本研究建立了川渝地区地基GPS(global positioning system,全球定位系统)遥感水汽的本地化计算模型,开发出GPS遥感水汽的计算软件包,开展了局域地基GPS观测网遥感大气水汽的试验及业务应用,反演出30 min间隔的高时间分辨率GPS可降水量...本研究建立了川渝地区地基GPS(global positioning system,全球定位系统)遥感水汽的本地化计算模型,开发出GPS遥感水汽的计算软件包,开展了局域地基GPS观测网遥感大气水汽的试验及业务应用,反演出30 min间隔的高时间分辨率GPS可降水量序列。评估了反演精度,研究了GPS水汽产品在气象业务应用的可行性。研发了可搭建在MICAPS(meteorological information comprehensive analysis and process system)平台上的地基GPS水汽监测业务化应用系统,实现了局域地基GPS观测网数据的实时传输、数据解算、可降水量反演和GPS水汽产品的可视化,并在气象业务部门试运行,在强降水、暴雪等灾害性天气预报中发挥了独特作用。本项目组系统性研究了GPS可降水量的时间变化、水平分布,分析了GPS可降水量与气温、气压、比湿、辐射和降雨量等地面气象要素以及与局地环流、水汽输送和循环等大气过程及地形的对应关系。研究了GPS水汽产品在几类典型灾害性天气(西南暴雨、持续性降水、冰冻雨雪、大雾)以及人工增雨中的演变特征,揭示了GPS探测水汽技术及其产品在天气预报业务中的应用方法。进行了GPS可降水量的日循环合成分析,GPS可降水量在华北暴雨、西南暴雨、华西秋雨、四川盆地夜雨等方面的应用研究,以及不同云系降雨过程、不同类型降雨过程中GPS可降水量的对比分析。例如,对不同类型降雨过程中GPS-PWV(precipitable water vapor by GPS,GPS可降水量)的比较表明,在夏季暴雨发生前5~10h,GPS-PWV的激增可很好地预示其后的强降雨天气;而对于类似秋绵雨的一般性持续降雨来说,GPS-PWV的连续大幅递增或递减并超过平均值可作为降雨开始或结束的预报依据;对于不同类型降雨天气过程GPS-PWV具有不同的日变化特点,它能及时反映水汽的局地变化特征,作为水汽异常输送中的强信号,GPS-PWV在降雨天气分析及预报中具有重要的指示意义。展开更多
This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described...This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described,of which the TOPEX and Microlape missions are excellent examples of great success. With regard to the application of GPS to meteorology (GPS/MET),detailed description is given to earth based GPS/MET and space based GPS/MET,they stand at the front of recent advances in GPS.展开更多
This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS).First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed.Then the scien tific applications of space based GPS are described,...This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS).First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed.Then the scien tific applications of space based GPS are described,of which the TOPEX and Microlape missons are excellent examples ofgreat success.With regard to the application of GPS to meterorology(GPS/MET),detailed description is given to earth based GPS/MET and space based GPS/MET,they stand at the front of recent advances in GPS.展开更多
This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described...This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described,of which the TOPEX and Microlape missons are excellent examples of great success. With regard to the application of GPS to meteorology (GPS/MET),detailed description is given to earth based GPS/MET and space based GPS/MET,they stand at the front of recent advances in GPS.展开更多
This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described...This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described,of which the TOPEX and Microlape missons are excellent examples of great success. With regard to the application of GPS to meterorology (GPS/MET),detailed description is given to earth based GPS/MET and space based GPS/MET,they stand at the front of recent advances in GPS.展开更多
文摘本研究建立了川渝地区地基GPS(global positioning system,全球定位系统)遥感水汽的本地化计算模型,开发出GPS遥感水汽的计算软件包,开展了局域地基GPS观测网遥感大气水汽的试验及业务应用,反演出30 min间隔的高时间分辨率GPS可降水量序列。评估了反演精度,研究了GPS水汽产品在气象业务应用的可行性。研发了可搭建在MICAPS(meteorological information comprehensive analysis and process system)平台上的地基GPS水汽监测业务化应用系统,实现了局域地基GPS观测网数据的实时传输、数据解算、可降水量反演和GPS水汽产品的可视化,并在气象业务部门试运行,在强降水、暴雪等灾害性天气预报中发挥了独特作用。本项目组系统性研究了GPS可降水量的时间变化、水平分布,分析了GPS可降水量与气温、气压、比湿、辐射和降雨量等地面气象要素以及与局地环流、水汽输送和循环等大气过程及地形的对应关系。研究了GPS水汽产品在几类典型灾害性天气(西南暴雨、持续性降水、冰冻雨雪、大雾)以及人工增雨中的演变特征,揭示了GPS探测水汽技术及其产品在天气预报业务中的应用方法。进行了GPS可降水量的日循环合成分析,GPS可降水量在华北暴雨、西南暴雨、华西秋雨、四川盆地夜雨等方面的应用研究,以及不同云系降雨过程、不同类型降雨过程中GPS可降水量的对比分析。例如,对不同类型降雨过程中GPS-PWV(precipitable water vapor by GPS,GPS可降水量)的比较表明,在夏季暴雨发生前5~10h,GPS-PWV的激增可很好地预示其后的强降雨天气;而对于类似秋绵雨的一般性持续降雨来说,GPS-PWV的连续大幅递增或递减并超过平均值可作为降雨开始或结束的预报依据;对于不同类型降雨天气过程GPS-PWV具有不同的日变化特点,它能及时反映水汽的局地变化特征,作为水汽异常输送中的强信号,GPS-PWV在降雨天气分析及预报中具有重要的指示意义。
文摘This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described,of which the TOPEX and Microlape missions are excellent examples of great success. With regard to the application of GPS to meteorology (GPS/MET),detailed description is given to earth based GPS/MET and space based GPS/MET,they stand at the front of recent advances in GPS.
文摘This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS).First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed.Then the scien tific applications of space based GPS are described,of which the TOPEX and Microlape missons are excellent examples ofgreat success.With regard to the application of GPS to meterorology(GPS/MET),detailed description is given to earth based GPS/MET and space based GPS/MET,they stand at the front of recent advances in GPS.
文摘This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described,of which the TOPEX and Microlape missons are excellent examples of great success. With regard to the application of GPS to meteorology (GPS/MET),detailed description is given to earth based GPS/MET and space based GPS/MET,they stand at the front of recent advances in GPS.
文摘This paper deals with the recent advances in global positioning system(GPS). First of all,the principal error sources of GPS observations are analysed. Then the scientific applications of space based GPS are described,of which the TOPEX and Microlape missons are excellent examples of great success. With regard to the application of GPS to meterorology (GPS/MET),detailed description is given to earth based GPS/MET and space based GPS/MET,they stand at the front of recent advances in GPS.