This paper focused on Japan who was as a new colonial government in Taiwan under Japanese rule,during the period of which took official buildings or urban planning mainly of a series of Western European-style architec...This paper focused on Japan who was as a new colonial government in Taiwan under Japanese rule,during the period of which took official buildings or urban planning mainly of a series of Western European-style architecture as a ruler’s cultural identity and a modern Taiwan policy.However,in the context of East Asian modernity,the basic colonial not only mixed Eurocentric,but also included Japan Center and the interaction between the two.Therefore,the scope of research and discussion shall have regarded to the non-Western,non-white nature of the Japanese Empire,and its colonial/modernity construction is another new model.Taiwan Governor-General’s Residence as the Governor-General’s residence for Japanese government combined administrative office,daily living,and social life,showing a symbol of Japan’s colonial ruling class,and a hostel to greet Japanese royal family and the nobility from time to time.As a mansion of both Western Baroque and Japanese style,its architectural design has class meaning,therefore it featured with a class-separation building,also combined the leisure of Western high society.The associated festivals at that time included tea party,fairs and royal family welcoming pilgrimage,the part of which with a strong political implication.This paper mainly uses the images of the Taiwan Governor-General’s Residence during the Japanese rule period and the literature at that time to restore the mixed taste and Japanese-Western style of Taiwan at that time.The Japanese colonists ruled the complex interactions of different ethnic groups in Taiwan.展开更多
The availability of ultrasound (US) devices has refined techniques for vascular access. The resident trainee’s ability to learn US techniques depends upon device availability, skills, and motivation of instructors. W...The availability of ultrasound (US) devices has refined techniques for vascular access. The resident trainee’s ability to learn US techniques depends upon device availability, skills, and motivation of instructors. We hypothesized that hands-on teaching program of US techniques for vascular access would have a positive impact on the trainee’s perceptions. After IRB approval, PGY3 anesthesiology residents with limited prior experience in US-guided vascular access underwent close supervision by attending staff as they performed US-guided Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) central line placements. A total of 66 land mark (LM) and 75 US-guided IJV cannulation performed by 19 residents were supervised. Residents completing the study were more proactive with 68.4% agreeing to use US based techniques for an anticipated difficulty in accessing central lines. The graduating residents involved in the study all strongly agreed that US imaging for vascular access was within the scope of practice of all anesthesiologists, and that training guidelines be established and incorporated in their practice. Fifty eight percent of residents stated that their confidence and skill levels had significantly improved. Teaching US-guided techniques resulted in an increase employment of such techniques by graduating residents with no impediment attributed to knowledge deficits or inexperience. Residents were more proactive with using US for anticipated difficulty in IJV placement. A short neck, poor landmark, anticoagulation, morbid obesity favored US use by residents. Systematic teaching of US techniques is justified as it significantly improves the resident’s perceptions and confidence.展开更多
This article refers to the commercial application assessment of the novel S-RHT catalysts.The application outcome has shown that the catalysts loading was reduced with its performance kept at the original level at the...This article refers to the commercial application assessment of the novel S-RHT catalysts.The application outcome has shown that the catalysts loading was reduced with its performance kept at the original level at the initial and middle stages of operation. The performance of catalysts at the end of operation was analyzed, and factors affecting the performance of the novel catalysts at the end of run were identified to facilitate further improvement of the said catalysts.展开更多
THE Palace Lantern,as its name indicates,originated in the imperial palace.It was widely loved by the populace after relocation from the confines of the emperor’s residence and made accessible to the public.
Red tourism, which is featured with spiritual culture, resource fusion and historical socialization, is a remarkable innovation with Chinese characteristics. It is the shinning point of China’s tourism business devel...Red tourism, which is featured with spiritual culture, resource fusion and historical socialization, is a remarkable innovation with Chinese characteristics. It is the shinning point of China’s tourism business development. This paper will show the objective and correct evaluation of red tourism resource. Firstly, it will create evaluation index system by theoretical analysis method and expert consultation method. Secondly, it will evaluate each object synthetically by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process. Finally, through case study of General Zhang Aiping’s, Former Residence in Dazhou, Sichuan Province, conclusion and related suggestion will be achieved.展开更多
Aim: In this study we used the Nelson’s Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST) to find the differences between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) group/Vascular dementia (VD) group and a normal control group (non-dementia and non-...Aim: In this study we used the Nelson’s Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST) to find the differences between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) group/Vascular dementia (VD) group and a normal control group (non-dementia and non-AD), and to identify the commonality between the MCST and dementia patients. Patients and Methods: The MCST was administered to 32 AD patients, 18 vascular dementia patients, and 38 controls. The relationship between the MCST performance and demographic characteristics was evaluated. Results: There were no statistical differences in age, sex, level of education, smoking, drinking and depression in the three groups. The MCST was classified into four groups for analysis—number of categories completed (Cat), preservative error score (PE), non-preservative error score (NPE), unique error (UE) and total error (TE). For Cat, UE and TE showed a significant difference in all three groups, whereas PE and NPE revealed no significant difference. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cognitive function appears to significantly impair MCST performances in AD and VD patients, so these should be taken into consideration during an interpretation of the clinical assessment. For the effective use of the MCST in a clinical setting, further studies of specific clinical populations are planned to develop normative data for elderly Taiwan Residents people.展开更多
The aim of the present study was to assess spatial features of tuberculosis prevalence and their relationships with four main ethnic communities in Taiwan. Methods of spatial analysis were clustering pattern determina...The aim of the present study was to assess spatial features of tuberculosis prevalence and their relationships with four main ethnic communities in Taiwan. Methods of spatial analysis were clustering pattern determination (such as global version of Moran’s test and local version of Gi*(d) statistic), using logistic regression calculations to identify spatial distributions over a contiguous five years and identify significant similarities, discriminant analysis to classify variables, and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to determine the strength of relationships between tuberculosis prevalence and ethnic variables in spatial features. Tuberculosis demonstrated decreasing trends in prevalence in both genders during 2005 to 2009. All results of the global Moran’s tests indicated spatial heterogeneity and clusters in the plain and mountainous Aboriginal townships. The Gi*(d) statistic calculated z-score outcomes, categorized as clusters or non-clusters, at at 5% significance level. According to the stepwise Wilks’ lambda discriminant analysis, in the Aborigines and Hoklo communities townships with clusters of tuberculosis cases differentiated from townships without cluster cases, to a greater extent than in the other communities. In the GWR models, the explanatory variables demonstrated significant and positive signs of parameter estimates in clusters occurring in plain and mountainous aboriginal townships. The explanatory variables of both the Hoklo and Hakka communities demonstrated significant, but negative, signs of parameter estimates. The Mainlander community did not significantly associate with cluster patterns of tuberculosis in Taiwan. Results indicated that locations of high tuberculosis prevalence closely related to areas containing higher proportions of the Aboriginal community in Taiwan. This information is relevant for assessment of spatial risk factors, which, in turn, can facilitate the planning of the most advantageous types of health care policies, and implementation of effective health care services.展开更多
Recombinant interleukin-33(IL-33)inhibits tumor growth,but the detailed immunological mechanism is still unknown.IL-33-mediated tumor suppression did not occur in Batf3^(−/−)mice,indicating that conventional type 1 de...Recombinant interleukin-33(IL-33)inhibits tumor growth,but the detailed immunological mechanism is still unknown.IL-33-mediated tumor suppression did not occur in Batf3^(−/−)mice,indicating that conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)play a key role in IL-33-mediated antitumor immunity.A population of CD103^(+)cDC1s,which were barely detectable in the spleens of normal mice,increased significantly in the spleens of IL-33-treated mice.The newly emerged splenic CD103^(+)cDC1s were distinct from conventional splenic cDC1s based on their spleen residency,robust effector T-cell priming ability,and surface expression of FCGR3.DCs and DC precursors did not express Suppressor of Tumorigenicity 2(ST2).However,recombinant IL-33 induced spleen-resident FCGR3^(+)CD103^(+)cDC1s,which were found to be differentiated from DC precursors by bystander ST2+immune cells.Through immune cell fractionation and depletion assays,we found that IL-33-primed ST2^(+)basophils play a crucial role in the development of FCGR3^(+)CD103^(+)cDC1s by secreting IL-33-driven extrinsic factors.Recombinant GM-CSF also induced the population of CD103^(+)cDC1s,but the population neither expressed FCGR3 nor induced any discernable antitumor immunity.The population of FCGR3^(+)CD103^(+)cDC1s was also generated in vitro culture of Flt3L-mediated bone marrow-derived DCs(FL-BMDCs)when IL-33 was added in a pre-DC stage of culture.FL-BMDCs generated in the presence of IL-33(FL-33-DCs)offered more potent tumor immunotherapy than control Flt3L-BMDCs(FL-DCs).Human monocyte-derived DCs were also more immunogenic when exposed to IL-33-induced factors.Our findings suggest that recombinant IL-33 or an IL-33-mediated DC vaccine could be an attractive protocol for better tumor immunotherapy.展开更多
文摘This paper focused on Japan who was as a new colonial government in Taiwan under Japanese rule,during the period of which took official buildings or urban planning mainly of a series of Western European-style architecture as a ruler’s cultural identity and a modern Taiwan policy.However,in the context of East Asian modernity,the basic colonial not only mixed Eurocentric,but also included Japan Center and the interaction between the two.Therefore,the scope of research and discussion shall have regarded to the non-Western,non-white nature of the Japanese Empire,and its colonial/modernity construction is another new model.Taiwan Governor-General’s Residence as the Governor-General’s residence for Japanese government combined administrative office,daily living,and social life,showing a symbol of Japan’s colonial ruling class,and a hostel to greet Japanese royal family and the nobility from time to time.As a mansion of both Western Baroque and Japanese style,its architectural design has class meaning,therefore it featured with a class-separation building,also combined the leisure of Western high society.The associated festivals at that time included tea party,fairs and royal family welcoming pilgrimage,the part of which with a strong political implication.This paper mainly uses the images of the Taiwan Governor-General’s Residence during the Japanese rule period and the literature at that time to restore the mixed taste and Japanese-Western style of Taiwan at that time.The Japanese colonists ruled the complex interactions of different ethnic groups in Taiwan.
文摘The availability of ultrasound (US) devices has refined techniques for vascular access. The resident trainee’s ability to learn US techniques depends upon device availability, skills, and motivation of instructors. We hypothesized that hands-on teaching program of US techniques for vascular access would have a positive impact on the trainee’s perceptions. After IRB approval, PGY3 anesthesiology residents with limited prior experience in US-guided vascular access underwent close supervision by attending staff as they performed US-guided Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) central line placements. A total of 66 land mark (LM) and 75 US-guided IJV cannulation performed by 19 residents were supervised. Residents completing the study were more proactive with 68.4% agreeing to use US based techniques for an anticipated difficulty in accessing central lines. The graduating residents involved in the study all strongly agreed that US imaging for vascular access was within the scope of practice of all anesthesiologists, and that training guidelines be established and incorporated in their practice. Fifty eight percent of residents stated that their confidence and skill levels had significantly improved. Teaching US-guided techniques resulted in an increase employment of such techniques by graduating residents with no impediment attributed to knowledge deficits or inexperience. Residents were more proactive with using US for anticipated difficulty in IJV placement. A short neck, poor landmark, anticoagulation, morbid obesity favored US use by residents. Systematic teaching of US techniques is justified as it significantly improves the resident’s perceptions and confidence.
文摘This article refers to the commercial application assessment of the novel S-RHT catalysts.The application outcome has shown that the catalysts loading was reduced with its performance kept at the original level at the initial and middle stages of operation. The performance of catalysts at the end of operation was analyzed, and factors affecting the performance of the novel catalysts at the end of run were identified to facilitate further improvement of the said catalysts.
文摘THE Palace Lantern,as its name indicates,originated in the imperial palace.It was widely loved by the populace after relocation from the confines of the emperor’s residence and made accessible to the public.
文摘Red tourism, which is featured with spiritual culture, resource fusion and historical socialization, is a remarkable innovation with Chinese characteristics. It is the shinning point of China’s tourism business development. This paper will show the objective and correct evaluation of red tourism resource. Firstly, it will create evaluation index system by theoretical analysis method and expert consultation method. Secondly, it will evaluate each object synthetically by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process. Finally, through case study of General Zhang Aiping’s, Former Residence in Dazhou, Sichuan Province, conclusion and related suggestion will be achieved.
文摘Aim: In this study we used the Nelson’s Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST) to find the differences between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) group/Vascular dementia (VD) group and a normal control group (non-dementia and non-AD), and to identify the commonality between the MCST and dementia patients. Patients and Methods: The MCST was administered to 32 AD patients, 18 vascular dementia patients, and 38 controls. The relationship between the MCST performance and demographic characteristics was evaluated. Results: There were no statistical differences in age, sex, level of education, smoking, drinking and depression in the three groups. The MCST was classified into four groups for analysis—number of categories completed (Cat), preservative error score (PE), non-preservative error score (NPE), unique error (UE) and total error (TE). For Cat, UE and TE showed a significant difference in all three groups, whereas PE and NPE revealed no significant difference. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cognitive function appears to significantly impair MCST performances in AD and VD patients, so these should be taken into consideration during an interpretation of the clinical assessment. For the effective use of the MCST in a clinical setting, further studies of specific clinical populations are planned to develop normative data for elderly Taiwan Residents people.
文摘The aim of the present study was to assess spatial features of tuberculosis prevalence and their relationships with four main ethnic communities in Taiwan. Methods of spatial analysis were clustering pattern determination (such as global version of Moran’s test and local version of Gi*(d) statistic), using logistic regression calculations to identify spatial distributions over a contiguous five years and identify significant similarities, discriminant analysis to classify variables, and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to determine the strength of relationships between tuberculosis prevalence and ethnic variables in spatial features. Tuberculosis demonstrated decreasing trends in prevalence in both genders during 2005 to 2009. All results of the global Moran’s tests indicated spatial heterogeneity and clusters in the plain and mountainous Aboriginal townships. The Gi*(d) statistic calculated z-score outcomes, categorized as clusters or non-clusters, at at 5% significance level. According to the stepwise Wilks’ lambda discriminant analysis, in the Aborigines and Hoklo communities townships with clusters of tuberculosis cases differentiated from townships without cluster cases, to a greater extent than in the other communities. In the GWR models, the explanatory variables demonstrated significant and positive signs of parameter estimates in clusters occurring in plain and mountainous aboriginal townships. The explanatory variables of both the Hoklo and Hakka communities demonstrated significant, but negative, signs of parameter estimates. The Mainlander community did not significantly associate with cluster patterns of tuberculosis in Taiwan. Results indicated that locations of high tuberculosis prevalence closely related to areas containing higher proportions of the Aboriginal community in Taiwan. This information is relevant for assessment of spatial risk factors, which, in turn, can facilitate the planning of the most advantageous types of health care policies, and implementation of effective health care services.
基金the National Research Foundation of Korea(SRC-2017R1A5A1014560). This work was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea(SRC-2017R1A5A1014560)。
文摘Recombinant interleukin-33(IL-33)inhibits tumor growth,but the detailed immunological mechanism is still unknown.IL-33-mediated tumor suppression did not occur in Batf3^(−/−)mice,indicating that conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)play a key role in IL-33-mediated antitumor immunity.A population of CD103^(+)cDC1s,which were barely detectable in the spleens of normal mice,increased significantly in the spleens of IL-33-treated mice.The newly emerged splenic CD103^(+)cDC1s were distinct from conventional splenic cDC1s based on their spleen residency,robust effector T-cell priming ability,and surface expression of FCGR3.DCs and DC precursors did not express Suppressor of Tumorigenicity 2(ST2).However,recombinant IL-33 induced spleen-resident FCGR3^(+)CD103^(+)cDC1s,which were found to be differentiated from DC precursors by bystander ST2+immune cells.Through immune cell fractionation and depletion assays,we found that IL-33-primed ST2^(+)basophils play a crucial role in the development of FCGR3^(+)CD103^(+)cDC1s by secreting IL-33-driven extrinsic factors.Recombinant GM-CSF also induced the population of CD103^(+)cDC1s,but the population neither expressed FCGR3 nor induced any discernable antitumor immunity.The population of FCGR3^(+)CD103^(+)cDC1s was also generated in vitro culture of Flt3L-mediated bone marrow-derived DCs(FL-BMDCs)when IL-33 was added in a pre-DC stage of culture.FL-BMDCs generated in the presence of IL-33(FL-33-DCs)offered more potent tumor immunotherapy than control Flt3L-BMDCs(FL-DCs).Human monocyte-derived DCs were also more immunogenic when exposed to IL-33-induced factors.Our findings suggest that recombinant IL-33 or an IL-33-mediated DC vaccine could be an attractive protocol for better tumor immunotherapy.
