Entangling two single-mode Gaussian states by use of a beam splitter

Considering two light beams which are in general single-mode Gaussian states and incident on input ports of an ideal beam splitter, respectively, this paper investigates how separability and entanglement of the output lights depend on degrees of nonclassicality and purities of the input states. The minimum and maximum amounts of attainable entanglement in the output state are found

Relative entropy entanglement for as a measure of Gaussian states

In this paper, we derive an explicit analytic expression of the relative entropy between two general Gaussian states. In the restriction of the set for Gaussian states and with the help of relative entropy formula and Peres-Simon separability criterion, one can conveniently obtain the relative entropy entanglement for Gaussian states. As an example, the relative entanglement for a two-mode squeezed thermal state has been obtained.

Total versus quantum correlations in a two-mode Gaussian state

In Li and Luo(2007 Phys.Rev.A 76032327),the inequality(1/2)T≥Q was identified as a fundamental postulate for a consistent theory of quantum versus classical correlations for arbitrary measures of total T and quantum Q correlations in bipartite quantum states.Besides,Hayden et al(2006 Commun.Math.Phys.26595)have conjectured that,in some conditions within systems endowed with infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces,quantum correlations may dominate not only half of total correlations but total correlations itself.Here,in a two-mode Gaussian state,quantifying T and Q respectively by the quantum mutual information I~G and the entanglement of formation(EoF)ε_(F)^(G),we verify thatε_(F)^(G),is always less than(1/2)I_(R)^(G( when I~G andε_(F)^(G) are defined via the Rényi-2 entropy.While via the von Neumann entropy,ε_(F,V)^(G),may even dominate I_(V)^(G) itself,which partly consolidates the Hayden conjecture,and partly,provides strong evidence hinting that the origin of this counterintuitive behavior should intrinsically be related to the von Neumann entropy by which the EoFε_(F,V)^(G),is defined,rather than related to the conceptual definition of the EoFε_(F).The obtained results show that—in the special case of mixed two-mode Gaussian states—quantum entanglement can be faithfully quantified by the Gaussian Rényi-2 EoFε_(F,R)^(G),.

Quantum entanglement and nonlocality properties of two-mode Gaussian squeezed states

Quantum entanglement and nonlocality properties of a family of two-mode Gaussian pure states have been investigated. The results show that the entanglement of these states is determined by both the two-mode squeezing parameter and the difference of the two single-mode squeezing parameters. For the same two-mode squeezing parameter, these states show larger entanglement than the usual two-mode squeezed vacuum state. The violation of Bell inequality depends strongly on all the squeezing parameters of these states and disappears completely in the limit of large squeezing. In particular, these states can exhibit much stronger violation of local realism than two-mode squeezed vacuum state in the range of experimentally available squeezing values.

Quantifying Discriminating Strength for Gaussian States

The discriminating strength DS(ρAB) induced by local Gaussian unitary operators for any(n + m)-mode Gaussian state ρABis introduced in [Phys. Rev. A 83(2011) 042325]. In this paper, we further discuss the quantity by restricting to Hilbert-Schmidt norm. The analytic formulas of DS for two-mode squeezed thermal states and mixed thermal states are given. Then, the relationship between DS(ρAB) and DS((I ? Φ)(ρAB)) for some special Gaussian channels Φ is discussed. In addition, DS is compared with Gaussian entanglement for symmetric squeezed thermal states.

Wigner function and the entanglement of a quantized Bessel-Gaussian vortex state of a quantized radiation field

A new kind of quantum non-Gaussian state with a vortex structure, termed a Bessel-Gaussian vortex state, is constructed, which is an eigenstate of the sum of squared annihilation operators a2 ＋ b2. The Wigner function of the quantum vortex state is derived and exhibits negativity which is an indication of nonclassicality. It is also found that a quantized vortex state is always in entanglement. And a scheme for generating such quantized vortex states is proposed.

Non-Gaussianity dynamics of two-mode squeezed number states subject to different types of noise based on cumulant theory

We provide a measure to characterize the non-Gaussianity of phase-space function of bosonic quantum states based on the cumulant theory. We study the non-Gaussianity dynamics of two-mode squeezed number states by analyzing the phase-averaged kurtosis for two different models of decoherence： amplitude damping model and phase damping model.For the amplitude damping model, the non-Gaussianity is very fragile and completely vanishes at a finite time. For the phase damping model, such states exhibit rich non-Gaussian characters. In particular, we obtain a transition time that such states can transform from sub-Gaussianity into super-Gaussianity during the evolution. Finally, we compare our measure with the existing measures of non-Gaussianity under the independent dephasing environment.

Non-Gaussianity and decoherence of generalized photon-added coherent state as a Hermite-excited coherent state

Generalized photon-added coherent state （GPACS） is creation and annihilation operations on the coherent state. obtained by repeatedly acting the combination of Bose It is found that GPACS can be regarded as a Hermiteexcited coherent state due to its normalization factor related to a Hermite polynomial. In addition, we adopt the Hilbert-Schmidt distance to quantify the non-Gaussian character of GPACS and discuss the decoherence of GPACS in dissipative channel by studying the loss of nonclassicality in reference of the negativity of Wigner function.

General Single-Mode Gaussian Operation with Two-Mode Entangled State

Realizing the logic operations with small-scale states is pursued to improve the utilization of quantum resources and to simplify the experimental setup. We propose a scheme to realize a general single-mode Gauss/an operation with a two-mode entangled state by utilizing only one nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier and by adjusting four angle parameters. The fidelity of the output mode can be optimized by changing one of the angle parameters. This scheme would be utilized as a basic efficient element in the future large-scale quantum computation.

Wave Period Distributions in Non-Gaussian Mixed Sea States

The wave period probability densities in non-Gaussian mixed sea states are calculated by utilizing a transformed Gaussian process method. The transformation relating the non-Gaussian process and the original Gaussian process is obtained based on the equivalence of the level up-crossing rates of the two processes. A saddle point approximation procedure is applied for calculating the level up-crossing rates in this study. The accuracy and efficiency of the transformed Gaussian process method are validated by comparing the results predicted by using the method with those predicted by the Monte Carlo simulation method.

基于最优控制理论的国产光抽运小铯钟频率控制算法

原子钟频率控制是时间保持工作中的关键技术.当前守时工作中的频率控制主要针对国外微波钟采用开环控制算法,但由于国产光抽运小铯钟(下称国产钟)的工作原理和性能不同于国外同类型原子钟,因此该算法不能很好适应国产钟.为了提升我国标准时间的自主性和安全性,本文基于国产钟的噪声特性,在最优控制理论的框架下研究了线性二次高斯控制算法,该算法属于闭环控制算法,从同步时间、频率控制准确度和频率控制稳定度方面研究国产钟性能,最后分析了不同控制间隔对国产钟性能的影响.结果表明随着二次损失函数中约束矩阵W_(R)的增大,同步时间延长,控制准确度降低,控制短期稳定度提高.W_(R)相同情况下,随着控制间隔的增大,同步时间延长,控制准确度降低,控制短期稳定度提高,对于W_(R)=1时,控制间隔为1 h的同步时间为5小时,控制准确度为1.83 ns,1 h的Allan偏差为1.81×10^(-13);控制间隔为8 h的同步时间为28 h,控制准确度为4.48 ns,1 h的Allan偏差为1.48×10^(-13).控制国产光抽运小铯钟的中长期稳定度都得到提高.

改进高斯过程的客车侧风工况下气动造型优化研究

高速客车的行驶安全性受侧风影响较大,为改善高速客车的气动特性和行驶稳定性,提出了一种改进的高斯过程回归模型对客车进行气动造型优化。该模型中,使用一种自动核构造算法,根据数据特征自动构造核函数,采用基于万有引力加速机理的自适应遗传算法对超参数进行优化,克服了传统近似模型精度低的问题。结果表明:改进高斯过程回归模型的预测值均位于95%置信区间,精度较高,实际应用中能够减少仿真和实验的次数,具有较好的工程实用价值。基于协同优化的思想对客车气动造型进行优化,客车的气动升力系数降低了22.56%,侧向力系数降低了18.53%,气动阻力系数降低了4.51%。

基于等效电路模型和数据驱动模型融合的SOC和SOH联合估计方法

针对电池SOC与SOH估计结果相互影响,单独估计准确度不高的问题,该文提出了一种基于等效电路模型和数据驱动模型融合的SOC和SOH联合估计方法。通过构建考虑老化和SOC的电池二阶RC等效电路模型,采用带遗忘因子的递推最小二乘法,在不同SOC和SOH的情况下,对电池的参数进行在线辨识,实现电池参数在线辨识与电池SOC和SOH估计的耦合。以锂离子电池自SOC=20%到恒流充电阶段结束所需时间为输入,电池SOH值为输出,训练GPR模型,实现电池SOH估计。将输出的SOH估计值与电池的额定容量相乘,得到电池的实际容量,更新二阶RC状态空间方程,采用扩展卡尔曼滤波算法对电池进行SOC估计,实现电池SOH估计和SOC估计之间的联合。采用牛津大学电池退化数据集和NASA随机使用电池数据集进行算法验证,结果表明,所提联合估计方法能够在电池的生命周期内较准确地跟随锂离子电池SOC和SOH的真实值。

变截面压电悬臂梁能量采集器在高斯白噪声激励下的稳态统计特性研究

环境振动是一种非周期、随机的宽频激励,研究振动能量采集器在环境振动下的能量采集特性具有重要意义。本文采用改进随机平均法,求解了变截面压电梁在高斯白噪声激励下的等效振幅、位移、速度的稳态概率密度函数,位移与速度的联合概率密度函数以及稳态均方输出电压,随后研究了变截面压电梁的能量采集效能。结果表明:负载电阻一定时,截面系数β>0时的变截面压电梁相比β=0时的等截面压电梁有更好的稳态均方输出电压;截面系数β>0时,随着电阻电容乘积的倒数的增加,变截面压电梁的均方电压均呈现逐渐减小的趋势,当电阻电容乘积的倒数值一定时,β值越大,均方电压也越高;随着噪声强度的增加,变截面压电梁的均方电压均呈现逐渐增大的趋势,当噪声强度一定时,β值越大,均方电压也越高。本文研究结果可为变截面压电悬臂梁能量采集系统的设计及应用提供理论依据。

环境适应的高斯噪声数据增强强化学习方法

状态向量输入的强化学习方法是一种基本的强化学习研究方向,具有广泛的应用前景。针对目前强化学习方法数据效率低下导致学习时间较长从而难以在现实环境中应用的问题,提出了一种环境适应的高斯噪声数据增强(environment-adapted Gaussian noise augmentation,EAGNA)方法,并将其作为一个模块插入到软演员-评论家(soft actor-critic,SAC)和近端策略优化(proximal policy optimization,PPO)方法中。针对任务环境中状态向量的各个元素分布范围,对每个元素添加具有不同均值和标准差的高斯噪声,从而达到增强数据的目的。在OpenAI Gym基准测试的3个基于状态向量输入的控制任务中,EAGNA较原算法获得了更高的平均回报,提高了算法的数据效率。特别是在具有复杂状态输入的Lunar Lander控制任务中,EAGNA获得的平均回报比SAC和PPO方法分别高出30.52和26.09。

基于一阶ECM-IGPR的锂离子电池SOC及SOH联合估计框架

为解决锂电池荷电状态与健康状态互相耦合问题,提出一种基于等效电路模型-改进高斯过程回归的锂离子电池荷电状态(SOC)-健康状态(SOH)的联合估计框架。该框架通过提取容量增量曲线中的健康特征,进行主成分分析,然后建立电池老化的改进高斯过程回归模型进行SOH预测。在此基础上,建立锂电池一阶状态空间模型,并结合改进粒子滤波算法对后一周期的SOC更新,实现SOC及SOH的联合长期估计。牛津数据集中的8个电池被用来验证该框架的准确性和适应性,取得了较好的估计结果。

基于改进舰尾流模型和多层耦合分析的机载雷达测量建模

为提高复杂海洋环境中无人舰载机(Unmanned carrier-based aircraft, UCA)自动着舰时导航定位的准确性,研究舰尾流对机载雷达测量过程的动态影响问题,建立一种基于多层级耦合性分析的测量影响动态建模分析方法.首先,利用直接分解法和前向差分法建立一种基于离散化状态空间的时变舰尾流模型,以克服传统传递函数方法存在的局限性;其次,基于舰尾流各分量均与飞机飞行速度相关的客观事实,通过在时变系统中考虑舰尾流分量间的相互作用关系来构建一种更符合实际系统特征的分量自耦合舰尾流模型;紧接着,采用UCA姿态角变化能够改变坐标转换矩阵的思想,研究舰尾流与UCA位姿变化间的耦合联系,提出一种准确性更高的舰尾流对UCA位姿的深度影响模型;然后,以航母姿态变化对舰载雷达测量结果的影响模型为基础,通过考虑本研究场景的内在特性,建立UCA姿态变化对雷达测量结果的影响模型分析方法;紧接着,采用示意图方式获得位移变化对机载雷达测量结果的影响模型;最后,针对舰船受海洋大气(风、浪、流)干扰而出现失速这一现象,建立实际海洋环境中舰尾流对机载雷达测量结果的非线性非高斯影响分析模型.仿真实验研究验证了上述模型分析方法的有效性和优越性.

量子化学软件包Gaussian在大学化学教学中的应用

通过使用Gaussian进行IR/Raman模拟及过渡态寻找两个案例,分别加强学生对IR/Raman光谱的基本原理的理解,加深对基元反应过程中的能量变化的认知,从而更深刻地学习认识基元反应。Gaussian通过形象化分子振动模式,图像化基元反应能量路径,对于化学中分子振动与IR/Raman光谱之间的联系和基元反应的反应过程两个难题提供了直观的解释。Gaussian软件的引入使得大学化学教学中的抽象理论形象化,培养学生开创性思维,提高教学成果。

A new type of photon-added squeezed coherent state and its statistical properties

We construct a new type of photon-added squeezed coherent state generated by repeatedly operating the bosonic creation operator on a new type of squeezed coherent state [Fan H Y and Xiao M 1996 Phys. Lett. A 220 81l. We find that its normalization factor is related to single-variable Hermite polynomials. Furthermore, we investigate its statistical properties, such as Mandel＇s Q parameter, photon-number distribution, and Wigner function. The nonelassieality is displayed in terms of the intense oscillation of photon-number distribution and the negativity of the Wigner function.

最大相关熵准则下改进扩展卡尔曼滤波的车辆状态估计

针对传统卡尔曼滤波在非高斯环境下对车辆状态估计鲁棒性和精度差的问题,提出最大相关熵准则(MCC)下改进自适应迭代扩展卡尔曼(AIEKF)滤波算法(MC-AIEKF),建立横-纵耦合的三自由度车辆模型,利用易测得的车载传感器信息设计了包含横摆角速度、质心侧偏角、纵向车速的状态观测器。在双移线和正弦扫频输入工况下通过Simulink/CarSim仿真试验平台对提出的算法进行了验证。结果表明,在非高斯环境下,相比于扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)和AIEKF,MC-AIEKF算法估计精度高,鲁棒性好,在实际的车辆状态估计中MC-AIEKF具有更强的适用性。