Self-assembled S-scheme In_(2.77)S_(4)/K^(+)-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalyst with selective O_(2)reduction pathway for efficient H_(2)O_(2)production using water and air

The development of an efficient artificial H_(2)O_(2)photosynthesis system is a challenging work using H_(2)O and O_(2)as starting materials.Herein,3D In2.77S_(4)nanoflower precursor was in-situ deposited on K^(+)-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)(KCN)nanosheets using a solvothermal method,then In2.77S_(4)/KCN(IS/KCN)het-erojunction with an intimate interface was obtained after a calcination process.The investigation shows that the photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production rate of 50IS/KCN can reach up to 1.36 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)without any sacrificial reagents under visible light irradiation,which is 9.2 times and 4.1 times higher than that of KCN and In2.77S_(4),respectively.The enhanced activity of the above composite can be mainly attributed to the S-scheme charge transfer route between KCN and In2.77S_(4)according to density functional theory calculations,electron paramagnetic resonance and free radical capture tests,leading to an expanded light response range and rapid charge separation at their interface,as well as preserving the active electrons and holes for H_(2)O_(2)production.Besides,the unique 3D nanostructure and surface hydrophobicity of IS/KCN facilitate the diffusion and transportation of O_(2)around the active centers,the energy barriers of O_(2)protonation and H_(2)O_(2)desorption steps are ef-fectively reduced over the composite.In addition,this system also exhibits excellent light harvesting ability and stability.This work provides a potential strategy to explore a sustainable H_(2)O_(2)photo-synthesis pathway through the design of heterojunctions with intimate interfaces and desired reac-tion thermodynamics and kinetics.

Novel Electro-Optical Modulator Utilizing GeO_2-Doped Silica Waveguide

In order to achieve a modulator with broad bandwidth and perfect impedance match,a novel electro-optical modulator based on GeO2-doped silica waveguides on silicon substrate is designed.The finite element model of the whole electro-optical modulator is established by means of ANSYS.With the finite element method analysis,the performance of the novel modulator is predicted.The simulation reveals that the designed modulator operates with a product of 3 dB optical bandwidth and modulating length of 226.59 GHz·cm,and a characteristic impedance of 51.6 Ω at 1 550 nm wavelength.Moreover,the calculated electrical reflected power of coplanar waveguide electrode is below-20 dB in the frequency ranging from 45 MHz to 65 GHz.Therefore,the designed modulator has wide modulation bandwidth and perfect impedance match.

Fabrication of Gd_(2)O_(3)-doped CeO_(2)thin films through DC reactive sputtering and their application in solid oxide fuel cells

Physical vapor deposition(PVD)can be used to produce high-quality Gd_(2)O_(3)-doped CeO2(GDC)films.Among various PVD methods,reactive sputtering provides unique benefits,such as high deposition rates and easy upscaling for industrial applications.GDC thin films were successfully fabricated through reactive sputtering using a Gd_(0.2)Ce_(0.8)(at%)metallic target,and their application in solid oxide fuel cells,such as buffer layers between yttria-stabilized zirconia(YSZ)/La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O_(3−δ)and as sublayers in the steel/coating system,was evaluated.First,the direct current(DC)reactive-sputtering behavior of the GdCe metallic target was determined.Then,the GDC films were deposited on NiO-YSZ/YSZ half-cells to investigate the influence of oxygen flow rate on the quality of annealed GDC films.The results demonstrated that reactive sputtering can be used to prepare thin and dense GDC buffer layers without high-temperature sintering.Furthermore,the cells with a sputtered GDC buffer layer showed better electrochemical performance than those with a screen-printed GDC buffer layer.In addition,the insertion of a GDC sublayer between the SUS441 interconnects and the Mn-Co spinel coatings contributed to the reduction of the oxidation rate for SUS441 at operating temperatures,according to the area-specific resistance tests.

Optical Spectroscopy of Er^(3+) and Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)Co-doped Bi_2O_3-GeO_2-B_2O_3-ZnO Glasses

The （60 - x）Bi2O3 - xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO （x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent） glasses doped with Er^3＋ and Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ were fabricated using the melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied with their DTA curves. The results show that the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization onset temperature increases with the increase of GeO2 content, indicating that the thermal stability of the glass has become better. The absorption spectra were recorded and the stimulated emission cross sections were calculated using the McCumber theory. The Ω2, O4, and Ω6 parameters,the transition probability, the radiative lifetime, and the fluorescence branch ratio of Er^3＋ for optical transition were calculated from their absorption spectra in terms of reduced matrix U^（t）（λ = 2, 4, 6） character for optical transitions. The infrared emission of Er^3＋ was measured upon excitation with 970 nm light and the full width at half-maximum （FWHM） was estimated from the emission spectra. The pumping efficiency and the intensity of the emission at the 1.54 μm band of Er^3＋ were enhanced considerably by co-doping Yb^3＋ .

Optical Spectroscopy of Er^(3+), Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+) Co-doped Bi_2O_3-GeO_2-B_2O_3-ZnO Glasses

The （60 - x） Bi2O3-xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO （x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent） glasses doped with Er^3＋ and Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ were fabricated by melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied by their DTA curves. The results indicate that the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization onset temperature increase as increase of GeO2 content, indicating that the thermal stability of the glass becomes better. The absorption spectra were recorded. The stimulated emission cross sections were calculated by McCumber theory. The Ω2, Ω4, and Ω6 parameters, transition probability, radiative lifetime, fluorescence branch ratio of Er^3＋ for optical transition were calculated from their absorption spectra in terms of reduced matrix U^（1）（λ = 2, 4, 6） character for optical transitions. The infrared emission was measured by excitation with 970 nm light and the FWHM was estimated from their emission spectra. The pumping efficiency and the intensity of emission at the band of 1.54 μm are enhanced greatly by addition of Y2O3.

煤中超临界CO_(2)解吸滞后机理及其对地质封存启示

将CO_(2)注入不可采煤层地质封存既是降低温室气体效应最理想选择之一,也是煤炭工业降低CO_(2)排放、实现低碳化可持续发展的必由之路,然而,煤层CO_(2)地质封存悬而未决的关键问题是:“注入煤层中的CO_(2)到底能否长期停留而安全封存?”。鉴于此,在弄清煤体CO_(2)解吸滞后规律的基础上,揭示超临界CO_(2)解吸滞后机理,建立煤层CO_(2)地质封存量化模型,探讨利用解吸滞后实现煤层CO_(2)长期安全封存。研究表明:煤中超临界态CO_(2)解吸滞后程度大于亚临界态CO_(2),在超临界阶段,吸附与解吸等温线形成近似“平行线”的稳定滞后特征;解吸滞后的本质原因是煤中微纳米级亲水性孔隙形成弯液面、产生强大毛细压力、渗吸液态水、截断并固定超临界CO_(2)流体、最终形成了CO_(2)残余封存,例如,煤中直径40~10 nm圆柱形无机孔隙可产生7.30~29.12 MPa毛细压力,足以封堵超临界态CO_(2);以九里山煤样解吸等温线数据为例,采用基于煤层CO_(2)解吸滞后的地质封存量化模型,评估出900~1500 m深部二1煤层封存总量稳定在35~37 m^(3)/t,其中,吸附封存约占80%,残余封存约占15%,而结构封存仅占5%;解吸滞后启示应尽可能采取措施提高煤层残余封存CO_(2)比例,原因是毛细堵塞的残余封存CO_(2)较围岩密封的游离和吸附CO_(2)更安全且没有泄露风险,煤层灰分、水分、孔隙尺寸和形貌等物性参数是影响残余封存效率的主要因素。

基于网络药理学和GEO数据集的翻白草治疗2型糖尿病分子机制探讨

目的:网络药理学结合GEO数据集探讨翻白草治疗2型糖尿病的分子机制。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)下载翻白草化学成分信息,经SwissADME对各成分进行筛选和SwissTargetPrediction预测靶点后,得到药物作用靶点。采用R软件下载GEO数据中GSE系列,提取表达矩阵,对原始数据进行归一化处理后提取临床信息,采用limma程序包进行2型糖尿病差异基因分析。通过微生信在线平台获取药物作用靶点和疾病差异基因交集,即为翻白草治疗2型糖尿病的潜在作用靶点,对潜在作用靶点进行生物信息学分析,采用分子对接方法对分析结果进行验证。结果:筛选得到翻白草中20个化学成分,经SwissTargetPrediction预测后,得到374个药物作用靶点,R软件分析获得2型糖尿病差异基因658个,取交集后得到17个潜在作用靶点。经过基因本体(GO)富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路分析可知,翻白草有效成分有原儿茶酸、咖啡酸、山柰酚、3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸、罗索酸,通过作用蛋白激酶C-θ (PKC-θ)、核转录因子-κB p65亚单位(RELA)、核糖体蛋白S6激酶α3 (RPS6KA3)、信号传导和转录激活因子3 (STAT3)、乳酸脱氢酶B (LDHB)和6-磷酸果糖激酶-2/果糖-2,6-二磷酸酶同工酶3 (PFKFB3)靶点,参与胰岛素抵抗通路(P<0.01)、低氧诱导因子-1 (HIF-1)信号通路(P<0.01)和脂肪细胞因子信号通路(P<0.01)来发挥治疗2型糖尿病作用。分子对接结果显示,PKC-θ、RELA、STAT3与咖啡酸,RPS6KA3与罗索酸,LDHB与3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸,PFKFB3与山柰酚之间均具有较好的对接活性。结论:通过网络药理学结合GEO数据集,初步预测了翻白草治疗2型糖尿病的潜在靶点和可能的作用机制,为翻白草治疗2型糖尿病的进一步研究提供理论依据。

网络药理学结合GEO芯片探析黄连解毒汤治疗2型糖尿病的作用机制

运用网络药理学结合高通量基因表达(GEO)芯片数据探析黄连解毒汤治疗2型糖尿病的作用机制。基于GEO数据库筛选2型糖尿病与健康人差异基因,通过TCMSP筛选黄连解毒汤的活性成分及对应靶基因,取两者交集靶基因,借助R语言、Cytoscape软件中不同插件分别进行蛋白互作(PPI)及拓扑分析、基因本体(GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析,采用薛定谔Maestro软件进行分子对接验证。结果显示:GEO数据库中实验平台为GPL6947的数据集GSE29231符合研究要求,内含24个样本数据,通过筛选得到差异表达基因1549个;根据口服生物利用度(OB)与类药性(DL)筛选出黄连解毒汤83个活性成分和131个靶基因;获得15个交集靶基因、9个核心活性成分和7个核心基因;分子对接显示槲皮素、金合欢素、黄芩素、芹菜素、山奈酚与IL6、EGFR、FOS、MDM2有较好的结合活性;KEGG富集分析得到包括脂质与动脉粥样和PI3K-Akt的66条信号通路。研究表明,通过网络药理学结合生物信息学探析,黄连解毒汤的主要活性成分可能通过IL6、EGFR、FOS、MDM2等靶点作用于脂质与动脉粥样硬化和PI3K-Akt等信号通路干预2型糖尿病,为下一步研究提供了方向和参考。

基于GEO基因芯片联合网络药理学及分子对接探讨补肾健脾方治疗2型糖尿病作用机制

目的 基于GEO基因芯片、网络药理学及分子对接技术探讨补肾健脾方治疗2型糖尿病(T2D)的作用机制。方法 通过SymMap、TCMID、TCMSP和TCM-ID数据库获取补肾健脾方有效成分及对应靶点,通过GeneCards、OMIM数据库获取T2D相关靶点,采用Cytoscape3.7.2软件构建蛋白相互作用(PPI)网络。利用GEO数据库筛选T2DM核心靶点基因并进行基因富集分析;通过STRING数据库筛选核心靶点,并进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析。最后运用AutoDock软件对有效成分与核心靶点进行分子对接验证。结果 共筛选出补肾健脾方有效成分1 230种,靶点594个,主要活性成分包括β-谷甾醇、山嵛酸酯、槲皮素等。预测得到补肾健脾方治疗T2D潜在作用靶点9个,包括VEGFA、IL1B、COL1A1、CXCL8等。GO功能及KEGG通路富集分析结果显示,补肾健脾方治疗T2D主要涉及糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE信号通路、类风湿关节炎、非酒精性脂肪肝等通路。分子对接结果表明,有效成分β-谷甾醇、槲皮素与VEGFA、IL1B、COL1A1等核心靶点有较强结合能力。结论 补肾健脾方中多种活性成分可能通过AGE-RAGE、类风湿关节炎等信号通路,调控VEGFA、IL1B、COL1A1等靶点治疗T2D。

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of Cu^(2+)-doped TiO_2/SiO_2

Cu^2＋-doped nanostructured TiO2-coated SiO2 （TiO2/SiO2） particles were prepared by the layer-by-layer assembly technique and their photocatalytic property was studied. TiO2 colloids were synthesized by the sol-gel method using TiOSO4 as a precursor. The experimental results showed that TiO2 nanopowders on the surface of SiO2 particles were well distributed and compact. The amount of TiO2 increased with the increase in coating layers. The shell structure appeared to be composed of anatase titania nanocrystals at 550℃. The 2-layer coated TiO2 particles on the surface showed a higher degradation rate compared with all the different-layer samples. The photocatalytic activity of Cu^2＋-doped TiO2/SiO2 was higher than that ofundoped TiO2/SiO2. The optimum dopant content was about 0.10wt%.

Three-photon-excited fluorescence of Tb^(3+)-doped CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 glass by femtosecond laser irradiation

A near infrared to visible blue, green, and red upconversion luminescence in a Tb^3＋-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass was studied, which was excited using 800 nm femtosecond laser irradiation. The upconversion luminescence was attributed to ^5D3→^7F5, ^5D3→^7F4, ^5D3→^7F3, ^5D4→^7F6, ^5D4→^7F5, ^5D4→^7F4, and ^5D4→^7F3 transitions of Tb^3＋. The relationship between upconversion luminescence intensity and the pump power indicated that a three-photon simultaneous absorption process was dominant in this upconversion luminescence. The intense red, green, and blue upconversion luminescence of Tb^3＋-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass may be potentially useful in developing three-dimensional display applications.

Mechanism and behaviors of Cr3+-doped TiO2

TiO2 powder and TiO2 thin film on the surface of glazed ceramic tile were prepared by sol-gel method.The influences of different doping Cr3+ concentration on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 were discussed, UV-visible and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to test the performance of TiO2 powder and film. The results indicate that photocatalytic activity of doping Cr3+-TiO2 thin film is higher than that of powder, and the interaction between Cr3+-doped and substrate can greatly enhance the photocatalytic activity. The results of X-ray diffraction and photoabsorption show that the Cr3+ -doped energy level in TiO2 is 0. 62 eV high from the top of valence band, which belongs to the type of deep energy level doping. On the basis of the semiconductor energy level theory and Cr3+ dopant energy level, the semiconductor energy level model of Cr3+ in TiO2 powder and thin film were established, and the doping mechanisms of Cr3+-doped in TiO2 powder and thin film were analyzed.

基于GEOS-Chem V12.6.3的全球CO_(2)浓度同化系统的构建

为了研究同化OCO-2卫星柱浓度(XCO_(2))数据对于全球CO_(2)浓度模拟的影响,本文基于GEOS-Chem V12.6.3,采用四维变分(four dimensional variational,4D-Var)的方法,构建了一个同化OCO-2卫星XCO_(2)数据的全球大气CO_(2)浓度同化系统。首先,采用有限差分法验证了观测算子、积云对流、行星边界层和平流4个伴随模块计算结果的正确性。然后,以2018年为例,设计了模拟和同化两个实验,并利用TCCON、地面和航飞3种独立的观测数据进行对比验证。结果显示,同化实验结果与TCCON、地面和航飞观测数据之间的平均误差分别为0.37 mL/m^(3)、0.41 mL/m^(3)和0.51 mL/m^(3),相比于模拟实验,分别改善了40.32%、42.25%和45.15%,表明了同化OCO-2卫星的XCO_(2)数据能显著提高对全球大气CO_(2)浓度模拟的准确性。

Ca_(2)MnO_(4)-layered perovskite modified by NaNO_(3)for chemical-looping oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene

Chemical-looping oxidative dehydrogenation(CL-ODH)is a process designed for the conversion of alkanes into olefins through cyclic redox reactions,eliminating the need for gaseous O_(2).In this work,we investigated the use of Ca_(2)MnO_(4)-layered perovskites modified with NaNO_(3) dopants,serving as redox catalysts(also known as oxygen carriers),for the CL-ODH of ethane within a temperature range of 700-780℃.Our findings revealed that the incorporation of NaNO_(3) as a modifier significantly-nhanced the selectivity for-thylene generation from Ca_(2)MnO_(4).At 750℃and a gas hourly space velocity of 1300 h^(-1),we achieved an-thane conversion up to 68.17%,accompanied by a corresponding-thylene yield of 57.39%.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis unveiled that the doping NaNO_(3) onto Ca_(2)MnO_(4) not only played a role in reducing the oxidation state of Mn ions but also increased the lattice oxygen content of the redox catalyst.Furthermore,formation of NaNO_(3) shell on the surface of Ca_(2)MnO_(4) led to a reduction in the concentration of manganese sites and modulated the oxygen-releasing behavior in a step-wise manner.This modulation contributed significantly to the enhanced selectivity for ethylene of the NaNO_(3)-doped Ca_(2)MnO_(4) catalyst.These findings provide compelling evidence for the potential of Ca_(2)MnO_(4)-layered perovskites as promising redox catalysts in the context of CL-ODH reactions.

Interfacial Structure of Nanocrystalline SnO_2 and SiO_2-doped SnO_2

The study of nanocrystalline SnO2 (n-SnO2) and SiO2-doped SnO2 (n-Si-SnO2) samples pre-pared by the sol-gel process showed that SiO2 doping can effectively restrained the growth of nanocrystalline SnO2 grains, thus improving thermal stability of the materials.

Study on the Synthesis of La(3)-doped Nano-TiO_2 and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange

In this paper,La（3）-doped Nano-TiO2（La（3）-TiO2） was synthesized via hydrothermal process.Structure and optical properties of the synthesized samples were characterized via XRD,FT-IR,DRS,etc.The results showed that the phase transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile was effectively prevented by La（3）-doping,which improved the thermal stability of anatase,and also suppressed particle aggregation and grain growth of TiO2.The formation of Ti-O-La bond promoted UV absorption intensity of TiO2,and provoked red shift of absorbed light.And the spectra response range of TiO2 was extended significantly to visible light by La（3）-doping,then photocatalytic performance was improved effectively.Compared with pure nano-TiO2,the performance of La（3）-TiO2 which photocatalyticly degraded methyl orange was increased significantly.

Zero-field splitting parameters and local structures for tetragonal Cr^(2+) centers in Cr^(2+)-doped ZnSe semiconductors

The inter-relation between zero-field splitting （ZFS） parameters and local lattice structures of the （CrSe4）6 clusters in ZnSe semiconductors has been established by using the complete diagonalization （of the energy matrix） method. On the basis of this, the local lattice distortions, the ZFS parameters D, a, F and the optical spectrum for Cr2＋ ions doped into ZnSe are theoretically investigated, and the contributions of the spin singlets have been taken into account. The calculated ZFS parameters are in good agreement with the experimental values. From our calculations, the tetragonal distortion parameters AR = 0.091A and Aθ = 4.28° of Cr2＋ in ZnSe are acquired, and the results suggest that there exists a tetragonal expansion distortion for the local lattice structure of （CrSe4）6- clusters in ZnSe crystals. The influence of the spin singlets on ZFS parameters is also discussed, indicating that the contributions to ZFS parameters a and F cannot be ignored.

Crystallization and Luminescence Properties of Sm3＋-Doped SrO-Al2O3-SiO2 Glass-Ceramics

The Sm^（3＋）-doped SrO-Al2O3-SiO2（SAS） glass-ceramics with excellent luminescence properties were prepared by batch melting and heat treatment. The crystallization behavior and luminescent properties of the glass-ceramics were investigated by DTA, XRD, SEM and luminescence spectroscopy. The results indicate that the crystal phase precipitated in this system is monocelsian（SrAl2Si2O） and with the increase of nucleation/crystallization temperature, the crystallite increases from 66 % to 79 %. The Sm（3＋）-doped SAS glass-ceramics emit green, orange and red lights centered at 565, 605, 650 and 715 nm under the excitation of 475 nm blue light which can be assigned to the 4 G5/2→6 Hj/2（j=5, 7, 9, 11） transitions ofSm^（3＋）, respectively. Besides, by increasing the crystallization temperature or the concentration ofSm^（3＋）, the emission lights of the samples located at 565, 605 and 650 nm are intensified significantly. The present results demonstrate that theSm^（3＋）-doped SAS glassceramics are promising luminescence materials for white LED devices by fine controlling and combining of these three green, orange and red lights in appropriate proportion.

Emission property of Y_2O_3-doped Mo secondary emitter

Y2O3-doped Mo secondary emitters were prepared by liquid-liquid doping and solid-solid doping,respectively.The back-scattered scanning observation result indicates that the emitter prepared by liquid-liquid doping has fine microstructure whereas that prepared by solid-solid doping has large grain size.Y2O3-doped Mo emitter with small grain size prepared by liquid-liquid doping exhibits high emission property,i.e.,the secondary electron yield can get to 5.24,about 1.7 times that prepared by solid-solid doping.Moreover,Y2O3-doped Mo emitter exhibits the best emission performance among La2O3-doped Mo,Y2O3-doped Mo, Gd2O3-doped Mo and Ce2O3-doped Mo emitters due to the largest penetration depth of primary electrons and escape depth of secondary electrons in this emitter.The secondary emission of the emitter with small grain size can be explained by reflection emission model and transmission emission model,whereas only transmission emission exists in the emitter with large grain size.

Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)共掺TeO_2-Li_2O-B_2O_3-GeO_2玻璃系统的光谱性质和热稳定性研究

制备了Er3+ /Yb3+共掺的70TeO2 5Li2O (25 x)B2O3 xGeO2 (x=0, 5, 10, 15, 20mol% )系列玻璃,研究了玻璃的热稳定性能,测试了玻璃的吸收光谱、荧光光谱以及Er3+离子4I13 /2能级荧光寿命,并根据McCumber理论计算了Er3+离子4I13 /2→4I15 /2跃迁的受激发射截面 结果表明:随着GeO2 含量的增加,玻璃的热稳定性逐渐提高,荧光谱线半高宽(FWHM)保持在70nm左右,而荧光强度和Er3+离子4I13 /2能级荧光寿命逐渐提高,研究表明这种玻璃系统是一种具有应用潜能的宽带光纤放大器用的基质材料。