CMT+P焊接行为及其AE特征频率

为了研究冷金属与脉冲复合焊(cold metal transfer and pulse,CMT+P)的焊接行为,使用PCI数据采集卡、高速相机、红外成像仪及声发射采集系统对焊接过程进行同步监测.发现脉冲射滴过渡发生前,焊机输出电流突增,同时焊丝尖端释放猛烈电弧光,随后熔滴滴入焊道,熔池温度增加,声发射(acoustic emission,AE)信号显示出1个波峰.发生CMT短路过渡时,焊机输出电流同时为焊丝熔化和焊丝伸出提供能量,待到焊丝尖端接触基板瞬间形成短路,熔池温度持续降低,AE信号微弱,伴随着熔滴因过热收缩而爆断,熔滴短路过渡完成.对AE信号进行离散傅里叶变换(discrete Fourier transform,DFT)后,可通过特征频率对CMT+P各个周期及阶段进行过程识别.结果表明,575 kHz和415 kHz可作为脉冲电弧周期和CMT短路周期的特征频率,推断180 kHz是脉冲电弧的特有频率,575 kHz的频率则是基础电弧提供,415 kHz处的频率则在CMT短路接触瞬间产生.

GMAW-P焊后中值脉冲波形控制工艺

一脉一滴是GMAW-P焊最理想的一种过渡形式。为了获得这种过渡形式,需要焊接脉冲波控参数之间的良好配合。结合仿真与试验研究,从能量的观点研究了在后中值波形控制方法中两个关键脉冲参数——中值时间和中值电流对GMAW-P焊的影响。试验表明,当设置适当的中值电流和中值时间时,能向熔滴过渡过程提供合适的能量,有利于实现一脉一滴,熔滴过渡过程的可控性好,焊接过程稳定,焊缝质量好。

P-GaN栅结构GaN基HEMT器件研究进展

增强型氮化镓(GaN)基高电子迁移率晶体管(high electron mobility transistor,HEMT)是高频高功率器件与开关器件领域的研究热点,P-GaN栅技术因具备制备工艺简单、可控且工艺重复性好等优势而成为目前最常用且唯一实现商用的GaN基增强型器件制备方法。首先,概述了当前制约P-GaN栅结构GaN基HEMT器件发展的首要问题,从器件结构与器件制备工艺这2个角度,综述了其性能优化举措方面的最新研究进展。然后,通过对研究进展的分析,总结了当前研究工作面临的挑战以及解决方法。最后,对未来的发展前景、发展方向进行了展望。

基于“前因-过程-结果”(I-P-O)模型的数字创新研究框架与展望

为更准确地把握数字创新的理论范畴和逻辑框架,通过梳理数字创新的最新研究文献,基于构建的“前因-过程-结果”的逻辑框架模型,厘清驱动数字创新的技术、组织与环境相耦合的前因要素,剖析数字创新的启动、开发与实施过程及其分布式、开放式和重组式作用机制,从类型学的角度阐释数字创新的直接产出及间接结果,并探讨数字创新领域待深入的研究问题,期望为数字创新实践及理论研究提供系统的决策指导。

GMAW-P自动焊工艺在核电站钢制安全壳中的应用

简要介绍了GMAW的工艺特点和应用现状,从钢制安全壳设计单位支持、焊接坡口形式及尺寸确定、焊接工艺参数匹配、坡口组对和背面清根等方面探讨了GMAW-P自动焊工艺在核电站钢制安全壳制造中的实施难点及保证措施,对国产核电后续安全壳自动化焊接制造和质量保障具有重要的工程意义。

LNG大型储罐9%Ni钢罐壁立缝GMAW-P机动焊工艺研究及应用探讨

LNG内罐壁9%Ni钢立缝焊接一直是制约LNG储罐施工效率的瓶颈,文章通过选用Ni基实心焊丝脉冲熔化极气保焊GMAW-P机动焊焊接工艺(以下简称GMAW-P)和适当的工艺参数及焊接设备进行立缝焊接工艺试验,形成合格的焊接工艺评定报告,从母材焊接性、焊接方法、焊接设备、坡口加工形式、理化试验等方面阐述GMAW-P机动焊的可行性。

Design of Quenching Process for Large-sized AISI P20 Steel Block Used as Plastic Die

For large-sized AISI P20 steel block used as plastic die with a thickness of more than 200 mm, appropriate quenching processes are the key to obtain much thick hardened layer. In this paper, different quenching processes of AISI P20 steel block such as oil quenching, direct water quenching, water quenching with precooling and water quenching with pre-cooling and self-tempering were numerically investigated by computer simulation based on the detailed discussion on the mathematical models of quenching processes including partial differential equations of heat transfer, thermal physical properties, latent heat, heat transfer coefficient and calculation of phase transformation, The results show that the water quenching with pre-cooling and self-tempering process can not only effectively avoid quenching cracks, but also obtain deeper harden depth than oil quenching.

基于AHP的区域煤矿应急救援基地优化布局

针对区域煤矿应急救援需求,综合考虑区域应急救援基地选址的经济效益与社会效益,构建以地理位置、经济投入和救援能力等主要指标的评估指标体系,并基于层次分析法(AHP)提出区域煤矿应急救援基地选址模型。依据模型对某市煤矿应急救援基地选址进行优化,并与基于P-中值的ArcGIS网络分析法选址结果对比,证明基于层次分析法(AHP)提出区域煤矿应急救援基地选址模型具有较高的可行性和有效性。研究成果对于提升区域防灾减灾能力,改善城市公共安全水平具有重要的理论与现实意义。

Source rupture process of the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal Mw7.9 earthquake and its tectonic implications

On 25 April, 2015, an Mw7.9 earthquake occurred in Nepal, which caused great economic loss and casualties. However, almost no surface ruptures were observed. Therefore, in order to interpret the phenomenon, we study the rupture process of the earthquake to seek answers. Inversion of teleseismic body-wave data is applied to estimate the rupture process of the 2015 Nepal earthquake. To obtain stable solutions, smoothing and non-negative constraints are introduced. 48 teleseismic stations with good coverage are chosen. Finite fault model is established with length and width of 195 km and 150 km, and we set the initial seismic source parameters referring to CMT solutions. Inversion results indicate that the focal mechanism of this earthquake is a thrust fault type, and the strike, dip and rake angle are in accordance with CMT results. The seismic moment is 0.9195 ×10^（21）Nm（Mw7.9）, and source duration is about 70s. The rupture nucleated near the hypocenter and then propagated along the dip direction to the southeast, and the maximum slip amounts to 5.2 m. Uncertainties on the amount of slip retrieved by different inversion methods still exist, the overall characteristics are inconsistent. The lack of shallow slip during the 2015 Gorkha earthquake implies future seismic hazard and this region should be paid more attention to.

Processing Mechanism of Chinese Verbal Jokes:Evidence from ERP and Neural Oscillations

The cognitive processing mechanism of humor refers to how the system of neural circuitry and pathways in the brain deals with the incongruity in a humorous manner. The past research has revealed different stages and corresponding functional brain activities involved in humor-processing in terms of time and space dimensions, highlighting the effects of the time windows of about 400 ms, 600 ms, and 900 ms. However, much less is known about humor processing in light of the frequency dimension. A total of 36 Chinese participants were recruited in this experiment, with Chinese jokes, nonjokes, and nonsensical sentences used as the stimuli. The experimental results showed that there were significant differences among conditions in the P200 effect, which signified that the incongruity detection had already been integrated and perceived at about 200 ms, prior to the semantic integration at about 400 ms. This pre-processing is specific to Chinese verbal jokes due to the simultaneous involvement of both orthographic and phonologic parts in processing Chinese characters. The analysis on the frequency dimension indicated that beta’s power particularly reflected the characteristics of different stages in Chinese verbal humor processing. Jokes’ and nonsensical sentences’ relative power changes on the beta band ranked significantly higher than that of nonjokes at about 200 ms, which suggested the existence of more difficulties in meaning construction in pre-processing the incongruities. This indicated a continuity between the analysis of event related potential (ERP) components and neural oscillations and revealed the key role of the beta frequency band in Chinese verbal joke processing.

A process model on P2P lending

Background:Online peer-to-peer lending(P2P lending)is booming as the popularity of e-finance.To develop a conceptual model for the P2P lending process is great valuable for managers to tack the issues of marketing,management and operation.Methods:In this paper,we focus on the P2P lending process model and provide a comparative analysis comparing with traditional bank loan process.Results:Firstly,our model shows that the information flow in P2P lending is more frequent and transparent.Secondly,the model reveals that P2P lending uses a quite different credit audition method,which relies on information and the decision model in the P2P systems.Thirdly,the loan management is not complete normally in P2P lending,because most P2P companies do not have the post-loan records of borrowers.Conclusions:These findings inspire future studies and practices on P2P lending process and key technologies.

CATHODIC PROCESS AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF ELECTRO-DEPOSITED RE-Ni-W-P-SiC COMPOSITE COATING

Cathodic deposition current density of the composite coatings increases when SiC par-ticles and rare earth (RE) were added in the bath, which is profitable for Ni- W-P alloy to deposit in the cathod, forming Ni-W-P-SiC and RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings. On the contrary, the addition of PTFE in the bath decreases cathodic deposition current density of the coatings. The current density increases a little when the amount of RE is 7-9g/l; however, the current density increases greatly when the amount of RE is increased to 11-13g/l. Bui ij the amount of RE is raised further, the current density decreases. Hardness and wear resistance of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coating have been studied, and the results show that the hardness and wear resistance of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coating increase with increasing heat treatment tempera-ture, which reach peak values at 400℃; while the hardness and wear resistance of the coating decrease with the rise of heat treated temperature continuously.

Q&P工艺对Fe-0.45C-1.6B高硼耐磨钢组织和性能的影响

利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、洛氏硬度计和冲击磨损试验机,研究了铸态和经Q&P工艺处理后的Fe-0.45C-1.6B高硼耐磨钢的组织和性能。结果表明,高硼耐磨钢的显微组织由金属基体和共晶硼化物组成。基体组织主要为马氏体,铁素体和少量残余奥氏体。硼化物主要为Fe_(2)B和Fe_(23)(B,C)_(6)。Q&P工艺后,铁素体被消除,合金元素分布均匀,硼化物的形态和分布随之发生变化。经Q&P工艺后,高硼耐磨钢的综合力学性能和耐磨性都得到改善。与铸态相比,Q&P工艺后高硼耐磨钢中残余奥氏体的体积分数由9.8%上升到17.6%,冲击吸收功由3.76 J上升至7.50 J,耐磨性为铸态时的1.64倍。

基于图像处理的高体积分数SiC_(p)/Al复合材料ELID磨削表面质量评价

对ELID磨削实验条件下的高体积分数SiC_(p)/Al复合材料工件表面进行了研究,通过扫描电镜(SEM)获取ELID磨削表面的形貌照片并进行观测,采用MATLAB软件对不同工件移动速度和不同磨削深度下的表面SEM照片进行灰度化、增强对比度、提取缺陷形状、降噪滤波以及将缺陷与平坦表面分割生成二值图像等处理,再通过ImageJ软件对图像中的缺陷进一步处理以获取相关数据,由此实现加工表面质量图像评价。结果表明:随着工件移动速度的增大,表面总体破坏程度变大,但大缺陷凹坑的尺寸变化不大,且凹坑数量在增加,所以表面质量变差;随着磨削深度的增加,表面总体破坏程度、大缺陷凹坑的尺寸和数量均在增加,表面质量变差。综上所述,高体积分数SiC_(p)/Al复合材料ELID磨削表面质量在较低工件移动速度和较小磨削深度下最好。

Effect of Planting Eucalyptus Trees on Runoff Depth and Its Processes of Forestland Natural Watersheds

The runoff and runoff process of Eucalyptus plantations natural watershed were studied to provide guidance for scientific evaluation of water conservation capacities of Eucalyptus plantations,compared with the Pinus massoniana forest natural watershed. The runoff volumes of Eucalyptus plantations and P. massoniana forest natural watersheds were continuously monitored using the small watershed runoff monitoring method and the automatic data collection devices from August,2013 to December,2016,and effects of heavy rainfall and continuous rainfall on the runoff process were studied. Results showed that the annual runoff coefficient of Eucalyptus plantations natural watershed was 0. 050,and 55. 4% lower than P. massoniana forest（ 0. 112）,with the difference being significant（ P 〈 0. 01）. Total runoff duration,time of maximum runoff lagging behind rainfall peak,and runoff duration caused by a heavy rainfall process（ amounting to 147. 5 mm） between the two kinds of forest watersheds were significant different,those of Eucalyptus plantations were 35. 6 mm,0. 2 h and 13. 8 h,respectively,while those of P. massoniana forest were28. 5 mm,0. 7 h and 35. 5 h,respectively. Eucalyptus plantations natural watershed produced only 4-days runoff,and runoff depth amounted to3. 8 mm with a 7-days continuous precipitation process of rainfall with 125. 0 mm,while P. massoniana forest natural watershed produced continuously 13-days runoff,and the runoff depth was 10. 1 mm. In conclusion,water conservation capacity of Eucalyptus plantations is obviously lower than P. massoniana forest.

Study on Function of Rare Earth During Producing Phosphate Fertilizer by Wet Process

The impacts of the Rare Earth (RE) on the contents of available Phosphorus (P) and the physical character of the calcium superphosphate produced by the wet process on the basis of simulating the consumption of concentrated sulphuric acid, the slurry concentration and the cure conditions in different wet process were studied in laboratory, and the results show that adding RE into different wet process does not raise available P, but changes its physical character,for example, the composite is loose and the color is offwhite.

Investigation on a Non-cyanide Plating Process of Ni-P Coating on Magnesium Alloy AZ91D

In this research we presented a non-cyanide plating process of Ni-P alloy coating on Mg alloy AZ91D. By applying a new process flow of electroless nickel plating in which zinc coating is used as transition of Ni-P coating on Mg alloy AZ91D, the process of copper transition coating plated in the cyanides bath can be replaced. A new bath composed of NiSO4 was established by orthogonal test. The results show that zinc transition coating can increase the adhesion and protect the Mg alloy substrate from the bath corrosion. The optimal plating bath composition is NiSO4·6H2O 20 g/L, NaH2PO2·H2O20g/L and C6H8O7·H2O 2.5 g/L, and optimal bath acidity and optimal plating temperature are pH 4.0 and 95℃, respectively. The present process flow is composed of ultrasonic cleaning→alkaline cleaning→acid pickling→activation→double immersing zinc→electroplating zinc→electroless nickel plating→passivation treatment. The present non-cyanide process of electroless nickel plating is harmless to our surroundings and Ni-P coating on Mg alloy AZ91D produced by present process possesses good adhesion and corrosion resistance.

ON CONVERGENCE OF A GENERALIZED P AL INTERPOLATION PROCESS

Let f∈C[-1,1]and R. (r≥1 ) be the reneralized Pal iner polation polynomials satisf ying the conditions Rn, where{xk} are the roots of n-th Jacobi polynomial Pn and are the roots of In this paper,we prove that Rn holds uniformly on [0,1].

Development of high elongation steels by quenching and partitioning process

Based upon the composition of C-Si-Mn,four types of transformation induced plasticity（ TRIP） steels with different contents of Si and M n were designed,which are subjected to quenching and partitioning（ Q＆P）processes with variable austenitizing temperatures. The as-treated steels exhibits good combination of high strength and substantial elongation. In particular,with austenitizing at 820 ℃,0. 18C-1. 8Si-2. 2M n（ %） steel and0. 18C-1. 8Si-2. 5M n（ %） steel possessed high elongation（ more than 20%） with the tensile strength over 1000 M Pa. The microstructures of the as-treated steels were obtained by scanning electron microscope,the volume fraction and carbon content of retained austenite has been quantified by X-ray diffraction. The designed Q＆P processed steels contained a multiphase microstructure including ferrite,lath martensite,and retained austenite. The volume fraction and carbon content of those steels were higher,which was treated by Q＆P processes with austenitizing at 820 ℃. Due to the TRIP effect during the deformation process,retained austenite gives better stability as well as effectively improves the formability of steels with slightly decreasing the strength,contributing to overall better performance.

A NOTE ON SAMPLE PATH PROPERTIES OF l^p-VALUED GAUSSIAN PROCESSES

The a.s. sample path properties for l p valued Gaussian processes with stationary increments under some more general conditions are established.