of the urban areas. In order to do so, a geographical information system was used and a set of tools was developed. The methodology was structured to enable its replication in other geographical locations and is sufficiently interactive to allow for the variation of the main input data. A case study in two urban environments is presented in this document to illustrate the developed methodology.

A GIS-Based Methodology to Estimate the Regional Balance of Potential and Demand of Forest Chips

Finland’s national aim for annual consumption of forest chips is 25 terawatt hours (TWh) (equivalent to 13.5 million solid cubic metres) in combined heat and power (CHP) production and heat production in 2020. On average, the techno-economic potential of forest chips enables reaching the target at the national level. However, there is a geographical mismatch between the supply and demand regions. In this study, the regional balance of potential and demand from 2012 until 2020 was assessed using GIS-based methods. Economical, technical and ecological constraints were taken into account when different scenarios for municipality-level potentials were calculated. The forest chips’ consumption scenarios for plant-level were determined statistically (2012) or predicted (2020) by assuming that the total consumption of forest chips will reach the 13.5 Mm3. With help of procurement model, the use of different forest energy fuel types (stumps, logging residues and small-sized thinning wood) was spread to the procurement ring with the help of GIS coding. The forest chips’ regional balance map was made by subtracting the use of heat and combined heat and power plants’ (CHP) forest chips’ consumption from the municipality level potential data. The GIS-based method for balance calculation requires a significant amount of computer power but works well for local, municipality, regional and national-level balance calculations. The study showed that there are enough forest chips to supply the current and future demand when all forest energy assortments are used efficiently and in a sustainable manner. However, the results indicate that already at the present rate of forest chip consumption, in some areas there will not be any extra potential left. When consumption increases, the zero-potential area, in particular on the coast, expands. The highest free potential can be found in eastern and northern areas of Finland while the western and southern areas lack free potential.

基于GIS的耕地提质改造后备资源潜力测算

耕地提质改造是当前形势下落实耕地占补平衡的有效举措,是落实耕地补改结合的重要措施。随着数字化信息时代的发展和矢量数据精度的提升,耕地提质改造后备资源的测算和项目区的选址方法也在不断更新换代。因此,如何有效地选择耕地后备资源潜力测算方法,准确选择项目区是整个耕地提质改造工作的基础。通过GIS空间分析和限制因素法对盐津县耕地提质改造后备资源进行叠加分析,进行盐津县耕地提质改造潜力测算和适宜性评价,测算出盐津县共有耕地后备资源图斑1 550块,全部为旱地,面积4 408.12 hm^(2)。为科学高效地选取耕地提质改造项目区和后备资源潜力测算提供了理论方法,为加快耕地占补平衡工作提供了决策依据,有利于协调区域间补充耕地指标快速流转,保障建设用地,促进当地经济发展。

基于GIS的黄杉生长适宜性评价研究——以滇东北为例

利用GIS技术结合常规统计法、主成分分析法、层次分析法(AHP)、模糊综合评判法构建模糊综合评价模型,对黄杉在云南的集中分布区滇东北的宣威市和会泽县开展生长适宜性研究,预测黄杉在研究区域的潜在分布,找出研究区域适合培育人工黄杉林的宜林地。研究结果表明,研究区域适宜黄杉生长的面积为553128 hm^(2),占研究区域面积的46.33%;在研究区域内筛选出适宜营造黄杉林的宜林地10550.2 hm^(2)。通过GIS技术分析所得结果与天然黄杉林的实际分布情况较符合,说明基于GIS技术预测黄杉潜在分布区域和筛选适宜营造黄杉的造林地是可行的。

The SSA-BP-based potential threat prediction for aerial target considering commander emotion

The target's threat prediction is an essential procedure for the situation analysis in an aerial defense system.However,the traditional threat prediction methods mostly ignore the effect of commander's emotion.They only predict a target's present threat from the target's features itself,which leads to their poor ability in a complex situation.To aerial targets,this paper proposes a method for its potential threat prediction considering commander emotion(PTP-CE)that uses the Bi-directional LSTM(BiLSTM)network and the backpropagation neural network(BP)optimized by the sparrow search algorithm(SSA).Furthermore,we use the BiLSTM to predict the target's future state from real-time series data,and then adopt the SSA-BP to combine the target's state with the commander's emotion to establish a threat prediction model.Therefore,the target's potential threat level can be obtained by this threat prediction model from the predicted future state and the recognized emotion.The experimental results show that the PTP-CE is efficient for aerial target's state prediction and threat prediction,regardless of commander's emotional effect.

Land potential appraisal for urban land reserve based on GIS: A case of metropolitan area in Chongqing

With the rapid urbanization, land banking has become an important means for rational land use and land configuration optimizing. Rational urban land reserve and supply plan are keys for an urban land banking. GIS has been used to model urban growth, growth at the rural-urban fringe specifically. This paper identifies that the urban land banking potential can be evaluated based on RS and GIS technology. 10 indicators were chosen in the integrated index system. As a case of Metropolitan area in Chongqing, urban land banking potential was evaluated based on RS and GIS technology. With GIS, two steps can help to finish potential analysis of land banking. One is goal driven process, such as the process of planning and definition; the other step is data-driven process, such as the process of Manipulating. The results are used to establish the current land banking plan.

Occurrence Dynamics and Control of 6 Sugarcane Pests with Potential Threats

In recent years,with the adjustment of agricultural structure,the change of planting system,the continuous cropping phenomenon and the abnormal climate and environment have provided favorable conditions for the spread,reproduction and survival of sugarcane pests.The pest species that are harmful to sugarcane have increased,which pose potential threats to sugar cane production.Therefore,the occurrence dynamics and control of 6 sugarcane pests with potential threats were studied in order to prospectively grasp the dynamics of sugarcane pests,scientifically and effectively prevent and control sugarcane pests,and ensure the safety of sugarcane production.

500 kV高电位梯度GIS罐式金属氧化物避雷器研制

为了满足500 kV GIS设备抵御过电压风险的需求,研制了高电位梯度GIS罐式金属氧化物避雷器,介绍了避雷器的结构及关键技术参数,设计计算了均压屏蔽罩及电阻片表面电场强度、罐体内部电位分布及外壳受力性能,开发了高梯度氧化锌电阻片,并开展了加速老化、内绝缘耐受、残压及工频电压耐受时间特性试验验证工作。研究结果表明:避雷器罐体内部电场强度最大值为18.97 kV/mm,电位分布不均匀系数为1.059,罐体外壳在正常使用和故障条件下的安全系数分别为13.6和1.53;研制的氧化锌电阻片在95%荷电率下的老化系数为0.8,并通过了工频电压耐受时间特性试验;避雷器通过了工频743 kV、雷电冲击1676 kV和操作冲击1175 kV的内绝缘耐受试验,雷电冲击残压为978 kV、操作冲击残压为830 kV和陡波冲击残压为1100 kV,完全满足技术要求,具备挂网运行条件。

GIS支持下土壤侵蚀潜在危险度的分级研究

根据土壤侵蚀特点 ,在IDRISI地理信息系统 (GIS)支持下 ,研究设计了小流域空间与属性数据库的建设 ,在GIS系统支持下可有效地实现区域土壤侵蚀潜在危险的分级及其空间分析。首先 ,采用侵蚀预报的数学模型来估算土壤侵蚀量 ,用土壤详查资料编制土层厚度和土壤容重图 ;然后 ,由土壤年均侵蚀量、土层厚度和土壤容重得到土壤抗蚀年限图 ,按水利部标准将土壤侵蚀潜在危险度分为 5级。最后 ,为了表明某一地区或地类土壤侵蚀潜在危险的大小 ,还提出了土壤侵蚀潜在危险指数 (SEPDI)。以三峡库区的王家桥小流域为例进行了研究 。