Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Q...Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Qing-hai spruce(Picea crassifolia),a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments,we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ^(13)C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains,and analysed the relationship between these tree-ring variables and major climatic factors.Tree-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season,and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the southern.Tree-ring δ^(13)C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth.δ^(13)C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing season.Stomatal conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate did.The response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate warmed.Changes in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of P.crassifolia in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.展开更多
Land surface temperature(LST) directly affects the energy balance of terrestrial surface systems and impacts regional resources, ecosystem evolution, and ecosystem structures. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is locat...Land surface temperature(LST) directly affects the energy balance of terrestrial surface systems and impacts regional resources, ecosystem evolution, and ecosystem structures. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is located at the arid Northwest China and is extremely sensitive to climate change. There is an urgent need to understand the distribution patterns of LST in this area and quantitatively measure the nature and intensity of the impacts of the major driving factors from a spatial perspective, as well as elucidate the formation mechanisms. In this study, we used the MOD11C3 LST product developed on the basis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) to conduct regression analysis and determine the spatiotemporal variation and differentiation pattern of LST in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2020. We analyzed the driving mechanisms of spatial heterogeneity of LST in Xinjiang and the six geomorphic zones(the Altay Mountains, Junggar Basin, Tianshan Mountains, Tarim Basin, Turpan-Hami(Tuha) Basin, and Pakakuna Mountain Group) using geographical detector(Geodetector) and geographically weighted regression(GWR) models. The warming rate of LST in Xinjiang during the study period was 0.24℃/10a, and the spatial distribution pattern of LST had obvious topographic imprints, with 87.20% of the warming zone located in the Gobi desert and areas with frequent human activities, and the cooling zone mainly located in the mountainous areas. The seasonal LST in Xinjiang was at a cooling rate of 0.09℃/10a in autumn, and showed a warming trend in other seasons. Digital elevation model(DEM), latitude, wind speed, precipitation, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI), and sunshine duration in the single-factor and interactive detections were the key factors driving the LST changes. The direction and intensity of each major driving factor on the spatial variations of LST in the study area were heterogeneous. The negative feedback effect of DEM on the spatial differentiation of LST was the strongest. Lower latitudes, lower vegetation coverage, lower levels of precipitation, and longer sunshine duration increased LST. Unused land was the main heat source landscape, water body was the most important heat sink landscape, grassland and forest land were the land use and land cover(LULC) types with the most prominent heat sink effect, and there were significant differences in different geomorphic zones due to the influences of their vegetation types, climatic conditions, soil types, and human activities. The findings will help to facilitate sustainable climate change management, analyze local climate and environmental patterns, and improve land management strategies in Xinjiang and other arid areas.展开更多
土壤碳固定是当前有关陆地生态系统碳循环与全球变化的地球表层过程研究的重要优先领域。国际社会对全球农业温室气体减排的需求,驱动着土壤学对土壤固碳容量与潜力、固碳与减排的过程与机理的前沿探索,并越来越呈现为一个独特的土壤学...土壤碳固定是当前有关陆地生态系统碳循环与全球变化的地球表层过程研究的重要优先领域。国际社会对全球农业温室气体减排的需求,驱动着土壤学对土壤固碳容量与潜力、固碳与减排的过程与机理的前沿探索,并越来越呈现为一个独特的土壤学新兴分支学科——固碳土壤学(Soil Science of C Sequestration)。本文围绕固碳土壤学的基本科学问题,回顾了最近10多年来,特别是最近5年来国内外关于土壤固碳研究的主要进展,讨论了固碳土壤学中的核心科学问题是土壤固碳容量与固碳作用的机理,论述了土壤物理保护、碳化学结合与碳化学转化稳定与固碳容量及稳定化的关系,提出了土壤-植物(作物)-微生物相互作用是当前固碳土壤学的前沿领域和深化方向,并结合国内对水稻土固碳的研究进展,提出了固碳土壤学的概念性框架,认为我国亟待加强固碳土壤学研究,深入探索我国农业经营管理特色下土壤固碳容量、过程、机理,丰富和发展农业土壤碳循环理论,并服务于全球变化生物学和国家碳管理。展开更多
基金supported by Basic Research Operating Expenses of the Central level Non-profit Research Institutes (IDM2022003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (42375054)+2 种基金Regional collaborative innovation project of Xinjiang (2021E01022,2022E01045)Young Meteorological Talent Program of China Meteorological Administration,Tianshan Talent Program of Xinjiang (2022TSYCCX0003)Youth Innovation Team of China Meteorological Administration (CMA2023QN08).
文摘Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Qing-hai spruce(Picea crassifolia),a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments,we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ^(13)C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains,and analysed the relationship between these tree-ring variables and major climatic factors.Tree-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season,and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the southern.Tree-ring δ^(13)C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth.δ^(13)C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing season.Stomatal conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate did.The response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate warmed.Changes in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of P.crassifolia in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.
基金supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(2021xjkk0801).
文摘Land surface temperature(LST) directly affects the energy balance of terrestrial surface systems and impacts regional resources, ecosystem evolution, and ecosystem structures. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is located at the arid Northwest China and is extremely sensitive to climate change. There is an urgent need to understand the distribution patterns of LST in this area and quantitatively measure the nature and intensity of the impacts of the major driving factors from a spatial perspective, as well as elucidate the formation mechanisms. In this study, we used the MOD11C3 LST product developed on the basis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) to conduct regression analysis and determine the spatiotemporal variation and differentiation pattern of LST in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2020. We analyzed the driving mechanisms of spatial heterogeneity of LST in Xinjiang and the six geomorphic zones(the Altay Mountains, Junggar Basin, Tianshan Mountains, Tarim Basin, Turpan-Hami(Tuha) Basin, and Pakakuna Mountain Group) using geographical detector(Geodetector) and geographically weighted regression(GWR) models. The warming rate of LST in Xinjiang during the study period was 0.24℃/10a, and the spatial distribution pattern of LST had obvious topographic imprints, with 87.20% of the warming zone located in the Gobi desert and areas with frequent human activities, and the cooling zone mainly located in the mountainous areas. The seasonal LST in Xinjiang was at a cooling rate of 0.09℃/10a in autumn, and showed a warming trend in other seasons. Digital elevation model(DEM), latitude, wind speed, precipitation, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI), and sunshine duration in the single-factor and interactive detections were the key factors driving the LST changes. The direction and intensity of each major driving factor on the spatial variations of LST in the study area were heterogeneous. The negative feedback effect of DEM on the spatial differentiation of LST was the strongest. Lower latitudes, lower vegetation coverage, lower levels of precipitation, and longer sunshine duration increased LST. Unused land was the main heat source landscape, water body was the most important heat sink landscape, grassland and forest land were the land use and land cover(LULC) types with the most prominent heat sink effect, and there were significant differences in different geomorphic zones due to the influences of their vegetation types, climatic conditions, soil types, and human activities. The findings will help to facilitate sustainable climate change management, analyze local climate and environmental patterns, and improve land management strategies in Xinjiang and other arid areas.
文摘土壤碳固定是当前有关陆地生态系统碳循环与全球变化的地球表层过程研究的重要优先领域。国际社会对全球农业温室气体减排的需求,驱动着土壤学对土壤固碳容量与潜力、固碳与减排的过程与机理的前沿探索,并越来越呈现为一个独特的土壤学新兴分支学科——固碳土壤学(Soil Science of C Sequestration)。本文围绕固碳土壤学的基本科学问题,回顾了最近10多年来,特别是最近5年来国内外关于土壤固碳研究的主要进展,讨论了固碳土壤学中的核心科学问题是土壤固碳容量与固碳作用的机理,论述了土壤物理保护、碳化学结合与碳化学转化稳定与固碳容量及稳定化的关系,提出了土壤-植物(作物)-微生物相互作用是当前固碳土壤学的前沿领域和深化方向,并结合国内对水稻土固碳的研究进展,提出了固碳土壤学的概念性框架,认为我国亟待加强固碳土壤学研究,深入探索我国农业经营管理特色下土壤固碳容量、过程、机理,丰富和发展农业土壤碳循环理论,并服务于全球变化生物学和国家碳管理。
