Review of Women’s Employment in Greece in the 20th and Early 21st Centuries

In the early 20th century,the role of Greek women in the working environment was considered complementary,and the type of work they would do should fit their Review of Women’s Employment in Greece in the 20th and Early 21st Centuries gender stereotypes.Therefore,they were low-paid workers and employees,and they were the first to be laid off.Despite the fact that the number of Greek women participating in the labor market has increased,many of them were obliged to work due to the high rate of men’s unemployment since there was no other way to sustain the living level of the household(Alpha Bank,2018).Greek women’s participation in the labor market was accompanied by an increase in flexible types of employment along with the pay gap between men and women,which remained persistent due to the existence of discrimination.

Security Risk Assessment in Container Terminals:Empirical Evidence from Greece

The most prominent risk assessment techniques are founded on the values of measuring and controlling the frequency and the consequences of risks in order to assure an“acceptable level”of“safeness”mainly in the lines of environmental,health and hygiene and port product issues.This paper examines security risk assessment approaches within the emerging role of ports.This paper contributes to the current literature by considering the ports of Greece as a case in point and by measuring the degree of its security risk orientation based on certain valid risk factors drawn from the current literature.Moreover,it presents a security risk assessment methodology into the domain of port container terminals.Their potential for ports were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed by discussing issues of security approaches within the maritime industry,in order to facilitate improvement strategies.A two-dimension empirical study was conducted,in a time range of ten years(2010-2020)in order to provide evidence regarding security risk assessment in the port container terminal of Thessaloniki,in Greece.The findings of this study have significant strategic policy implications and shed more light on the role of security risks in the overall risk orientation of container terminals in practice.Finally,further research directions in security risk in ports are proposed.

Short-Term Memory Capacity across Time and Language Estimated from Ancient and Modern Literary Texts. Study-Case: New Testament Translations

We study the short-term memory capacity of ancient readers of the original New Testament written in Greek, of its translations to Latin and to modern languages. To model it, we consider the number of words between any two contiguous interpunctions Ip, because this parameter can model how the human mind memorizes “chunks” of information. Since IP can be calculated for any alphabetical text, we can perform experiments—otherwise impossible— with ancient readers by studying the literary works they used to read. The “experiments” compare the IP of texts of a language/translation to those of another language/translation by measuring the minimum average probability of finding joint readers (those who can read both texts because of similar short-term memory capacity) and by defining an “overlap index”. We also define the population of universal readers, people who can read any New Testament text in any language. Future work is vast, with many research tracks, because alphabetical literatures are very large and allow many experiments, such as comparing authors, translations or even texts written by artificial intelligence tools.

随机利率下条件蒙特卡罗综合加速方法及应用

主要研究CIR(cox-ingersoll-ross)随机利率模型下欧式期权定价的蒙特卡罗加速模拟问题,提出了一种新的控制变量,基于此变量结合条件蒙特卡罗方法可对普通蒙特卡罗方法有显著加速效果.理论及数值计算表明,该方法能有效地提高计算效率.同时,提出了基于条件蒙特卡罗方法求解Greeks的算法,与经典的蒙特卡罗方法比较,能更精确、稳定地求解Greeks的值.所提出的方法同样适用于一篮子期权、离散取样亚式期权等高维期权.

随机波动率模型下基于精确模拟算法的期权计算理论

基于两类随机波动率模型研究了欧式期权的价格和敏感性估计问题.在Broadie和Kaya的精确模拟算法基础上,讨论了舍取抽样技术在精确模拟算法中的有效应用.在此基础上研究条件蒙特卡罗、对偶变量技术等方差减小技术在欧式期权定价和敏感性Greeks计算中的加速问题.数值结果表明,相比欧拉离散和原始的蒙特卡罗模拟算法,基于精确模拟算法的条件蒙特卡罗加速技术能得到无偏且方差更小的估计值,具有较好的误差减小效果.该算法可以很方便地解决其他更加复杂的金融产品的计算问题,如障碍期权的定价和敏感性估计问题、篮子期权的计算问题等.

对《现代英汉综合大辞典》中习语“Greek to sb.”误译的多维探究

《现代英汉综合大辞典》将"Greek to sb."译成"对某人一窍不通"并不通顺,亦令人费解。其缘由可能有二:其一,译者对相关形容词主动与被动意义之区分不甚明确;其二,对介词to的有关用法与意义之区别注意不够。文章就此进行了多维探究,还对相关问题一并作了翻译原则上的思考。

学习英语,享受足球

有关足球的英语报道使用的语言,很多都是日常英语用语。学会用英语关注足球,读懂有关足球的英文报道,能使自己在欣赏足球的同时,英语得到进步,收到一举两得的效果。例如,英超球队阿森纳的英文名是Arsenal,其意思是“军火库或兵工厂”。记住了阿森纳球队的名字,就记住了arsenal这个单词的意思。

The Oral Language as the Primary Medium Among Men

Nowadays, language has gained great importance due to mass media which allows men to interact with other people anytime and anywhere. Some issues arise： Do media change the way we communicate？ Are there any means in particular that can help people to communicate better？ This paper finds the route for individuals to communicate better, understand each other, and promote values of both our society and culture demand. Three main issues are presented to reach this goal： Firstly, the platonic theory about names, if things are called by convention or by its nature. Secondly, three methods by which these names are used： the grammar, the rhetoric, and the dialectics. Lastly, how orality is a fundamental means for human communication. Each of these subjects will become arguments to support that dialogue is the most suitable and human way for men to communicate, because it gives the necessary tools to man to build himself according to his nature, that is to say, the search for the good and the rational perfection.

英语第一册笔试练习

1阅读短文,选用恰当的时态,用括号内动词的正确形式填空 Li ping＿＿(( 1 ) study) English at the TVU now. It＿＿((2) seem)easy at first because he((3) remember) the grammar and vocabulary from middle school, but he's having problems with listening and speaking. He＿＿((4) not practise)those skills very much at middle school, but now he＿＿((5) know) they＿＿( ( 6 ) be) very important skills. He＿＿((7) try) hard to improve them. He＿＿(( 8 ) read ) English books on science, Technology and Economics, He＿＿((9)communicate) more in English, too, both inside and outside the class, so, he＿＿( ( 10 ) read) as much as possible, listen to English on the radio, Watch English TV programmes and speak in Eanglish.

An Archetypal Approach to Dick Diver in Tender Is the Night

Dick Diver, originally a young and promising doctor and psychoanalyst, is on his way to a glamorous future, but he gradually reduces himself to drinking, cursing and drifting away in the society. Following his life journey—his love, his marriage, his fall and ruin, we readers can easily associate him with some important characters taken from Greek mythology: Apollo, Dionysus and Daedalus.

Incidental finding of Zinner syndrome in a Greek military recruit: a case report of a rare clinical entity

Background: Zinner syndrome represents a rare congenital malformation of the urinary tract. It comprises a constellation of Wolffian duct anomalies and is almost exclusively encountered as a classic triad of seminal vesicle cysts, ejaculatory duct obstruction and renal agenesis. Patients can be either asymptomatic or symptomatic. Recently, minimally invasive surgical techniques have emerged, superseding traditional surgery for select symptomatic cases. Our case highlights the finding of a rare clinical syndrome that was incidentally detected during a routine mass screening of military recruits in the Greek Armed Forces.Case presentation: Herein, we present a case of a 19-year-old male who reported having a solitary right kidney when examined in a military training center of Northern Greece. No additional clinical information was available;thus, referral to a tertiary urology department for further investigation ensued. Imaging studies, namely, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed left renal aplasia, multiple left seminal vesicle cysts, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. Laboratory values and urinalysis were within normal range. Semen analysis was significant for cryptozoospermia. Our patient remained asymptomatic during the entire hospitalization. Long-term follow-up was recommended. Nevertheless, he declined further investigation and sought treatment in a private practice setting.Conclusions: This article aims to present the incidental diagnosis of a rare syndrome in a military setting. Population screening conducted in the armed forces permits the identification of undiagnosed diseases that warrant further investigation. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report of Zinner syndrome in a military recruit and the second case cited of a Greek patient in the published literature. Regular follow-up is the key to timely intervention in conservatively managed cases.

Early Interactions between the Hellenistic and Greco-Roman World and the Chinese: The Ancient Afro-Eurasian Routes in Medicine and the Transmission of Disease

This paper discusses the historical exchanges,communications,and circumstances that initially enabled the opening of trade routes between China and the Hellenistic and Greco-Roman world.In addition,it explains how ancient Greeks first became aware of China,and the original premise of trading silk for horses.Historical Chinese texts are analyzed to identify references to the Hellenistic and Greco-Roman world in an attempt to elucidate the extent of official interactions between the two cultures.Historical and archaeological sources confirm that trade existed for millennia before Western Europeans traveled to China during the Age of Exploration.The thesis describes how silk and disease traveled from east to west and explains the historical conditions that allowed the exchange of ideas,practices,beliefs,and culture.

Quo Vadis Archimedean Turbines Nowadays in Greece, in the Era of Transition？

According to recent hydropower inventories, the first aim of this paper is to prove that Greece is a real ＂Archimedean Soft Small Hydro Development Terra Incognita＂. It is a country in the Era of Transition of nowadays, having an important unexploited hydropower potential of several TWh and thousands of MW. The second goal is to present the results of rediscovering the old screw pumps and the always-modern Archimedean cochlear screw ideas as a series of soft hydropower turbines with inclined axis rotors and floating spiral screw devices. By following the similarity methodology, a few small-scale models of cochlear rotors were designed, developed and tested in an Armfield hydraulic channel. The conventional and unconventional, low or zero-head screw turbines, could efficiently harness the important and unexploited Greek small potential and kinetic hydraulic energy of all the natural watercourses, the man-made open urban or rural channels and the most important tidal or sea currents, producing useful green electricity. The very promising low-head hydropower inventory of Greece, the preliminary experimental results and the research studies of cochlear projects in watercourses, hydraulic works, tidal conditions of Euripus Strait and in the mysterious ＂Sea River Current of Cephalonia＂, seems to give a good answer to the question ＂Quo Vadis Archimedes nowadays in Greece, in the Era of Transition？＂.

从英语中一些侮谩其它民族的现象看民族岐视

在语言中常可见到这样的现象:贬低别的国家、民族或地区,把不好的东西推给别的国家、民族或地区,把别的国家、民族或地区作为讥讽、挖苦、嘲笑、戏谑的对象.由于历史上英语民族与其它民族在政治、经济、军事、文化上的交往和冲突,民族偏见情绪油然产生,这种情况反映在英语上便产生了一批侮辱、谩骂其它民族的词和短语或成语以及俗谚.本人通过搜集整理,将其分为短语或成语、词以及俗谚三个方面。

Greek Texts and the Rigorization of Analysis:An Inquiry into J.L.Lagrange's Work on the History of Mathematics

This paper offers a study of J.L.Lagrange's research on history of mathematics,aiming to clarify Lagrange's intention in carrying out historical work.To this end,I first document how Lagrange worked with and exerted his influence on other scholars in the translation and diffusion of ancient Greek texts.Second,investigating Lagrange's style in doing and writing history of mathematics,this paper takes a new perspective and elucidates his motivation in these activities.In particular,it focuses on Lagrange's presentation of the history of calculus while he was teaching analysis at the Ecole Polytechnique(1795-1799)so as to clarify the function of history in Lagrange's mathematical works.My thesis is that Lagrange's intention in examining the different methods employed by his predecessors was to find inspiration and useful contents in his search for the proper approach to mathematical problems.I thus argue in this paper that history served as a guide or methodology for Lagrange's mathematics.Meanwhile,through an analysis of his historical writing,this paper points to four epistemological values according to which Lagrange judged various historical methods of differential calculus:generality,simplicity,clarity,and rigor.Lagrange's move to rigorize analysis was connected to his interest in and research of Greek texts;he was attempting to introduce the rigor of the ancient Greeks'demonstration in his works of analysis.

Traditional and Computer-Based Evaluation of Preschoolers＇ Oral Language in Greek A Review of the Literature

The purpose of this study is to examine and present the procedures and the tools that are described in the literature for observing preschool children＇s communication competence. Informal and formal standardised testing activities are included and a distinction is made on traditional and computer-based screening and diagnosis. The results of study illustrate the current trends of the literature and discuss the possibility of the computer-based screening and diagnosis to partially make up for the expert-personnel shortage

A Statistical Theory of Language Translation Based on Communication Theory

We propose the first statistical theory of language translation based on communication theory. The theory is based on New Testament translations from Greek to Latin and to other 35 modern languages. In a text translated into another language, all linguistic variables do numerically change. To study the chaotic data that emerge, we model any translation as a complex communication channel affected by “noise”, studied according to Communication Theory applied for the first time to this channel. This theory deals with aspects of languages more complex than those currently considered in machine translations. The input language is the “signal”, the output language is a “replica” of the input language, but largely perturbed by noise, indispensable, however, for conveying the meaning of the input language to its readers. We have defined a noise-to-signal power ratio and found that channels are differently affected by translation noise. Communication channels are also characterized by channel capacity. The translation of novels has more constraints than the New Testament translations. We propose a global readability formula for alphabetical languages, not available for most of them, and conclude with a general theory of language translation which shows that direct and reverse channels are not symmetric. The general theory can also be applied to channels of texts belonging to the same language both to study how texts of the same author may have changed over time, or to compare texts of different authors. In conclusion, a common underlying mathematical structure governing human textual/verbal communication channels seems to emerge. Language does not play the only role in translation;this role is shared with reader’s reading ability and short-term memory capacity. Different versions of New Testament within the same language can even seem, mathematically, to belong to different languages. These conclusions are everlasting because valid also for ancient Roman and Greek readers.

An Overview of the Greek Islands’ Autonomous Electrical Systems: Proposals for a Sustainable Energy Future

Among the Greek islands, 61 are based—currently—on autonomous electrical systems for covering the electrical energy demand and are characterized as Non-Interconnected Islands (NII). The average electricity production cost in the NII is 2.5 times higher than in areas with access to the main, interconnected electricity grid (IEG) of Greece. In this paper, an analytic overview of the autonomous electricity systems of Greek islands is provided, focusing on electricity consumption and production, as well as on the relative costs. For investigating possibilities for improving the situation, especially in small, remote islands, simulations for the energy system of Astypalea are conducted. It is proved that further use of renewables in combination with energy storage can lower the current, high energy costs. Expansion of the IEG is not economically viable for islands which are far away from the mainland and their peak loads are less than 10 ΜW.

漫谈英语墓志铭及其演变

英语墓志铭(epitaph)源于希腊语 epigraphē,最初指在死者墓石或碑石上刻写文章以示纪念,后也指悼念性的简短诗文,因此,英语中这类刻文、碑文、铭文的文字统称为 epigraph。公元前925年编辑的《希腊文选》(Greek Anthology)中就收集了多篇碑文和铭文。随着时间的推移,一种称之为碑铭文的文学形式渐渐地形成了,尤其是17和18世纪,英国作家如约翰逊(S.Johnson)、邓恩(J.Donne)、德莱顿(J.Dry-den)、斯威夫特(J.Swift)、蒲柏(A.Pope)、彭斯(R.Burns)