The spatial distribution of meteorological elements is important for understanding the regional meteorology and climate changes. However,previous studies rarely focused on the daily changes of the spatial patterns of ...The spatial distribution of meteorological elements is important for understanding the regional meteorology and climate changes. However,previous studies rarely focused on the daily changes of the spatial patterns of meteorological elements due to the limitation of remote sensing(RS) techniques and traditional meteorological methods. In this paper,the regional meteorological elements were simulated by the fifth-generation non-hydrostatic Mesoscale Model(MM5) ,and the spatial patterns of meteorological elements and their diurnal variations were analyzed in landscape level over the Pearl(Zhujiang) River Delta(PRD) ,China. The results showed that there were several centers of urban heat islands,cold islands,dry islands,wet islands,high wind over the PRD at noon. The diurnal changes of Moran I of meteorological elements were obvious and they reached the extremum at noon and 2-3 hours after the sunrise. The landscape indices of meteorological elements,such as area-weighted mean Fractal Dimension Index(FRAC_AM) ,Landscape Shape Index(LSI) ,Shannon's Diversity Index(SHDI) and Contagion Index(CONTAG) ,were more variable at about the sunrise,noon and sunset. The occurrence of wave crests and vales of landscape indices was affected by the surface net radiation,turbulence and local circumfluence. The spatial patterns of meteorological elements correlated well with the land surface,thermal exchanges and local circumfluence. A new approach combining GIS,RS and numerical simulations technologies and the landscape ecology method was presented to analyze spatial patterns of meteorological elements,which may be useful for studying global and regional climate changes.展开更多
The larger population in the middle mountain region of Nepal is dependent on spring for domestic water use.Availability and flow regularity of springs rely on groundwater recharge(GWR)potential which is attributed to ...The larger population in the middle mountain region of Nepal is dependent on spring for domestic water use.Availability and flow regularity of springs rely on groundwater recharge(GWR)potential which is attributed to various natural and human factors.The present study is an attempt to explore the GWR potential using GIS and Remote sensing(RS)method in two watersheds of the far western middle mountains of Nepal.Spatial analysis is carried out using a weighted overlay analysis of six factors namely,slope,lithology,lineament,drainage density,rainfall,and land cover/land use.The result shows that only 16 percent of the total watershed area is under a very high recharge potential zone while 31 percent area falls under very low recharge potential.It is found that the distribution of existing spring sources is random concerning GWR potential.Water stress in Rel Gad watershed is evident which accentuates the proper management of recharge areas.The study concludes that the GIS RS tool is useful in identifying recharge potential zones.It aids to better planning for increasing recharge potential.Proper management of recharge potential area and spring water sources direct the future water availability to fulfill the increasing water need of the communities.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National High-tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Project) (No. 2006AA12Z207)
文摘The spatial distribution of meteorological elements is important for understanding the regional meteorology and climate changes. However,previous studies rarely focused on the daily changes of the spatial patterns of meteorological elements due to the limitation of remote sensing(RS) techniques and traditional meteorological methods. In this paper,the regional meteorological elements were simulated by the fifth-generation non-hydrostatic Mesoscale Model(MM5) ,and the spatial patterns of meteorological elements and their diurnal variations were analyzed in landscape level over the Pearl(Zhujiang) River Delta(PRD) ,China. The results showed that there were several centers of urban heat islands,cold islands,dry islands,wet islands,high wind over the PRD at noon. The diurnal changes of Moran I of meteorological elements were obvious and they reached the extremum at noon and 2-3 hours after the sunrise. The landscape indices of meteorological elements,such as area-weighted mean Fractal Dimension Index(FRAC_AM) ,Landscape Shape Index(LSI) ,Shannon's Diversity Index(SHDI) and Contagion Index(CONTAG) ,were more variable at about the sunrise,noon and sunset. The occurrence of wave crests and vales of landscape indices was affected by the surface net radiation,turbulence and local circumfluence. The spatial patterns of meteorological elements correlated well with the land surface,thermal exchanges and local circumfluence. A new approach combining GIS,RS and numerical simulations technologies and the landscape ecology method was presented to analyze spatial patterns of meteorological elements,which may be useful for studying global and regional climate changes.
文摘The larger population in the middle mountain region of Nepal is dependent on spring for domestic water use.Availability and flow regularity of springs rely on groundwater recharge(GWR)potential which is attributed to various natural and human factors.The present study is an attempt to explore the GWR potential using GIS and Remote sensing(RS)method in two watersheds of the far western middle mountains of Nepal.Spatial analysis is carried out using a weighted overlay analysis of six factors namely,slope,lithology,lineament,drainage density,rainfall,and land cover/land use.The result shows that only 16 percent of the total watershed area is under a very high recharge potential zone while 31 percent area falls under very low recharge potential.It is found that the distribution of existing spring sources is random concerning GWR potential.Water stress in Rel Gad watershed is evident which accentuates the proper management of recharge areas.The study concludes that the GIS RS tool is useful in identifying recharge potential zones.It aids to better planning for increasing recharge potential.Proper management of recharge potential area and spring water sources direct the future water availability to fulfill the increasing water need of the communities.
