Energy Minimization for Heterogenous Traffic Coexistence with Puncturing in Mobile Edge Computing-Based Industrial Internet of Things

Puncturing has been recognized as a promising technology to cope with the coexistence problem of enhanced mobile broadband(eMBB) and ultra-reliable low latency communications(URLLC)traffic. However, the steady performance of eMBB traffic while meeting the requirements of URLLC traffic with puncturing is a major challenge in some realistic scenarios. In this paper, we pay attention to the timely and energy-efficient processing for eMBB traffic in the industrial Internet of Things(IIoT), where mobile edge computing(MEC) is employed for data processing. Specifically, the performance of eMBB traffic and URLLC traffic in a MEC-based IIoT system is ensured by setting the threshold of tolerable delay and outage probability, respectively. Furthermore,considering the limited energy supply, an energy minimization problem of eMBB device is formulated under the above constraints, by jointly optimizing the resource blocks(RBs) punctured by URLLC traffic, data offloading and transmit power of eMBB device. With Markov's inequality, the problem is reformulated by transforming the probabilistic outage constraint into a deterministic constraint. Meanwhile, an iterative energy minimization algorithm(IEMA) is proposed.Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm has a significant reduction in the energy consumption for eMBB device and achieves a better overall effect compared to several benchmarks.

Synchronization coexistence in a Rulkov neural network based on locally active discrete memristor

At present, many neuron models have been proposed, which can be divided into discrete neuron models and continuous neuron models. Discrete neuron models have the advantage of faster simulation speed and the ease of understanding complex dynamic phenomena. Due to the properties of memorability, nonvolatility, and local activity, locally active discrete memristors(LADMs) are also suitable for simulating synapses. In this paper, we use an LADM to mimic synapses and establish a Rulkov neural network model. It is found that the change of coupling strength and the initial state of the LADM leads to multiple firing patterns of the neural network. In addition, considering the influence of neural network parameters and the initial state of the LADM, numerical analysis methods such as phase diagram and timing diagram are used to study the phase synchronization. As the system parameters and the initial states of the LADM change, the LADM coupled Rulkov neural network exhibits synchronization transition and synchronization coexistence.

Coexistence of giant Rashba spin splitting and quantum spin Hall effect in H–Pb–F

Rashba spin splitting(RSS)and quantum spin Hall effect(QSHE)have attracted enormous interest due to their great significance in the application of spintronics.In this work,we theoretically proposed a new two-dimensional(2D)material H–Pb–F with coexistence of giant RSS and quantum spin Hall effec by using the ab initio calculations.Our results show that H–Pb–F possesses giant RSS(1.21 eV·A)and the RSS can be tuned up to 4.16 e V·A by in-plane biaxial strain,which is a huge value among 2D materials.Furthermore,we also noticed that H–Pb–F is a 2D topological insulator(TI)duo to the strong spin–orbit coupling(SOC)interaction,and the large topological gap is up to 1.35 e V,which is large enough for for the observation of topological edge states at room temperature.The coexistence of giant RSS and quantum spin Hall effect greatly broadens the potential application of H–Pb–F in the field of spintronic devices.

Some of the Mechanisms for Coexistence of Tree Species Diversity in Tropical Forests: A Review of Effects of Tree Density Dependence

Tree communities contribute to maintenance of species diversity in tropical forests. Coexistence of many tree species is not without competition. Therefore, coexistence of tree species and size diversities occur sequentially or simultaneously in tropical natural forests. Understanding coexistence and competition mechanisms of tree species requires knowledge of interactions within and between species. However, many conservation efforts and strategies failed due to inability to identify and maintain functional coexistence mechanisms among tree species in the forest. Also, most trees died because of pressure on their habitats and not because of limiting growth resources. Hence, species identity, minimum distance and size of the neighbouring trees which are responsible for coexistence of competing trees in most tropical forests have not been explicitly reviewed. Therefore, this review evaluated some of the density dependent mechanisms for coexistence of tree species alpha diversity in tropical forests. Many interactive mechanisms are responsible for coexistence tree species in tropical forests. Inter- and intra-specific competitions are the most significant and both facilitate positive and negative density dependence. Therefore, switching from negative to positive density dependence may occur in some situations. Positive and negative density effects regulate species abundance and coexistence through conspecific and heterospecific structures. Aggregates of conspecific and heterospecific neighbours constitute forest spatial structure. Negative density interactions are mutually exclusive and basically ranged from effect of species identity of neighbours, distance to neighbours and tree size of the neighbours to reference trees in the community structures. Some mechanisms shorten distances for heterospecific than conspecific interactions. Conspecific structures improved survival and growth of rare tree species. Interactive mechanisms in tree community and population structures facilitate species diversity and size inequality, respectively.

Inferring Human-elephant Coexistence Based on Characteristics of Human-elephant Interactions in Nangunhe of Yunnan,China

Human-wildlife conflict(HWC)negatively impacts both humans and wildlife.Attitudes of local residents have been critical in promoting wildlife conservation.It is therefore necessary to understand the characteristics of HWC and identify influential factors on attitudes towards conservation to implement conservation strategies efficiently.This research focused on features of human-elephant interactions,while attitudes and values regarding the small population of Asian elephants(Elephas maximus)in Nangunhe National Nature Reserve(NNR),Yunnan,China.The total of 327 valid questionnaires were gathered around the area where Asian elephants were distributed.Logistic regression models were employed to analyze the correlations among five predictor variables(‘Area’,‘Family size’,‘Annual income’,‘Quantity of family members in non-primary industries’and‘Experiencing loss or not’)and three response variables(‘Attitude towards elephants’,‘Perception of the values of elephants’and‘Attitude towards tourism development’).The study area was densely forested with tea plants,rubber trees,corns and sugarcane.There,25.99%of respondents reported the experience of human-elephant conflict(HEC),with crop raiding and cash crop damages being the major conflict types.To demonstrate respect for elephants and to mitigate HEC,a unique custom called‘Giving tribute to elephants’was developed long ago.Respondents’township with an official annual festival of‘Giving Tribute to Elephants’(odds ratio(OR)=2.75,P=1.73×10^(-6))and higher annual income(OR=2.09,P=5.45×10^(-5))significantly contributed to forming a more positive attitude towards elephants,whereas HEC itself have contributed to a more negative attitude(OR=0.50,P=3.29×10^(-3)).Therefore,we propose that:1)reducing human-elephant conflict by testing multiple mitigation measures and adopting the most effective one of them;2)enhancing local livelihoods through the development of ecological products and ecotourism;and 3)preserving and developing the Wa culture in this region.The study area deserves more attention and further research to explore and obtain endorsement from the public to achieve coexistence between human and wildlife.

Protection and Restoration of Soil and Water Ecology to Achieve Harmonious Coexistence between Human and Nature

At present,the ecological environment crisis of global concern,such as climate warming and biodiversity loss,the fundamental reason is the change and destruction of the earth's soil and water ecology.Therefore,protecting and restoring the authenticity,diversity,cleanliness and integrity of soil and water ecology,we should coordinate and deal with the relationship between human beings and soil and water ecology,and realize the harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature from the three aspects of protecting natural soil and water ecology,protecting and restoring natural soil and water ecology,building and regenerating artificial soil and water ecology.

Degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in a multiphase mixed system by subaquatic gas-liquid discharge plasma

In recent years, antibiotic pollution has become a serious threat to human health. In this study, a gas-liquid discharge plasma is developed to degrade ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in a multiphase mixed system containing inorganic and organic impurities. The discharge characteristics are analyzed by diagnosing the applied voltage and discharge current waveforms, as well as the optical emission spectra. The work investigates how degradation efficiency is affected by applied voltage, gas flow rate, treatment time, initial concentration as well as the addition of γ-Al_(2)O_(3) pellets and peanut straw. After 70 min, the degradation efficiency of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in the multiphase mixed system reached 99.6%. Its removal efficiency increases as the initial concentration decreases and the applied voltage increases. Besides, there is still a good degradation efficiency of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride with the addition of peanut straw.The degradation mechanism of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is investigated through the analysis of degraded intermediates and reactive species.

Coexistence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,acute myeloid leukemia,and untreated lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/waldenström macroglobulinemia in a same patient:A case report

BACKGROUND The Coexistence of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies is rare.Myeloid leukemia occurs more frequently as a secondary event in patients receiving chemotherapy agents for lymphoid malignancies.Synchronous diagnoses of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),acute myeloid leukemia(AML),and untreated lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia(LPL/WM)in the same patient have not been reported.Here we report one such case.CASE SUMMARY An 89-year-old man had a chest wall mass histopathologically diagnosed as DLBCL.The bone marrow and peripheral blood contained two groups of cells.One group of cells fulfilled the criteria of AML,and the other revealed the features of small B lymphocytic proliferative disorder,which we considered LPL/WM.Multiple chromosomal or genetic changes were detected in bone marrow mononuclear cells,including ATM deletion,CCND1 amplification,mutations of MYD88(L265P)and TP53,WT1 overexpression,and fusion gene of BIRC2-ARAP1,as well as complex chromosomal abnormalities.The patient refused chemotherapy because of old age and died of pneumonia 1 mo after the final diagnosis.CONCLUSION The coexistence of DLBCL,AML,and untreated LPL/WM in the same patient is extremely rare,which probably results from multiple steps of genetic abnormalities.Asymptomatic LPL/WM might have occurred first,then myelodysplastic syndromerelated AML developed,and finally aggressive DLBCL arose.Therefore,medical staff should pay attention to this rare phenomenon to avoid misdiagnoses.

A Novel Method for Determining the Void Fraction in Gas-Liquid Multi-Phase Systems Using a Dynamic Conductivity Probe

Conventional conductivity methods for measuring the void fraction in gas-liquid multiphase systems are typically affected by accuracy problems due to the presence of fluid flow and salinity.This study presents a novel approach for determining the void fraction based on a reciprocating dynamic conductivity probe used to measure the liquid film thickness under forced annular-flow conditions.The measurement system comprises a cyclone,a conductivity probe,a probe reciprocating device,and a data acquisition and processing system.This method ensures that the flow pattern is adjusted to a forced annular flow,thereby minimizing the influence of complex and variable gas-liquid flow patterns on the measurement results;Moreover,it determines the liquid film thickness solely according to circuit connectivity rather than specific conductivity values,thereby mitigating the impact of salinity.The reliability of the measurement system is demonstrated through laboratory experiments.The experimental results indicate that,in a range of gas phase superficial velocities 5–20 m/s and liquid phase superficial velocities 0.079–0.48 m/s,the maximum measurement deviation for the void fraction is 4.23%.

Coexistence of Pseudotumor Cerebri and Chiari Malformation Type 1

Objective:To identify different radiological markers for the diagnosis of the coexistence of pseudotumor cerebri and Chiari malformation type 1.Method:Patients who were clinically suspected to have Chiari malformation type 1 and were referred to the Department of Radiology between 2007 and 2020,and whose diagnosis was radiologically confirmed through magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),were retrospectively evaluated.A total of 49 Chiari malformation type 1 patients with both cervical and cerebral examinations and 49 control subjects of the same age and gender without a diagnosis of Chiari malformation type 1 were included in the study.In Chiari malformation type 1 diagnosed patients,the presence of pseudotumor cerebri,the presence of syringomyelia in cervical spinal MRI images,and the distance of cerebellar tonsils and obex according to McRae line were evaluated in millimeters.Result:In Chiari malformation type 1 clinically and radiologically diagnosed cases,the cerebellar tonsils and obex were located lower in patients with a radiological diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri compared to those without,and the rate of accompanying syringomyelia appeared to be higher.However,no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups.Conclusion:The coexistence of pseudotumor cerebri and Chiari malformation type 1 is more common than previously estimated.Different treatment protocols in the coexistence of pseudotumor cerebri and Chiari malformation type 1 emphasize the importance of making this diagnosis.Further radiological imaging studies are needed to identify different radiological markers for the diagnosis of the coexistence of pseudotumor cerebri and Chiari malformation type 1.

A New Device for Gas-Liquid Flow Measurements Relying on Forced Annular Flow

A new measurement device,consisting of swirling blades and capsule-shaped throttling elements,is proposed in this study to eliminate typical measurement errors caused by complex flow patterns in gas-liquid flow.The swirling blades are used to transform the complex flow pattern into a forced annular flow.Drawing on the research of existing blockage flow meters and also exploiting the single-phase flow measurement theory,a formula is introduced to measure the phase-separated flow of gas and liquid.The formula requires the pressure ratio,Lockhart-Martinelli number(L-M number),and the gas phase Froude number.The unknown parameters appearing in the formula are fitted through numerical simulation using computational fluid dynamics(CFD),which involves a comprehensive analysis of the flow field inside the device from multiple perspectives,and takes into account the influence of pressure fluctuations.Finally,the measurement model is validated through an experimental error analysis.The results demonstrate that the measurement error can be maintained within±8%for various flow patterns,including stratified flow,bubble flow,and wave flow.

Enhanced degradation of tetracycline by gas-liquid discharge plasma coupled with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)

Plasma-catalysis is considered as one of the most promising technologies for antibiotic degradation in water.In the plasma-catalytic system,one of the factors affecting the degradation effect is the performance of the photocatalyst,which is usually restricted by the rapid recombination of electrons and holes as well as narrow light absorption range.In this research,a photocatalyst g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) was prepared and coupled with gas-liquid discharge(GLD)to degrade tetracycline(TC).The performance was examined,and the degradation pathways and mechanisms were studied.Results show that a 90%degradation rate is achieved in the GLD with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) over a 10 min treatment.Increasing the pulse voltage is conducive to increasing the degradation rate,whereas the addition of excessive g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) tends to precipitate agglomerates,resulting in a poor degradation efficiency.The redox properties of the g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) surface promote the generation of oxidizing active species(H2O2,O3)in solution.Radical quenching experiments showed that·OH,hole(h^(+)),play important roles in the TC degradation by the discharge with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2).Two potential degradation pathways were proposed based on the intermediates.The toxicity of tetracycline was reduced by treatment in the system.Furthermore,the g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) composites exhibited excellent recoverability and stability.

The Collision and Coexistence between Chinese and American Cultures——The Collision and Coexistence between Two Generations in The Joy Luck Club

In many Chinese and American works,the differences of backgrounds,such as culture,customs and so on occupy a large part,through which readers can see the collision as well as coexistence between the two cultures.The Joy Luck Club has no exception.In this work,the communication under different cultural backgrounds between the generations generates a lot of collision,but they get coexistence in the end.In this paper,the author will analyze the continuous collision and the final coexistence of the four pairs of mothers and daughters,so that readers can learn more about the differences between Chinese and American cultures.

Study on the "Coexistence between Heaven and Man" Concept and the Chinese Vernacular Architecture Concept

On the basis of the characteristics of ancient Chinese culture,the paper discusses the formation inevitability of the 'Coexistence between Heaven and Man' building concept,the connection and the differences with the ecological concept of modern Chinese Vernacular Architecture.The key point is that the contemporary design should absorb the ancient Chinese culture of the 'Coexistence between Heaven and Man' building concept and the essence of Chinese Vernacular Architecture ecological concept,forming the design features of local ecology based on the environmental protection and harmonious coexistence.

On the Theme of Coexistence of Opposites in The Left Hand of Darkness

As one of the best-known literary works of the American novelist Ursula K.Le Guin,The Left Hand of Darkness is not only successful in its splendid plots and beautiful language but also in the important function of its readers in reading.In the thesis,one of its themes,coexistence of opposites,is analyzed in the reader response perspective in order to reveal Le Guin's reader-consciousness.The theme exists on a higher level in the novel and expresses Le Guin's attitude towards life and universe.Le Guin unified her own philosophy in the novel and tried to call for the reader's resonance.

Coexistence Theory of Slag Structure and Its Application to Calculation of Oxidizing Capability of Slag Melts

The coexistence theory of slag structure and it's application to calculation of the oxidizing capabilities of slag melts is described. It is shown that the law of mass action can be widely applied to the calculation of oxidizing capabilities of slag melts in combination with the coexistence theory of slag structure.For slag melts containing basic oxides FeO and MnO, their oxidizing capabilities can be expressed by N Fe tO =N FeO +6N Fe 2O 3 , while for slag melts containing basic oxides CaO, MgO, etc., in addition to FeO and MnO, their oxidizing capabilities can be given as N Fe tO =N FeO +6N Fe 2O 3 +8N Fe 3O 4 .

THE APPLICATION OF THE LAW OF MASS ACTION IN COMBINATION WITH THE COEXISTENCE THEORY OF SLAG STRUCTURE TO THE MULTICOMPONENT SLAG SYSTEMS

It is shown by the the law of mass action in combination with the coexistence theory of slag structure that KMn n =NMno /(NFeo [%Mn] does not change with basicities and maintains constant at constant temperature; the oxidizing capabilities of multicomponent slag systems containing CaO, MgO etc., can be expressed by NFe tO =NFeO + 6NFe2 O3 + 8NFe3O4; the desulfurizing capabilities of various basic oxides for multicomponent slag systems can be calculated by Ls=8(KCaSNCaO+KMgsNMgo +KFeSNFeO)∑n/[%O]; the dephosphorizing capabili- ties of CaO-MgO-FeO-FeO O3-P2 O5 as well as CaO-FeO-Fe2 O3-A12 O3-P2 O5 molten slags expressed respectively by Lpo=(%P2O5)/[P]2 = 141.94[%O]5∑nK00(1 + K5N2Cao + K6N3CaO + K7N4CaO + K8N2MgO + K9N3MgO + K10N3FeO + K11N4Feo); LPO=(%P2O5)/[P]2= 141.94[%O]5∑nK00(1 + K10N2CaO+ K11N3CaO+ K12N4CaO + K13N3FeO + K14N4FeO) have good agreement with practical values.

Discontinuous bifurcation and coexistence of attractors in a piecewise linear map with a gap

Coexistence of attractors with striking characteristics is observed in this work, where a stable period-5 attractor coexists successively with chaotic band-ll, period-6, chaotic band-12 and band-6 attractors. They are induced by dif- ferent mechanisms due to the interaction between the discontinuity and the non-invertibility. A characteristic boundary collision bifurcation, is observed. The critical conditions are obtained both analytically and numerically.

APPLICABILITY OF THE MASS ACTION LAW IN COMBINATION WITH THE COEXISTENCE THEORY OF METALLIC MELTS INVOLVING COMPOUND TO BINARY METALLIC MELTS

Based on the atomicity and molecularity as well as the consistency ofthermodynamic properties and activities of metallic melts with their structures, the coexistencetheory of metallic melts structure involving compound has been suggested. According to this theory,the calculating models of mass action concentrations for different binary metallic melts have beenformulated. The calculated mass action concentrations agree well with corresponding measuredactivities, which confirms that the suggested theory can reflect the structural characteristics ofmetallic melts involving compound and that the mass action law is widely applicable to this kind ofmetallic melts.

Coexistence of esophageal superficial carcinoma and multiple leiomyomas:A case report

Leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors of the esophagus. They usually occur as a single lesion or as two or three nodules. Only two cases of esophageal multiple leiomyomas comprising more than 10 nodules have been reported previously. Moreover, there have been few reports of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma overlying submucosal tumors. We describe a 71-yearold man who was diagnosed as having a superficial esophageal cancer coexisting with two or three leiomyoma nodules. During surgery, 10 or more nodules that had not been evident preoperatively were palpable in the submucosal and muscular layers throughout the esophagus. As intramural metastasis of the esophageal cancer was suspected, we considered additional lymphadenectomy, but had to rule out this option because of the patient＇s severe anoxemia. Microscopic examination revealed that all the nodules were leiomyomas （20 lesions, up to 3 cm in diameter）, and that invasion of the carcinoma cells was limited to the submucosal layer overlying a relatively large leiomyoma. This is the first report of superficial esophageal cancer coexisting with numerous solitary leiomyomas. Multiple minute leiomyomas are often misdiagnosed as intramural metastasis, and a leiomyoma at the base of a carcinoma lesion can also be rnisdiagnosed as tumor invasion. The present case shows that accurate diagnosis is required for the management of patients with coexisting superficial esophageal cancer and multiple leiomyomas.