[Objectives]To explore the extraction and in vitro antioxidant effects of astragalus polysaccharides(APS)and Ganoderma lucidum mycelia polysaccharides(GLMPS).[Methods]By studying the polysaccharides of the herbal medi...[Objectives]To explore the extraction and in vitro antioxidant effects of astragalus polysaccharides(APS)and Ganoderma lucidum mycelia polysaccharides(GLMPS).[Methods]By studying the polysaccharides of the herbal medicinal material Astragalus membranaceus and the fungal medicinal material Ganoderma lucidum mycelia,two polysaccharides were mixed according to different proportions and concentrations by using the principle of traditional Chinese medicine compound combination.The effect of polysaccharides on the scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical system was determined by salicylic acid method.[Results]When the compound ratios of GLMPS and APS were 1∶1,1∶4,1∶5,4∶1,and 5∶1,the scavenging effect of compound polysaccharides was better than that of single-component polysaccharides,and with the increase of concentration,the scavenging effect increased.When the ratio of GLMPS and APS was 5∶1,the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of the compound polysaccharide reached 59.77%,which was 18.72%higher than that of single GLMPS and 28.58%higher than that of single APS.The scavenging effect of compound polysaccharide is closely related to the compound ratio and concentration.[Conclusions]APS and GLMPS can obtain better hydroxyl radical scavenging ability than single-component polysaccharides through compounding in appropriate proportions.In addition,within a suitable concentration range,as the concentration increases,the scavenging ability also increases.展开更多
[Objectives]To determine physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLP)in different growth stages and culture media.[Methods]Five polysaccharides(GLP1,GLP2,GLP3,GLPW...[Objectives]To determine physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLP)in different growth stages and culture media.[Methods]Five polysaccharides(GLP1,GLP2,GLP3,GLPW and GLPB)were extracted and purified from the fruiting body of G.lucidum at three growth stages and culture substrates(wood culture and bag culture).The chemical components and antioxidant activity of the five polysaccharides were determined.[Results]GLP1 contained the highest content of neutral sugar(87.65%)and GLP3 had the highest uronic acid content.All the samples mainly comprised glucose,galactose,mannose,xylose and arabose with different ratios.Moreover,their antioxidant activities were investigated on the basis of DPPH radical,ABTS radical,SOD-like activity,and antihaemolytic activity.Results indicated in all three growth stages GLP2 had the greatest antioxidant properties.In addition,the antioxidant activity of GLPW was significantly higher than that of GLPB.[Conclusions]Overall,by comparison,G.lucidum in growth stage two may have potential health benefits,and wood culture may be a superior choice of artificial cultivation due to their abundance of active polysaccharides.展开更多
Objective:To examine the level of expression of anti skin aging gene of Ganoderma lucidum polysacchayides and clarify its mechanism with anti aging of this ancient Chinese medicine.Methods:HacaT cell of keratinocytes ...Objective:To examine the level of expression of anti skin aging gene of Ganoderma lucidum polysacchayides and clarify its mechanism with anti aging of this ancient Chinese medicine.Methods:HacaT cell of keratinocytes lines were cultured and treated with the polysaccharides.The total RNA was extracted with Trizol reagent and cDNA was synthesized by reverse thanscription.The obtained cDNAs were then fluorescently labeled with cy3 and cy5 respectively and hybridized with gene expressing pedigree cDNA chip.The images were scanned and analyzed with special software.The scan data were analyzed with software and checked by real time PCR.Results:Among total 18 346 human genes,the expression of 103 ones was up-regulated and 378 ones down-regulated.It was demonstrated evidently that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides affected the expression of genes of anti skin aging.Two ways are anastomotic.Conclusion:it is concluded by analysis of function of these up-regulation and down-regulation genes that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides may play an important role in boosting cell growth and against skin aging.It shows that the results of gene array reliable by real time PCR.展开更多
Previous study have demonstrated that a compound composed of water-soluable Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLP)and Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharides(PUP)in a ratio of 3:1 named GPP enhances innate immune functio...Previous study have demonstrated that a compound composed of water-soluable Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLP)and Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharides(PUP)in a ratio of 3:1 named GPP enhances innate immune function in mice through enhancing the function of macrophage cells and activity of natural killer(NK)cells.Here in our research,we further investigated the effect of GPP on the diversity and composition of intestinal flora,and explored its effect on colitis model mice.The immunoregulatory verification experiments of GPP were conducted in both normal and DSS-induced mice model.Our research showed that GPP increased the diversity of intestinal microorganisms in mice with the extension of administration time.Daily GPP intake attenuated DSS-induced colon injury,protected the splenic lymphocyte proliferation ability,enhanced the serum hemolysin synthesis,and increased peripheral phagocytes and NK cell activity in model mice.Comparisons of the predominant gene pathways of the bacterial microbiota showed that DNA repair and recombination,base mismatch repair pathways was stronger in GPP-treatment group than in control group,indicating the possible molecular mechanisms of immune function regulation.Our study showed that GPP regulated immune function in both health and colitis model,and had a positive effect on maintaining intestinal flora homeostasis.展开更多
In the present work,an enzyme assisted extraction method is used to isolate crude polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. The isolating effect was optimized with orthographic graph statistic method with three levels a...In the present work,an enzyme assisted extraction method is used to isolate crude polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. The isolating effect was optimized with orthographic graph statistic method with three levels and four independent variables. Complex enzyme,extraction temperature,extraction time and extraction pH were combined to obtain the best possible combination to get maximum amount of extract and crude polysaccharides yield. The optimum extraction conditions were:complex enzyme amount of 3 %(w/v),extraction temperature at 45 ℃,extraction time of 3 h and extraction pH at 7. Under these conditions,the experimental amount of extract is 8.9 % and the yield of crude polysaccharides is 1.1 %,which are in close agreement with the value predicted by the model.展开更多
In recent years,studies have shown that there is a correlation between sleep disorders and cancer,but at the present stage,the research on sleep disorders and tumor related animal models is relatively insufficient.Our...In recent years,studies have shown that there is a correlation between sleep disorders and cancer,but at the present stage,the research on sleep disorders and tumor related animal models is relatively insufficient.Our research will focus on mice bearing B16F10-luc-G5 melanoma tumor with sleep fragmentation,detecting promoting effect of sleep fragmentation(SF)on the metastasis of melanoma.At the same time,we used Ganoderma lucidum poly⁃saccharides peptide(GL-pp,80 mg·kg-1),a component of traditional Chinese medicine Ganoderma lucidum,which has long enjoyed a good reputation at home and abroad,to observe its anti-tumor metastasis effects on B16F10-luc-G5 mice with SF.Then we used whole proteomics to analyze the difference proteins expressed in lung tissue and compared between groups,includes mice bearing B16F10-luc-G5,mice bearing B16F10-luc-G5 with SF and GL-pp administered mice bearing B16F10-luc-G5 with SF.With the analysis using bioinformatics,we found several key proteins,their genes name are Adcy9,ptk2,Yap1 and Lpin2,Per1 and Tim.And several important clusters,they are,immune system,platelet aggres⁃sion,energy metabolism,cell cytoskeleton,cell adhesion and circadian rhythms.Moreover,we detected the TLR4 signal pathway and macrophage differentiation to reconfirm the results of proteomics and trying to elucidate the mechanism of SF on tumor growth and metastasis and the effects of GL-pp.展开更多
Polysaccharides are the most important pharmacologically active constituents of Ganoderma lucidum. In this work, polysaccharides were extracted from Ganoderma lucidum with boiling water method and enzyme assisted meth...Polysaccharides are the most important pharmacologically active constituents of Ganoderma lucidum. In this work, polysaccharides were extracted from Ganoderma lucidum with boiling water method and enzyme assisted method. The human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 was used to compare the an- titumor effect of the two kinds of extraction with 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Both of these two kinds of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reduced cell viability of cancer cell HepG2 in a dose and time-dependent manner. At low concentrations, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of L 1 and L2; while at concentrations over 0.8 ug/mL, the difference in the effectiveness of L2 in comparison to L1 became significant. At the concentrations of 3.2 ug/mL, the cancer cells were almost killed in 2 d.展开更多
A water soluble, (1 -->6)-branched, (1 -->4) linked D-glucan (LB-B1), [alpha](D)(21) = +174.2 degrees (c 0.87, H2O), was obtained from a hot-water extract of the sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidun (Fr....A water soluble, (1 -->6)-branched, (1 -->4) linked D-glucan (LB-B1), [alpha](D)(21) = +174.2 degrees (c 0.87, H2O), was obtained from a hot-water extract of the sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidun (Fr.) Karst by HPSEC, with 0.001 mol/L sodium hydroxide as the eluant, the molecular weight (Mw) of LB-B1 was estimated to be 9.3 x 10(3). From the results of total hydrolysis, methylation analysis, acetolysis and 1D, 2D-NMR experimentation, it was concluded that LB-B1 was composed of repeating units with the following structure: alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->6)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->6)-alpha -D-Glc(p) 1 down arrow 6 (-->4)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->4)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->4)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->4)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->4-)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->)(n)展开更多
OBJECTIVE Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides(GLPP)have an anti-oxidant activity.The oxidative stress implicates in the pathogenesis of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(RIRI).The objective of this study was to ...OBJECTIVE Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides(GLPP)have an anti-oxidant activity.The oxidative stress implicates in the pathogenesis of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(RIRI).The objective of this study was to determine whether GLPP could attenuate RIRI via counteracting the oxidative stress.METHODS Mice subjected to uninephrectomy with the right kidney ischemia for 35 min and reperfusion for 24 hwere used to explore the protective activity of GLPP against RIRI.In GLPP-treated group,100mg·kg-1·d-1 of GLPP were intraperitoneally injected for 7dbefore the procedure.In vitro,NRK-52 Ecells subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation(H/R)and tunicamycin were used to explore the protective effect of GLPP against oxidative stress.The mechanisms in which GLPP protected kidney from RIRI were studied using a series of physiological and molecular biological methods.RESULTS Kidneys undergone ischemia-reperfusion showed renal dysfunction and characteristic morphological changes including cellular necrosis,brush border loss,cast formation,vacuolization and tubular dilatation while these damages were significantly attenuated by GLPP treatment.The abnormal levels of MPO,MDA and SOD caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion were significantly reversed by GLPP treatment.More apoptotic cells were found in the renal ischemia-reperfusion group than the sham group whereas GLPP reduced apoptotic cells in the ischemia-reperfusion mice by21.75%(P<0.01).The GLPPs(25-1μg·mL)alleviated H/R induced cell viability loss by 20.12%(P<0.01)andΔφm dissipation by 27.3%(P<0.01)in vitro as well and its pretreatment dramatically reduced H/R and tunicamycin induced cell injury.CONCLUSION Our study found that GLPP had a protective effect on RIRI via its anti-oxidative capacity,which suggests that GLPP may be developed as a candidate drug for preventing acute kidney injury.展开更多
By investigating the shear effect on submerged cultivation of a traditional Chinese medicinal herb Ganoderma lucidum, a relatively high cell concentration of 13.8 g·L-1 by dry mass was obtained in bioreactor at a...By investigating the shear effect on submerged cultivation of a traditional Chinese medicinal herb Ganoderma lucidum, a relatively high cell concentration of 13.8 g·L-1 by dry mass was obtained in bioreactor at an impeller tip speed (ITS) of 0.51m·s-1. At an ITS of 0.51,1.02 and 1.53m·s-1, a maximal production titer of intracellular polysaccharide was 2.64, 2.20 and 2.28g·L-1 and that of ganoderic acid was 306, 299 and 273g·L-1, respectively. Under these ITSs, the maximal mean projected area of dispersed hyphae was 3.70, 2.54 and 2.13×104μm2, and that of pellets was 0.91, 0.67 and 0.55mm2, respectively. The information obtained is useful for efficient submerged cultivation of mushrooms on a large scale.展开更多
[Objectives] The research aimed to study the impact on extraction effect of polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum( lingzhi) by different pretreatment methods. [Methods] The impacts on extraction of G. lucidum polysacc...[Objectives] The research aimed to study the impact on extraction effect of polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum( lingzhi) by different pretreatment methods. [Methods] The impacts on extraction of G. lucidum polysaccharide by soaking,microwave and air flow fine pulverization were contrasted,and the extraction effect of G. lucidum polysaccharide by combining the optimal pretreatment manner with hot water extraction,alcohol extraction,alkali extraction,ultrasonic binding enzyme extraction,and microwave extraction was compared. Finally,the property of G. lucidum polysaccharide obtained after air flow fine pulverization pretreatment was detected and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. [Results] The optimal pretreatment method was air flow fine pulverization. Compared with traditional method-direct extraction( coarse grinding combining hot water extraction),crude yield changed little,while polysaccharide content and yield were improved by 114% and 104%. The best combination manner was air flow fine pulverization pretreatment combining with alkali extraction. Compared with traditional method,crude yield,polysaccharide content and yield were improved by 76%,78% and 215% respectively. The property of G. lucidum polysaccharide obtained after air flow fine pulverization pretreatment was detected and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. It was found that the treatment method had little impact on the property of G. lucidum polysaccharide. [Conclusions]Air flow fine pulverization pretreatment could greatly improve extraction effect of G. lucidum polysaccharide,which mainly improved the content and yield of G. lucidum polysaccharide,and extraction was more complete,with less impact on the property of the extracted polysaccharide. It was speculated that air flow fine pulverization pretreatment mainly destroyed mechanical support wall membrane structure of G. lucidum fine powder,making that intracellular functional substances completely dissolved out of the cell,and the content would be studied in follow-up experiment.展开更多
The immune regulatory and antioxidant roles of Ganoderma lucidum were investigated using cyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice. Mice were randomly divided into groups: untreated(groupⅠ), immunosuppresse...The immune regulatory and antioxidant roles of Ganoderma lucidum were investigated using cyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice. Mice were randomly divided into groups: untreated(groupⅠ), immunosuppressed(groupⅡ), unfermented G. lucidum polysaccharide(groupⅢ) and fermented G. lucidum polysaccharide(group Ⅳ). After seven consecutive days of treatments, the serum concentration of IL-4, IFN-gamma, IgG, IgA and IgM and the liver activity of GSH-Px, SOD, CAT and MDA enzymes were analyzed. The contents of IL-4, IFN-γ in serum and GSH-Px, SOD and CAT in liver tissues were significantly reduced in groupⅡ compared with those in group I, indicating successful CTX-induced immunosuppression. Interestingly, the results showed that the above immune and antioxidant indicators were significantly improved after G. lucidum polysaccharide treatment, regardless of fermentation. However, fermentation caused changes in polysaccharide structure, which might have a significant impact on immune regulation and antioxidant functions in immunosuppressed mice.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide(GLPP)is a group of extract from Ganoderma lucidum with a molecular mass of approximately 5×10^5,which ratio of polysaccharide to peptide is approximately 95%/5%....OBJECTIVE Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide(GLPP)is a group of extract from Ganoderma lucidum with a molecular mass of approximately 5×10^5,which ratio of polysaccharide to peptide is approximately 95%/5%.The purpose of this study was to determine whether GLPP has therapeutic effect on Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Ob/ob mouse model and ApoC3 transgenic mouse model were used for exploring the effect of GLPP on NAFLD.Key metabolic pathways and enzymes were identified by metabolomics combining with KEGG and PIUmet analyses and key enzymes were detected by Western blotting.Hepatosteatosis models of HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes were used to further confirm the therapeutic effect of GLPP on NAFLD.RESULTS GLPP administrated for a month alleviated hepatosteatosis,dyslipidemia,liver dysfunction and liver insulin resistance.Pathways of glycerophos⁃pholipid metabolism,fatty acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis were involved in the therapeutic effect of GLPP on NAFLD.Detection of key enzymes revealed that GLPP reversed low expression of CYP7A1,CYP8B1,FXR,SHP and high expression of FGFR4 in ob/ob mice and ApoC3 mice.Besides,GLPP inhibited fatty acid synthesis by reducing the expression of SREBP1c,FAS and ACC via a FXR-SHP dependent mechanism.Additionally,GLPP reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets and the content of TG in HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes induced by oleic acid and palmitic acid.CONCLUSION GLPP significantly improves NAFLD via regulating bile acid synthesis dependent on FXR-SHP/FGF pathway,which finally inhibits fatty acid synthesis,indicating that GLPP might be developed as a ther⁃apeutic drug for NAFLD.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) encompasses a series of patho.logic changes ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis,which may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocel.lular carcinoma.The purpose of thi...OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) encompasses a series of patho.logic changes ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis,which may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocel.lular carcinoma.The purpose of this study was to determine whether Ganoderma lucidum polysaccha.ride peptide(GLPP) has therapeutic effect on NAFLD.METHODS ob/ob mouse model and ApoC3 transgenic mouse model were used for exploring the effect of GLPP on NAFLD.Key metabolic path.ways and enzymes were identified by metabolomics combining with KEGG and PIUmet analyses and key enzymes were detected by Western blotting.Hepatosteatosis models of HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes were used to further confirm the therapeutic effect of GLPP on NAFLD.RESULTS GLPP administrated for a month alleviated hepatosteatosis,dyslipidemia,liver dysfunction and liver insulin resistance.Pathways of glycerophospholipid metabolism,fatty acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis were involved in the therapeutic effect of GLPP on NAFLD.Detection of key enzymes revealed that GLPP reversed low expression of CYP7 A1,CYP8 B1,FXR,SHP and high expression of FGFR4 in ob/ob mice and ApoC3 mice.Besides,GLPP inhibited fatty acid synthesis by reducing the expression of SREBP1 c,FAS and ACC via a FXR-SHP dependent mechanism.Additionally,GLPP reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets and the content of TG in HepG2 cells and primary hepato.cytes induced by oleic acid and palmitic acid.CONCLUSION GLPP significantly improves NAFLD via regulating bile acid synthesis dependent on FXR-SHP/FGF pathway,which finally inhibits fatty acid synthesis,indicating that GLPP might be developed as a therapeutic drug for NAFLD.展开更多
Objective: The objective is to investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) on the oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in cardiomyocytes. Methods: SD rats were divided into control group...Objective: The objective is to investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) on the oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in cardiomyocytes. Methods: SD rats were divided into control group, DOX group, GLPS low dose and high dose + DOX group. SOD and MDA levels in myocardial tissue were detected in each group. The expression of related proteins in each group was detected by Western blot. Results: GLPS can increase the SOD level and decrease MDA caused by DOX (p Conclusion: Ganoderma polysaccharide can improve the oxidative stress injury of myocardial tissue induced by doxorubicin and play a protective role in myocardial tissue.展开更多
基金Supported by the Project of"Striving to Be First-classImproving Weak LinksBuilding Strong Feature"in 2019–Tropical and South China Sea Biological Resources Comprehensive Utilization Program(000301900410)。
文摘[Objectives]To explore the extraction and in vitro antioxidant effects of astragalus polysaccharides(APS)and Ganoderma lucidum mycelia polysaccharides(GLMPS).[Methods]By studying the polysaccharides of the herbal medicinal material Astragalus membranaceus and the fungal medicinal material Ganoderma lucidum mycelia,two polysaccharides were mixed according to different proportions and concentrations by using the principle of traditional Chinese medicine compound combination.The effect of polysaccharides on the scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical system was determined by salicylic acid method.[Results]When the compound ratios of GLMPS and APS were 1∶1,1∶4,1∶5,4∶1,and 5∶1,the scavenging effect of compound polysaccharides was better than that of single-component polysaccharides,and with the increase of concentration,the scavenging effect increased.When the ratio of GLMPS and APS was 5∶1,the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of the compound polysaccharide reached 59.77%,which was 18.72%higher than that of single GLMPS and 28.58%higher than that of single APS.The scavenging effect of compound polysaccharide is closely related to the compound ratio and concentration.[Conclusions]APS and GLMPS can obtain better hydroxyl radical scavenging ability than single-component polysaccharides through compounding in appropriate proportions.In addition,within a suitable concentration range,as the concentration increases,the scavenging ability also increases.
基金Supported by the New Variety Breeding Project of Science Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(2021C02073)Agriculture,Rural Areas and Farmers and Nine-Party Project of Zhejiang Province(2022SNJF047)。
文摘[Objectives]To determine physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLP)in different growth stages and culture media.[Methods]Five polysaccharides(GLP1,GLP2,GLP3,GLPW and GLPB)were extracted and purified from the fruiting body of G.lucidum at three growth stages and culture substrates(wood culture and bag culture).The chemical components and antioxidant activity of the five polysaccharides were determined.[Results]GLP1 contained the highest content of neutral sugar(87.65%)and GLP3 had the highest uronic acid content.All the samples mainly comprised glucose,galactose,mannose,xylose and arabose with different ratios.Moreover,their antioxidant activities were investigated on the basis of DPPH radical,ABTS radical,SOD-like activity,and antihaemolytic activity.Results indicated in all three growth stages GLP2 had the greatest antioxidant properties.In addition,the antioxidant activity of GLPW was significantly higher than that of GLPB.[Conclusions]Overall,by comparison,G.lucidum in growth stage two may have potential health benefits,and wood culture may be a superior choice of artificial cultivation due to their abundance of active polysaccharides.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China the Fund of Chinese National Educational Commissionhad been accepted by the International Symposium on New Drug Research and Development.October,1991.Beijing.
文摘Objective:To examine the level of expression of anti skin aging gene of Ganoderma lucidum polysacchayides and clarify its mechanism with anti aging of this ancient Chinese medicine.Methods:HacaT cell of keratinocytes lines were cultured and treated with the polysaccharides.The total RNA was extracted with Trizol reagent and cDNA was synthesized by reverse thanscription.The obtained cDNAs were then fluorescently labeled with cy3 and cy5 respectively and hybridized with gene expressing pedigree cDNA chip.The images were scanned and analyzed with special software.The scan data were analyzed with software and checked by real time PCR.Results:Among total 18 346 human genes,the expression of 103 ones was up-regulated and 378 ones down-regulated.It was demonstrated evidently that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides affected the expression of genes of anti skin aging.Two ways are anastomotic.Conclusion:it is concluded by analysis of function of these up-regulation and down-regulation genes that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides may play an important role in boosting cell growth and against skin aging.It shows that the results of gene array reliable by real time PCR.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0400204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81974503,81871095)the Key International S&T Cooperation Program of China(2016YFE113700)。
文摘Previous study have demonstrated that a compound composed of water-soluable Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLP)and Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharides(PUP)in a ratio of 3:1 named GPP enhances innate immune function in mice through enhancing the function of macrophage cells and activity of natural killer(NK)cells.Here in our research,we further investigated the effect of GPP on the diversity and composition of intestinal flora,and explored its effect on colitis model mice.The immunoregulatory verification experiments of GPP were conducted in both normal and DSS-induced mice model.Our research showed that GPP increased the diversity of intestinal microorganisms in mice with the extension of administration time.Daily GPP intake attenuated DSS-induced colon injury,protected the splenic lymphocyte proliferation ability,enhanced the serum hemolysin synthesis,and increased peripheral phagocytes and NK cell activity in model mice.Comparisons of the predominant gene pathways of the bacterial microbiota showed that DNA repair and recombination,base mismatch repair pathways was stronger in GPP-treatment group than in control group,indicating the possible molecular mechanisms of immune function regulation.Our study showed that GPP regulated immune function in both health and colitis model,and had a positive effect on maintaining intestinal flora homeostasis.
基金supported by Jiangsu Alphay Biological Technology Co.Ltd
文摘In the present work,an enzyme assisted extraction method is used to isolate crude polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. The isolating effect was optimized with orthographic graph statistic method with three levels and four independent variables. Complex enzyme,extraction temperature,extraction time and extraction pH were combined to obtain the best possible combination to get maximum amount of extract and crude polysaccharides yield. The optimum extraction conditions were:complex enzyme amount of 3 %(w/v),extraction temperature at 45 ℃,extraction time of 3 h and extraction pH at 7. Under these conditions,the experimental amount of extract is 8.9 % and the yield of crude polysaccharides is 1.1 %,which are in close agreement with the value predicted by the model.
文摘In recent years,studies have shown that there is a correlation between sleep disorders and cancer,but at the present stage,the research on sleep disorders and tumor related animal models is relatively insufficient.Our research will focus on mice bearing B16F10-luc-G5 melanoma tumor with sleep fragmentation,detecting promoting effect of sleep fragmentation(SF)on the metastasis of melanoma.At the same time,we used Ganoderma lucidum poly⁃saccharides peptide(GL-pp,80 mg·kg-1),a component of traditional Chinese medicine Ganoderma lucidum,which has long enjoyed a good reputation at home and abroad,to observe its anti-tumor metastasis effects on B16F10-luc-G5 mice with SF.Then we used whole proteomics to analyze the difference proteins expressed in lung tissue and compared between groups,includes mice bearing B16F10-luc-G5,mice bearing B16F10-luc-G5 with SF and GL-pp administered mice bearing B16F10-luc-G5 with SF.With the analysis using bioinformatics,we found several key proteins,their genes name are Adcy9,ptk2,Yap1 and Lpin2,Per1 and Tim.And several important clusters,they are,immune system,platelet aggres⁃sion,energy metabolism,cell cytoskeleton,cell adhesion and circadian rhythms.Moreover,we detected the TLR4 signal pathway and macrophage differentiation to reconfirm the results of proteomics and trying to elucidate the mechanism of SF on tumor growth and metastasis and the effects of GL-pp.
基金supported financially by Jiangsu Alphay Biological Technology Co.Ltd
文摘Polysaccharides are the most important pharmacologically active constituents of Ganoderma lucidum. In this work, polysaccharides were extracted from Ganoderma lucidum with boiling water method and enzyme assisted method. The human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 was used to compare the an- titumor effect of the two kinds of extraction with 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Both of these two kinds of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reduced cell viability of cancer cell HepG2 in a dose and time-dependent manner. At low concentrations, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of L 1 and L2; while at concentrations over 0.8 ug/mL, the difference in the effectiveness of L2 in comparison to L1 became significant. At the concentrations of 3.2 ug/mL, the cancer cells were almost killed in 2 d.
文摘A water soluble, (1 -->6)-branched, (1 -->4) linked D-glucan (LB-B1), [alpha](D)(21) = +174.2 degrees (c 0.87, H2O), was obtained from a hot-water extract of the sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidun (Fr.) Karst by HPSEC, with 0.001 mol/L sodium hydroxide as the eluant, the molecular weight (Mw) of LB-B1 was estimated to be 9.3 x 10(3). From the results of total hydrolysis, methylation analysis, acetolysis and 1D, 2D-NMR experimentation, it was concluded that LB-B1 was composed of repeating units with the following structure: alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->6)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->6)-alpha -D-Glc(p) 1 down arrow 6 (-->4)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->4)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->4)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->4)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->4-)-alpha -D-Glc(p)-(1 -->)(n)
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81330074,81261160507,81170632,81370783,41376166)the 111Project,and International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China 2012DFA11070
文摘OBJECTIVE Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides(GLPP)have an anti-oxidant activity.The oxidative stress implicates in the pathogenesis of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(RIRI).The objective of this study was to determine whether GLPP could attenuate RIRI via counteracting the oxidative stress.METHODS Mice subjected to uninephrectomy with the right kidney ischemia for 35 min and reperfusion for 24 hwere used to explore the protective activity of GLPP against RIRI.In GLPP-treated group,100mg·kg-1·d-1 of GLPP were intraperitoneally injected for 7dbefore the procedure.In vitro,NRK-52 Ecells subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation(H/R)and tunicamycin were used to explore the protective effect of GLPP against oxidative stress.The mechanisms in which GLPP protected kidney from RIRI were studied using a series of physiological and molecular biological methods.RESULTS Kidneys undergone ischemia-reperfusion showed renal dysfunction and characteristic morphological changes including cellular necrosis,brush border loss,cast formation,vacuolization and tubular dilatation while these damages were significantly attenuated by GLPP treatment.The abnormal levels of MPO,MDA and SOD caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion were significantly reversed by GLPP treatment.More apoptotic cells were found in the renal ischemia-reperfusion group than the sham group whereas GLPP reduced apoptotic cells in the ischemia-reperfusion mice by21.75%(P<0.01).The GLPPs(25-1μg·mL)alleviated H/R induced cell viability loss by 20.12%(P<0.01)andΔφm dissipation by 27.3%(P<0.01)in vitro as well and its pretreatment dramatically reduced H/R and tunicamycin induced cell injury.CONCLUSION Our study found that GLPP had a protective effect on RIRI via its anti-oxidative capacity,which suggests that GLPP may be developed as a candidate drug for preventing acute kidney injury.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20076011, No. 20236040 and No. 20225619).
文摘By investigating the shear effect on submerged cultivation of a traditional Chinese medicinal herb Ganoderma lucidum, a relatively high cell concentration of 13.8 g·L-1 by dry mass was obtained in bioreactor at an impeller tip speed (ITS) of 0.51m·s-1. At an ITS of 0.51,1.02 and 1.53m·s-1, a maximal production titer of intracellular polysaccharide was 2.64, 2.20 and 2.28g·L-1 and that of ganoderic acid was 306, 299 and 273g·L-1, respectively. Under these ITSs, the maximal mean projected area of dispersed hyphae was 3.70, 2.54 and 2.13×104μm2, and that of pellets was 0.91, 0.67 and 0.55mm2, respectively. The information obtained is useful for efficient submerged cultivation of mushrooms on a large scale.
文摘[Objectives] The research aimed to study the impact on extraction effect of polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum( lingzhi) by different pretreatment methods. [Methods] The impacts on extraction of G. lucidum polysaccharide by soaking,microwave and air flow fine pulverization were contrasted,and the extraction effect of G. lucidum polysaccharide by combining the optimal pretreatment manner with hot water extraction,alcohol extraction,alkali extraction,ultrasonic binding enzyme extraction,and microwave extraction was compared. Finally,the property of G. lucidum polysaccharide obtained after air flow fine pulverization pretreatment was detected and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. [Results] The optimal pretreatment method was air flow fine pulverization. Compared with traditional method-direct extraction( coarse grinding combining hot water extraction),crude yield changed little,while polysaccharide content and yield were improved by 114% and 104%. The best combination manner was air flow fine pulverization pretreatment combining with alkali extraction. Compared with traditional method,crude yield,polysaccharide content and yield were improved by 76%,78% and 215% respectively. The property of G. lucidum polysaccharide obtained after air flow fine pulverization pretreatment was detected and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. It was found that the treatment method had little impact on the property of G. lucidum polysaccharide. [Conclusions]Air flow fine pulverization pretreatment could greatly improve extraction effect of G. lucidum polysaccharide,which mainly improved the content and yield of G. lucidum polysaccharide,and extraction was more complete,with less impact on the property of the extracted polysaccharide. It was speculated that air flow fine pulverization pretreatment mainly destroyed mechanical support wall membrane structure of G. lucidum fine powder,making that intracellular functional substances completely dissolved out of the cell,and the content would be studied in follow-up experiment.
基金Supported by the "12th Five-year Plan" National Science and Technology(2011BAD34B01)
文摘The immune regulatory and antioxidant roles of Ganoderma lucidum were investigated using cyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice. Mice were randomly divided into groups: untreated(groupⅠ), immunosuppressed(groupⅡ), unfermented G. lucidum polysaccharide(groupⅢ) and fermented G. lucidum polysaccharide(group Ⅳ). After seven consecutive days of treatments, the serum concentration of IL-4, IFN-gamma, IgG, IgA and IgM and the liver activity of GSH-Px, SOD, CAT and MDA enzymes were analyzed. The contents of IL-4, IFN-γ in serum and GSH-Px, SOD and CAT in liver tissues were significantly reduced in groupⅡ compared with those in group I, indicating successful CTX-induced immunosuppression. Interestingly, the results showed that the above immune and antioxidant indicators were significantly improved after G. lucidum polysaccharide treatment, regardless of fermentation. However, fermentation caused changes in polysaccharide structure, which might have a significant impact on immune regulation and antioxidant functions in immunosuppressed mice.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(8133007481620108029+1 种基金81261160507)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7172113)
文摘OBJECTIVE Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide(GLPP)is a group of extract from Ganoderma lucidum with a molecular mass of approximately 5×10^5,which ratio of polysaccharide to peptide is approximately 95%/5%.The purpose of this study was to determine whether GLPP has therapeutic effect on Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Ob/ob mouse model and ApoC3 transgenic mouse model were used for exploring the effect of GLPP on NAFLD.Key metabolic pathways and enzymes were identified by metabolomics combining with KEGG and PIUmet analyses and key enzymes were detected by Western blotting.Hepatosteatosis models of HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes were used to further confirm the therapeutic effect of GLPP on NAFLD.RESULTS GLPP administrated for a month alleviated hepatosteatosis,dyslipidemia,liver dysfunction and liver insulin resistance.Pathways of glycerophos⁃pholipid metabolism,fatty acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis were involved in the therapeutic effect of GLPP on NAFLD.Detection of key enzymes revealed that GLPP reversed low expression of CYP7A1,CYP8B1,FXR,SHP and high expression of FGFR4 in ob/ob mice and ApoC3 mice.Besides,GLPP inhibited fatty acid synthesis by reducing the expression of SREBP1c,FAS and ACC via a FXR-SHP dependent mechanism.Additionally,GLPP reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets and the content of TG in HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes induced by oleic acid and palmitic acid.CONCLUSION GLPP significantly improves NAFLD via regulating bile acid synthesis dependent on FXR-SHP/FGF pathway,which finally inhibits fatty acid synthesis,indicating that GLPP might be developed as a ther⁃apeutic drug for NAFLD.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(8133007481620108029+1 种基金81261160507) Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7172113)
文摘OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) encompasses a series of patho.logic changes ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis,which may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocel.lular carcinoma.The purpose of this study was to determine whether Ganoderma lucidum polysaccha.ride peptide(GLPP) has therapeutic effect on NAFLD.METHODS ob/ob mouse model and ApoC3 transgenic mouse model were used for exploring the effect of GLPP on NAFLD.Key metabolic path.ways and enzymes were identified by metabolomics combining with KEGG and PIUmet analyses and key enzymes were detected by Western blotting.Hepatosteatosis models of HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes were used to further confirm the therapeutic effect of GLPP on NAFLD.RESULTS GLPP administrated for a month alleviated hepatosteatosis,dyslipidemia,liver dysfunction and liver insulin resistance.Pathways of glycerophospholipid metabolism,fatty acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis were involved in the therapeutic effect of GLPP on NAFLD.Detection of key enzymes revealed that GLPP reversed low expression of CYP7 A1,CYP8 B1,FXR,SHP and high expression of FGFR4 in ob/ob mice and ApoC3 mice.Besides,GLPP inhibited fatty acid synthesis by reducing the expression of SREBP1 c,FAS and ACC via a FXR-SHP dependent mechanism.Additionally,GLPP reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets and the content of TG in HepG2 cells and primary hepato.cytes induced by oleic acid and palmitic acid.CONCLUSION GLPP significantly improves NAFLD via regulating bile acid synthesis dependent on FXR-SHP/FGF pathway,which finally inhibits fatty acid synthesis,indicating that GLPP might be developed as a therapeutic drug for NAFLD.
文摘Objective: The objective is to investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) on the oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in cardiomyocytes. Methods: SD rats were divided into control group, DOX group, GLPS low dose and high dose + DOX group. SOD and MDA levels in myocardial tissue were detected in each group. The expression of related proteins in each group was detected by Western blot. Results: GLPS can increase the SOD level and decrease MDA caused by DOX (p Conclusion: Ganoderma polysaccharide can improve the oxidative stress injury of myocardial tissue induced by doxorubicin and play a protective role in myocardial tissue.