Attributing to the rapid demand expansion for the edible medicinal materials in the market,the limited throughput of highperformance liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring(HPLC-MRM)cannot fully address the...Attributing to the rapid demand expansion for the edible medicinal materials in the market,the limited throughput of highperformance liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring(HPLC-MRM)cannot fully address the measurement workload for a huge number of testing samples.Hence,it is urgent to pursue more efficient approaches for the quality evaluation.Because of the greater selectivity of MRM cubed(MRM^(3))over MRM,there might be a chance to omit the time-intensive LC separation.In current study,we attempted to develop a direct infusion(DI)-MRM^(3) program,and the applicability was thereafter assessed through simultaneous determination of four ganoderic acids(GAs)in one of the most famous tonic herbal medicines namely Ganoderma(Chinese name:Lingzhi).Primary parameters such as Q1>Q3>QLIT ion transitions,collision energy(CE),and excitation energy were optimized by programming online energy-resolved mass spectrometry with authentic compounds.A single DI-MRM measurement merely costed four minutes,and in spite of the wide occurrences of isomers,satisfactory selectivity was achieved.Method validation assays demonstrated the method to be sensitive,precise,accurate,and reproducible.The quantitative results from DI-MRM^(3) were also justified by conducting LC-MRM measurements in parallel.Significant differences occurred for the content patterns between the two original sources namely Ganoderma lucidum and G.sinense,and,moreover,either cultivar or harvest time showed dramatical influence on the quantitative features of the four targeted GAs.More importantly,DI-MRM3 is a meaningful analytical option for rapid quantitative analysis of herbal medicines,because of the comparable reliability,nonetheless,less consumptions of both measurement time and solvent,compared with LC-MRM.展开更多
A contributory role of oxidative stress and protection by antioxidant nutrients have been suspected in cataract formation.Ganoderic acid A(GAA),an effective lanostane triterpene,is widely reported as an antioxidant.Th...A contributory role of oxidative stress and protection by antioxidant nutrients have been suspected in cataract formation.Ganoderic acid A(GAA),an effective lanostane triterpene,is widely reported as an antioxidant.The aim of this study is to investigate the potential effects of GAA on cataract formation.After lens epithelial cells(LECs)were exposed to UVB radiation for different periods,cell viability,apoptosis-related protein levels,malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities were monitored.We found that cell viability,the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and SOD activity were increased,while Cleaved caspase-3 levels and MDA activity were decreased compared with those in UVB-impaired LECs after GAA treated.Furthermore,GAA activated PI3 K/AKT in UVB-impaired LECs and effectively delayed the occurrence of lens opacity in vitro.In conclusion,these findings demonstrated that GAA exhibited protective functions in SRA01/04 cells and rat lenses against UVB-evoked impairment through elevating cell viability and antioxidant activity,inhibiting cell apoptosis,activating the PI3 K/AKT pathway and delaying lens opacity.展开更多
Ganoderma lucidum is a valuable medical macrofungus with a myriad of diverse secondary metabolites,in which triterpenoids are the major constituents.This paper introduced the germplasm resources of genus Ganoderma fro...Ganoderma lucidum is a valuable medical macrofungus with a myriad of diverse secondary metabolites,in which triterpenoids are the major constituents.This paper introduced the germplasm resources of genus Ganoderma from textual research,its distribution and identification at the molecular level.Also we overviewed G.lucidum in the components,the biological activities and biosynthetic pathways of ganoderic acid,aiming to provide scientific evidence for the development and utilization of G.lucidum germplasm resources and the biosynthesis of ganoderic acid.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81973444)the Open Research Project Programme of the State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine(University of Macao)(SKLQRCM-OP21011).
文摘Attributing to the rapid demand expansion for the edible medicinal materials in the market,the limited throughput of highperformance liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring(HPLC-MRM)cannot fully address the measurement workload for a huge number of testing samples.Hence,it is urgent to pursue more efficient approaches for the quality evaluation.Because of the greater selectivity of MRM cubed(MRM^(3))over MRM,there might be a chance to omit the time-intensive LC separation.In current study,we attempted to develop a direct infusion(DI)-MRM^(3) program,and the applicability was thereafter assessed through simultaneous determination of four ganoderic acids(GAs)in one of the most famous tonic herbal medicines namely Ganoderma(Chinese name:Lingzhi).Primary parameters such as Q1>Q3>QLIT ion transitions,collision energy(CE),and excitation energy were optimized by programming online energy-resolved mass spectrometry with authentic compounds.A single DI-MRM measurement merely costed four minutes,and in spite of the wide occurrences of isomers,satisfactory selectivity was achieved.Method validation assays demonstrated the method to be sensitive,precise,accurate,and reproducible.The quantitative results from DI-MRM^(3) were also justified by conducting LC-MRM measurements in parallel.Significant differences occurred for the content patterns between the two original sources namely Ganoderma lucidum and G.sinense,and,moreover,either cultivar or harvest time showed dramatical influence on the quantitative features of the four targeted GAs.More importantly,DI-MRM3 is a meaningful analytical option for rapid quantitative analysis of herbal medicines,because of the comparable reliability,nonetheless,less consumptions of both measurement time and solvent,compared with LC-MRM.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81770906 and 81974129)the Science and Technology Project of Nantong Municipality(Nos.JCZ19088 and JCZ19077)the Project of Nantong Municipal Health Commission(No.QA2019061)。
文摘A contributory role of oxidative stress and protection by antioxidant nutrients have been suspected in cataract formation.Ganoderic acid A(GAA),an effective lanostane triterpene,is widely reported as an antioxidant.The aim of this study is to investigate the potential effects of GAA on cataract formation.After lens epithelial cells(LECs)were exposed to UVB radiation for different periods,cell viability,apoptosis-related protein levels,malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities were monitored.We found that cell viability,the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and SOD activity were increased,while Cleaved caspase-3 levels and MDA activity were decreased compared with those in UVB-impaired LECs after GAA treated.Furthermore,GAA activated PI3 K/AKT in UVB-impaired LECs and effectively delayed the occurrence of lens opacity in vitro.In conclusion,these findings demonstrated that GAA exhibited protective functions in SRA01/04 cells and rat lenses against UVB-evoked impairment through elevating cell viability and antioxidant activity,inhibiting cell apoptosis,activating the PI3 K/AKT pathway and delaying lens opacity.
基金supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Grant of Zhejiang for Breeding New Agricultural Varieties(No.2021C02074 and 2021C02073)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LR21H280002)Zhejiang Key Agricultural Enterprise Institute(No.2017Y20001)。
文摘Ganoderma lucidum is a valuable medical macrofungus with a myriad of diverse secondary metabolites,in which triterpenoids are the major constituents.This paper introduced the germplasm resources of genus Ganoderma from textual research,its distribution and identification at the molecular level.Also we overviewed G.lucidum in the components,the biological activities and biosynthetic pathways of ganoderic acid,aiming to provide scientific evidence for the development and utilization of G.lucidum germplasm resources and the biosynthesis of ganoderic acid.