Relationship between rooting ability and endogenous phytohormone changes in successive continuous generation cuttings of Buxus sinica var. parvifolia, an endangered woody species in China

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of successive continuous generation （SCG） cuttings of Buxus sinica var. parvifolia on the rejuvenation of ortets at the hormone level, detect levels of indoleacetic acid （IAA）, abscisic acid （ABA）, isopentenyladenosine （iPA）, zeatin riboside （ZR） and gibberellin4 （GA4） during the rooting process of different generations by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） technology and statistically analyze the rooting characteristics of cuttings. The results show that, the root systems of subsequent generations （generation 1998, 2000） developed satisfactorily, only a few initial generation （generation 1990, 1994） cuttings rooted and the root growth was inhibited. Around the period of callus formation and root projection through the epidermis, there was a marked, regular variation in the levels of IAA, ABA and GA4 between the initial generations and subsequent generations.

Response of successive three generations of cotton,bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner),fed on cotton bolls under elevated CO_2

The growth, development and consumption of successive three generations of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera （Htibner）, fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2 （double-ambient vs. ambient） in open-top chambers were examined. Significant decreases in protein, total amino acid, water and nitrogen content and increases in free fatty acid were observed in cotton bolls. Changes in quality of cotton bolls affected the growth, development and food utilization of H. armigera. Significantly longer larval development duration in three successive generations and lower pupal weight of the second and third generations were observed in cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2. Significantly lower fecundity was also found in successive three generations of H. armigera fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2. The consumption per larva occurred significant increase in successive three generations and frass per larva were also significantly increased during the second and third generations under elevated CO2. Significantly lower relative growth rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested food and significant higher relative consumption rate in successive three generations were observed in cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2. Significantly lower potential female fecundity, larval numbers and population consumption were found in the second and third generations of cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO2. The integrative effect of higher larval mortality rate and lower adult fecundity resulted in significant decreases in potential population consumption in the latter two generations. The results show that elevated CO2 adversely affects cotton bolls quality, which indicates the potential population dynamics and potential population consumption of cotton bollworm will alleviate the harm to the plants in the future rising CO2 atmosphere.

On Over-Relaxed Proximal Point Algorithms for Generalized Nonlinear Operator Equation with (A,η,m)-Monotonicity Framework

In this paper, a new class of over-relaxed proximal point algorithms for solving nonlinear operator equations with (A,η,m)-monotonicity framework in Hilbert spaces is introduced and studied. Further, by using the generalized resolvent operator technique associated with the (A,η,m)-monotone operators, the approximation solvability of the operator equation problems and the convergence of iterative sequences generated by the algorithm are discussed. Our results improve and generalize the corresponding results in the literature.

Generalized nested logit-based stochasticuser equilibrium model with distance constraint of electric vehicles

Considering the range anxiety issue caused by the limited driving range and the scarcity of battery charging stations,the conventional multinomial logit(MNL)model with the overlapping path issue was used in route choice modeling to describe the route choice behavior of travelers effectively.Furthermore,the generalized nested logit-based stochastic user equilibrium(GNL-SUE)model with the constraints of multiple user classes and distance limits was proposed.A mathematical model was developed and solved by the method of successive averages.The mathematical model was proven to be analytically equivalent to the modified GNL-SUE model,and the uniqueness of the solution was also confirmed.The proposed mathematical model was tested and compared with the GNL-SUE model without a distance limit and the MNL-SUE model with a distance limit.Results show that the proposed mathematical model can effectively handle the range anxiety and overlapping path challenges.

Effects of breeding success,age and sex on breeding dispersal of a reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis(Nipponia nippon)in Ningshan County,China

Background: Breeding dispersal is an important ecological process that affects species' population dynamics and colonization of new suitable areas. Knowledge of the causes and consequences of breeding dispersal is fundamental to our understanding of avian ecology and evolution. Although breeding success for a wild and reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis(Nipponia nippon) has been reported, the relationships between individuals' breeding dispersal and their breeding success, age and sex remain unclear.Methods: Ibises' breeding dispersal distance, which is the distance moved by adults between sites of reproduction, was estimated based on the observations of consecutive breeding sites of marked ibis individuals. From observational and capture-recapture data(n as = 102) over 9 years, individuals' breeding dispersal probability in relation to age, sex, and reproductive success wanalyzed via a generalized linear mixed effect modeling approach.Results: Our results show that 55% males and 51% females keep their previous territories following nesting success. Failed breeding attempts increased dispersal probabilities. Both females and males failed in breeding were more likely to disperse with greater distances than successful birds(females: 825 ± 216 m vs 196 ± 101 m, males: 372 Crested Ibis exhibited a female-biased dispersal pattern that the mean dispersal distance± 164 m vs 210 ± 127 m). of females(435 ± 234 m) was much larger than that of males(294 ± 172 m).Conclusion: Our results are fundamental to predict the patterns of breeding dispersal related to reproductive success under different release sites. From the conservation point of view, landscape connectivity between the reintroduced populations should be taken into account in accordance with the distance of breeding dispersal.

Lumbar-Sacral Plexus Block Anesthesia versus General Anesthesia for Total Hip Arthroplasty: Case Control Study

Background: Peripheral block techniques for total hip arthroplasty have been used as an analgesic strategy, only a few studies described it as an anesthetic technique, so the perioperative performance and safety are poorly studied. Methods: 78 total hip arthroplasties were prospectively observed in our hospital. Divided into 2 groups: 1) General anesthesia;and 2) Lumbar sacral plexus block anesthesia. Variables measured in both groups were: demographics, conversion to general anesthesia, total opioid doses, surgical time, blood loss, postoperative pain, use and total dose of vasopressors drugs, transfusion and ICU transfer needs, postoperative ambulation time, and length of hospital stay. T student and chi-square tests were used upon the case. A significant difference was considered when a value of p < 0.05 was obtained. Descriptive statistics were performed in frequency, percentages, variance and standard deviation. Results: 3 patients (7.3%) anesthetized with combined lumbar sacral plexus block were converted to general anesthesia. When comparing peripheral nerve block and general anesthesia, less intraoperative (p = 0.000) and postoperative (p = 0.002) opioid consumption were noted, less postoperative pain in PACU (p = 0.002) and in the first 24 hours (p = 0.005), as well as earlier onset of ambulation (p = 0.008) and shorter hospital stay (p = 0.031). Conclusions: In our study, the lumbar and sacral plexus block anesthesia technique provided anesthetic conditions to perform hip joint arthroplasty and it was proved to be advantageous in comparison to general anesthesia.

Optimizing Packet Generation Rate for Multiple Hops WBAN with CSMA/CA Based on IEEE802.15.6

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is considered to apply to both medical healthcare and entertainment applications. A requirement for each application is different, i.e. high reliability for medical healthcare whereas high throughput for entertainment application. However, for both applications, low energy consumption is requested. Multiple hops technics have been researching in many fields of wireless system, e.g., ad hod, mobile, ITS etc. and its energy-efficiency is reported to be high. We propose the multiple hops technic for WBAN, however, WBAN is different to another systems, almost sensors forward the vital data packet of another sensors while sensing and generating the data packet of itself. Therefore, according to a packet generation rate of all sensors, probabilities of successful transmission and packet loss because of collision, timeout and overflow, are changed. It means that the vital data is lost and the transmit power is wasted due to packet loss. In order to obtain the highest throughput and save the power, the successful transmission probability is analyzed and the packet generation rate is optimized for multiple hops WBAN that using CSMA/CA based on IEEE802.15.6. The numerical calculation result indicates that the optimized packet generation rate depends on the system model. Moreover, the relation between the system model, the optimized packet generation rate and the throughput is discussed in the paper.

面向任务的重叠联盟结构生成计算复杂性

传统的重叠联盟形成问题大都聚焦智能体,鲜有从任务视角出发.为此,本文首先构建了一种面向任务的重叠联盟结构生成模型,并分析了其解空间和相关决策问题的计算复杂性.此外,基于流网络分别设计了相应的孤立联盟、重叠联盟、重叠联盟结构成功性判别算法和最优重叠联盟结构生成算法.分析结果表明,判别孤立联盟、重叠联盟、重叠联盟结构的成功性的时间复杂度均与智能体数和任务数呈多项式关系,而搜索最优重叠联盟结构的时间复杂度与智能体数和任务数呈指数关系.最后,通过仿真实验验证了上述结果.

二代继任方式与家族企业国际化——来自东西部家族企业的经验证据

中国家族企业正进入代际传承高峰时期,而国际化则是家族企业获取长期竞争优势与持续成长的重要战略选择。目前学术界关于代际传承对家族企业国际化影响的文献,主要考察家族后代权力涉入对家族企业国际化的影响,忽视了二代继任方式对家族企业国际化的作用。因此,文章在将中国家族企业二代继任方式区分为渐进式继任方式和激进式继任方式的基础上,利用2020年8月至11月对重庆和浙江等东西部省(直辖市)253家家族企业的问卷调查数据,首次实证研究二代继任方式对家族企业国际化的影响,探讨代际权威、创始人政治身份和继承人年龄对二代继任方式与家族企业国际化关系的调节效应,并进一步研究国际化承诺对二代继任方式与家族企业国际化关系的遮掩效应,以揭示二代继任方式对家族企业国际化的影响机制与作用情境。研究结果表明:与激进式继任方式相比,采取渐进式继任方式的家族企业更倾向于选择深度、广泛和快速地进入国际市场;代际权威、创始人政治身份、继承人年龄会显著地削弱渐进式继任方式对家族企业国际化深度、广度和速度的促进作用,即渐进式继任方式对家族企业国际化深度、广度和速度的促进作用在代际权威大、创始人拥有政治身份、继承人年龄大的家族企业更不明显。文章使用重新定义家族企业、选择已经进入或完成代际传承的家族企业样本进行稳健性检验,上述研究结论仍然成立。进一步研究表明,国际化承诺在渐进式继任方式与家族企业国际化深度、广度之间发挥遮掩效应,即渐进式继任方式通过降低国际化承诺水平进而削弱其对家族企业国际化深度和广度的积极效应。基于上述研究结果,文章提出如下建议:家族企业创始人应提前制定传承计划,尽可能安排二代渐进式继任,在渐进式继任过程中帮助二代继承人尽快建立权威合法性,以降低两代之间的权威差异;家族企业创始人要理性认识政治关系的积极和消极作用,积极构建亲清政商关系,政府部门应着力构建更加公正公平透明的经营环境,充分调动家族企业家经营活动的积极性。

关于高阶差等比数列通项公式的证明

针对高阶差等比数列这一崭新课题的研究,近年来不少文章得到了多种不同形式的通项公式,本文利用《大学数学》上已证明的高阶差等比数列通项公式,对《数学通报》以及《高等数学研究》上未予证明的两个通项公式进行了完整而严格的证明.

基于SVMD-BO-BiTCN的超短期光伏发电功率预测

光照的间歇性使光伏发电功率波动性较大,导致光伏发电功率的预测准确率较低。为此,提出一种基于连续变分模态分解(successive variational mode decomposition,SVMD)、贝叶斯优化(Bayesian optimization,BO)算法和双向时序卷积网络(bidirectional temporal convolutional network,BiTCN)的超短期光伏发电功率预测模型,以提高预测精度。首先,通过SVMD将原始光伏发电功率分解为多个功率分量和功率残差,以获得多个波动性小的序列;然后,使用改进的BiTCN代替单向时序卷积网络(temporal convolutional network,TCN),完成低耗时下SVMD分解结果的双向特征提取与预测;之后,使用BO算法高效寻找BiTCN超参数,从而提高BiTCN对各功率分量和功率残差的预测精度;最后,求和并重构预测结果,实现超短期光伏发电功率预测。实验证明,该模型与单一的TCN模型相比,均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)减小了35.18%,决定系数提升了4.82%。

一种用于CIS列级ADC的片上抗PVT变化高精度自适应斜坡发生器

传统的片上全局斜坡发生器电路容易受工艺、电压和温度(PVT)的影响,导致斜坡信号易失真、线性度差;由于寄生电容的影响,片外校准的难度较大。提出了一种可以抗PVT变化,实现自适应校准斜率的斜坡发生器,采用逐次逼近算法细调和定步长搜索法微调相结合的方式,实现对斜坡的两点校正。斜坡校准电路包括电阻型DAC、电流型DAC、逻辑控制、动态比较器等模块。仿真结果表明,自适应斜坡发生器的平均校准周期约为1.143 ms,校准后斜坡微分非线性为+0.00207/-0.00115 LSB,积分非线性为+0.6755/-0.3887 LSB,在不同PVT条件下校准电压误差小于1.5 LSB,平均功耗仅为1.155 mW,与传统斜坡发生器相比具有精度高、功耗低的优点。

全身麻醉状态下动脉血气穿刺成功率的影响因素调查

目的探讨全身麻醉(简称全麻)状态下动脉血气穿刺成功率的影响因素,为临床提高动脉血气穿刺成功率提供参考依据。方法将2020年1月—2022年12月于医院全麻手术期间进行动脉血气穿刺成功的40例患者纳入穿刺成功组,另将同期于医院全麻手术期间进行动脉血气穿刺失败的40例患者纳入穿刺失败组。查阅患者电子病历档案,收集其性别、年龄等一般资料,比较两组患者一般资料及穿刺时血压情况,采用χ2检验Phi系数相关性分析全麻状态下血压变化与动脉血气穿刺成功率的相关性;并采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响动脉血气穿刺成功率的相关因素。结果穿刺失败组穿刺时收缩压在90~140 mmHg、穿刺时舒张压在60~90 mmHg的患者占比低于穿刺成功组(17.50%vs 95.00%、10.00%vs 87.50%),穿刺桡动脉内径小于穿刺成功组[(2.18±0.19)mm vs(2.37±0.15)mm],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);χ^(2)检验Phi系数相关性结果显示,穿刺时收缩压、舒张压均与动脉血气穿刺成功率有关(Phi=-0.781、-0.775,P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,穿刺时收缩压、舒张压及穿刺桡动脉内径均为全麻状态下手术患者动脉血气穿刺成功的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论全麻状态下手术患者血压变化与动脉血气穿刺成功率有关,血压过高或过低均会降低动脉血气穿刺成功率,临床在进行动脉血气穿刺时应稳定患者血压在正常范围内,以便确保穿刺成功率,保障手术的顺利进行。

提高含硫气田场站燃气发电机一次启动成功率技术研究

燃气发电机作为气井生产应急保障单元,为高含硫场站自控、通信、仪表系统提供稳定的电源,它一次启动成功对保障气井安全平稳开采具有重要意义。文章针对XX气田场站燃气发电机停市电后难以一次启动成功的情况,对燃气发电机运行现状、工作原理、环境条件等进行分析,确定影响发电机启动成功率的主要因素。通过改进发电机进气结构、优化蓄电池管理、完善巡检制度等措施,将发电机一次启动成功率由55%提升至100%,有效降低了高含硫场站燃气发电机故障频率和维修成本,保障了气田异常停电后的生产安全。

利用微生物菌群演化及免疫系统的影响辅助推算死后时间

准确推算非正常死亡间隔时间(PMI),是法医需要面对的首要问题之一。基于分析死者体内特定微生物标志物的演变规律来量化死亡时间,具有科学性和精确性。同时,免疫系统与体内微生物群结构相互作用。为准确推算PMI提供了新的研究方向。采用DNA二代测序技术,深入研究描述微生物群落动态变化,为推算PMI提供了重要依据。本文通过用Illumina MiSeq测序法分析高变区域的短片段、用Nanopore (MinION)测序法进行全测序的特点,对比了16S核糖体RNA(16S ribosomal RNA)扩增测序实验,并详细梳理了建立死亡时间模型的历程,肯定了AI技术的辅助推动作用。本文还建议更多关注微生物群与免疫系统的关系,肯定了微生物学在法医科学领域的重要价值。

秦岭太白山弃耕地植物群落演替的生态学研究 Ⅱ演替系列的群落α多样性特征

应用物种丰富度、Ｓｉｍｐｓｏｎ指数、Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ－Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ指数、Ｐｉｅｌｏｕ均匀度指数、Ａｌａｔａｌｏ均匀度指数研究了太白山弃耕地植物群落次生演替过程中的群落α多样性动态特征，结果表明，群落在由一年生草本植物群落阶段向多年生草本植物群落、灌丛、混交林阶段的演替过程中，群落多样性指数逐渐上升，至混交林阶段达到最高值。若以分布在这一垂直地带的代表性森林群落锐齿栎林为演替进一步发展的方向，则由多样性指数在锐齿栎混交林、锐齿栎林阶段呈下降趋势。不同演替阶段不同生长型的多样性指数变化规律为：在演替的初期，草本层多样性指数＞灌木层＞乔木层；在混交林阶段，这３个不同生长型的多样性指数相差无几，乔木生长型稍占优势；在锐齿栎混交林和锐齿栎林阶段，灌木生长型的物种多样性最大，草本次之，乔木生长型的物种多样性则迅速降低。首次利用群落各生长型的叶层相对厚度和相对盖度作为加权参数，对群落总体的物种多样性指数进行了测度，结果表明，这种加权处理是比较合理的。

连续多代UV-B照射对麦长管蚜保护酶活性的影响

【目的】为探明中波紫外线(UV-B)连续多代处理对麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)的作用机制,发现在UV-B环境压力下害虫进化动力。【方法】用强度为0.25 W/m2的UV-B对每代麦长管蚜进行6 h照射,以处理后成蚜当天产的仔蚜为继代饲养材料,连续饲养18代,提取第1,4,8,12,15和18代的对照组和处理组无翅孤雌成蚜的保护酶液,利用分光光度计测定其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)3种保护酶活性。【结果】不同世代的对照组间3种保护酶活性均无差异(P>0.05),处理组间有显著差异(P<0.05)。随着UV-B胁迫世代增加,SOD活性呈先升高后下降的趋势,活性高峰出现在第15代。POD活性呈下降趋势,处理组活性均高于对照组,且在第1和4代处理组与对照组间差异极显著(P<0.01)。CAT活性先下降后升高,在第8,12和15代处理组与对照组间无显著差异(P>0.05),而至第18代处理组与对照组间差异又恢复为极显著(P<0.01)。【结论】麦长管蚜受到短期UV-B胁迫时,其体内SOD,POD和CAT 3种保护酶活性均升高,以抵御UV-B胁迫引起的自由基伤害;而经过到长期UV-B胁迫后,主要依靠SOD和CAT 2种保护酶清除活性氧自由基。

有机质“接力成气”模式的提出及其在勘探中的意义

有机质“接力成气”机理是指成气过程中生气母质的转换和生气时机与贡献的接替。有两层含义:一是干酪根热降解成气在先,液态烃和煤岩中可溶有机质热裂解成气在后,二者在成气时机和先后贡献方面构成接力过程;二是干酪根热降解形成的液态烃只有一部分可排出烃源岩,形成油藏,相当多的部分则呈分散状仍滞留在烃源岩内,在高—过成熟阶段会发生热裂解,使烃源岩仍具有良好的生气潜力。这一理论的提出,回答了我国热演化高-过成熟地区勘探潜力问题与天然气晚期成藏的机理问题,对拓搌勘探领域有重要意义。

艾氏剂对连续三个世代多刺裸腹溞生命表统计学参数的影响

利用生命表技术对连续3个世代暴露于不同浓度(20、40、80、160、320μg/L和640μg/L)艾试剂(aldrin)溶液中的多刺裸腹溞(Moina macrocopa)生命表统计学参数进行了研究。结果表明:艾试剂对3个世代多刺裸腹溞所有生命表统计学参数均有显著性影响(P<0.05)。与空白对照组相比,浓度高于80μg/L的艾氏剂使多刺裸腹溞母代的生命期望和净生殖率显著降低;浓度高于160μg/L的艾氏剂使母代的世代时间显著缩短,种群内禀增长率显著降低。浓度高于40μg/L的艾氏剂使多刺裸腹溞F1代的生命期望显著缩短,20μg/L和80～640μg/L的艾试剂使F1代的净生殖率显著降低,320μg/L和640μg/L的艾氏剂使F1代的世代时间显著缩短,所有浓度的艾试剂均使F1代的种群内禀增长率显著降低。160～640μg/L的艾氏剂使多刺裸腹溞F2代的生命期望和世代时间显著缩短,160μg/L和640μg/L的艾氏剂使F2代的净生殖率显著降低;除40和320μg/L外,所有浓度的艾试剂均显著提高了F2代的种群内禀增长率。在实验设置的艾试剂浓度范围内,除F2代种群内禀增长率外,3个世代多刺裸腹溞的所有生命表统计学参数均与艾试剂浓度呈曲线相关诼远拘允匝橹?污染物对多刺裸腹溞生命表统计学参数的影响因其暴露时所处发育时期和持续暴露世代数的不同而存在着重要的差异。

山区双车道公路尾随相撞事故与道路线形的关系

为了改善我国山区双车道公路的安全状况,选取负二项分布作为回归分析的模型基础,应用同向纵坡的概念将甘肃省某山区双车道公路长为139 km的路段划分成94个同向纵坡单元,运用Stata 9.0统计软件对该路段内2003—2005年所发生的100起尾随相撞事故与8个反映道路设计要素的线形变量进行了广义的负二项回归分析.结果表明,山区双车道公路上的尾随相撞事故与累计坡长呈很强的正相关关系,累计坡长越长,尾随相撞的事故数越多.