The factor having effect on compostie errors of long gage blocks and their control are discussed, and a ba-sis is therefore provided for driprovement of composite accuracy. Calculations and experiments were conduted f...The factor having effect on compostie errors of long gage blocks and their control are discussed, and a ba-sis is therefore provided for driprovement of composite accuracy. Calculations and experiments were conduted for de-formation error resulting for clamp foree and the effect of additional bending moment on parallelism of the measure-ment surfaces. With gage blocks of different length in good conact, clamp force and suppotrs properly chosen, the composite error can be controlled within 0.1μp by reducing or eliminating the effect of additional bending moment on parallelism of measurement surfaces.展开更多
Background. Melanoma antigen genes (MAGE)and GAGE genes are encoded by genes t hat are silent in virtually all normal adult tissues but are expressed in tumors from various tissues. These gene products are targets for...Background. Melanoma antigen genes (MAGE)and GAGE genes are encoded by genes t hat are silent in virtually all normal adult tissues but are expressed in tumors from various tissues. These gene products are targets for specific immunotherap y as they are presented by HLA I molecules and recognized by autologous cytotoxi c T-lymphocytes. However, the characteristics of these genes, especially in ute rine cervical cancer are relatively unknown. Purpose. This study evaluated the p revalence of MAGE and GAGE by reverse transcription-poly-merase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with common primers and discusses clinical implications in cervical c arcinoma. Materials and methods. Fresh tissue from 37 cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma and normal cervical mucosa were evaluated for clinicopathologic p arameters including Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-16,18 infection by PCR, tumor s tage by FIGO classification and lymph node involvement. RT-nested PCR for the M AGE and GAGE genes was performed with common primers and DNA sequencing after su bcloning was used for identification of PCR products of MAGE. Formalin-fixed pa raffin embedded material from the same specimen was analyzed by in situ RT-PCR for MAGE. Results. Expression of MAGE and GAGE was not observed in normal tissue s. Eleven out of 37 cases expressed MAGE mRNA (29.7%): analysis of subtypes ide ntified one case of MAGE-1, two cases of MAGE-4b, six cases of MAGE-3, and tw o unknown subtypes. Thirteen out of 37 cases (35.1%) expressed GAGE mRNA. No si gnificant relationships between expression of these genes and FIGO staging, lymp h node metastasis or HPV infection were found. Conclusion. Expression of MAGE an d GAGE may be involved in the development of uterine cervical carcinoma from int raepithelial neoplasia, although without distinct prognostic significance. MAGE and GAGE genes have the potential to be used as targets for the treatment of ute rine cervical carcinoma.展开更多
文摘The factor having effect on compostie errors of long gage blocks and their control are discussed, and a ba-sis is therefore provided for driprovement of composite accuracy. Calculations and experiments were conduted for de-formation error resulting for clamp foree and the effect of additional bending moment on parallelism of the measure-ment surfaces. With gage blocks of different length in good conact, clamp force and suppotrs properly chosen, the composite error can be controlled within 0.1μp by reducing or eliminating the effect of additional bending moment on parallelism of measurement surfaces.
文摘Background. Melanoma antigen genes (MAGE)and GAGE genes are encoded by genes t hat are silent in virtually all normal adult tissues but are expressed in tumors from various tissues. These gene products are targets for specific immunotherap y as they are presented by HLA I molecules and recognized by autologous cytotoxi c T-lymphocytes. However, the characteristics of these genes, especially in ute rine cervical cancer are relatively unknown. Purpose. This study evaluated the p revalence of MAGE and GAGE by reverse transcription-poly-merase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with common primers and discusses clinical implications in cervical c arcinoma. Materials and methods. Fresh tissue from 37 cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma and normal cervical mucosa were evaluated for clinicopathologic p arameters including Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-16,18 infection by PCR, tumor s tage by FIGO classification and lymph node involvement. RT-nested PCR for the M AGE and GAGE genes was performed with common primers and DNA sequencing after su bcloning was used for identification of PCR products of MAGE. Formalin-fixed pa raffin embedded material from the same specimen was analyzed by in situ RT-PCR for MAGE. Results. Expression of MAGE and GAGE was not observed in normal tissue s. Eleven out of 37 cases expressed MAGE mRNA (29.7%): analysis of subtypes ide ntified one case of MAGE-1, two cases of MAGE-4b, six cases of MAGE-3, and tw o unknown subtypes. Thirteen out of 37 cases (35.1%) expressed GAGE mRNA. No si gnificant relationships between expression of these genes and FIGO staging, lymp h node metastasis or HPV infection were found. Conclusion. Expression of MAGE an d GAGE may be involved in the development of uterine cervical carcinoma from int raepithelial neoplasia, although without distinct prognostic significance. MAGE and GAGE genes have the potential to be used as targets for the treatment of ute rine cervical carcinoma.
