一种便携式机械设计工具箱的设计

随着社会的发展和智能制造技术的进步,无论是企业还是生产工人,对机械设计工具箱的要求越来越高。机械设计工具箱广泛地应用于机电类、机械类、汽车类、建筑类等专业中。针对目前机械设计工具箱结构简单、功能单一、工具难以找寻、容易发生碰撞导致损伤等缺点,本文将箱体、箱盖、滑轮、折叠支撑柱、拉杆、阻隔板、防水工具袋、电源、固定块、显示屏、缠绕柱、手提把等连接在一起,设计出一种新型的便携式机械设计工具箱,保证了机械设计工具的方便拿取,便于携带,提高了工作效率,极大地满足了企业和员工的需求,适合大批量生产、推广和应用。

基于System Generator的卷积加速结构设计与实现

为解决卷积神经网络中卷积运算耗时长、运算复杂的问题,针对卷积运算的并行性特征,提出一种基于分块的流水线加速方法,并基于该方法在System Generator上进行了电路设计。通过在FPGA(Field-programmable Gate Array)上进行实验验证,该设计模型能正确输出卷积运算结果;在结构和输入数据相同的情况下,该设计模型在计算速度上相比于普通CPU最高可加速258倍,相比于服务器级CPU提高了近40倍,具有良好的加速效果。

基于“斑块-廊道-基质”和“源-流-汇”范式景观格局分析的景观生态学工具箱原理与应用

景观格局的定量分析是评价其对生态过程影响的先决条件,也是生态系统规划和管理的重要依据。当前的景观格局分析软件都仅提供基于“斑块-廊道-基质”景观分析范式的格局指数计算,不包含基于“源-流-汇”的范式的指数计算。这不仅无法适应景观生态学理论的发展,也无法满足大数据时代对计算场景和速率的需求。针对该问题,在研发基于“源-流-汇”的范式的指数算法的基础上,开发了景观生态学工具箱(Landscape Ecology Toolbox,LET)。不仅同时提供基于两种分析范式下的景观格局指数计算,也提供了图形用户界面和命令行两种运行方式。在对LET主要功能进行介绍的基础上,将LET同现有景观分析软件在操作逻辑、景观指数计算范围、特色功能等方面进行了详细的对比,最后对软件未来的发展方向进行了讨论。

Numerical Study on the Effect of Vortex Generators on the Aerodynamic Drag of a High-Speed Train

A relatively high aerodynamic drag is an important factor that hinders the further acceleration of high-speed trains.Using the shear stress transport(SST)k-ωturbulence model,the effect of various vortex generator types on the aerodynamic characteristics of an ICE2(Inter-city Electricity)train has been investigated.The results indi-cate that the vortex generators with wider triangle,trapezoid,and micro-ramp arranged on the surface of the tail car can significantly change the distribution of surface pressure and affect the vorticity intensity in the wake.This alteration effectively reduces the resistance of the tail car.Meanwhile,the micro-ramp vortex generator with its convergent structure at the rear exhibits enhancedflow-guiding capabilities,resulting in a 15.4%reduction in the drag of the tail car.

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO_(2)

The supercritical CO_(2)(sCO_(2))power cycle could improve efficiencies for a wide range of thermal power plants.The sCO_(2)turbine generator plays an important role in the sCO_(2)power cycle by directly converting thermal energy into mechanical work and electric power.The operation of the generator encounters challenges,including high temperature,high pressure,high rotational speed,and other engineering problems,such as leakage.Experimental studies of sCO_(2)turbines are insufficient because of the significant difficulties in turbine manufacturing and system construction.Unlike most experimental investigations that primarily focus on 100 kW‐or MW‐scale power generation systems,we consider,for the first time,a small‐scale power generator using sCO_(2).A partial admission axial turbine was designed and manufactured with a rated rotational speed of 40,000 rpm,and a CO_(2)transcritical power cycle test loop was constructed to validate the performance of our manufactured generator.A resistant gas was proposed in the constructed turbine expander to solve the leakage issue.Both dynamic and steady performances were investigated.The results indicated that a peak electric power of 11.55 kW was achieved at 29,369 rpm.The maximum total efficiency of the turbo‐generator was 58.98%,which was affected by both the turbine rotational speed and pressure ratio,according to the proposed performance map.

Analysis of pseudo-random number generators in QMC-SSE method

In the quantum Monte Carlo(QMC)method,the pseudo-random number generator(PRNG)plays a crucial role in determining the computation time.However,the hidden structure of the PRNG may lead to serious issues such as the breakdown of the Markov process.Here,we systematically analyze the performance of different PRNGs on the widely used QMC method known as the stochastic series expansion(SSE)algorithm.To quantitatively compare them,we introduce a quantity called QMC efficiency that can effectively reflect the efficiency of the algorithms.After testing several representative observables of the Heisenberg model in one and two dimensions,we recommend the linear congruential generator as the best choice of PRNG.Our work not only helps improve the performance of the SSE method but also sheds light on the other Markov-chain-based numerical algorithms.

Analytical Model and Topology Optimization of Doubly-fed Induction Generator

As the core component of energy conversion for large wind turbines,the output performance of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) plays a decisive role in the power quality of wind turbines.To realize the fast and accurate design optimization of DFIGs,this paper proposes a novel hybriddriven surrogate-assisted optimization method.It firstly establishes an accurate subdomain model of DFIGs to analytically predict performance indexes.Furthermore,taking the inexpensive analytical dataset produced by the subdomain model as the source domain and the expensive finite element analysis dataset as the target domain,a high-precision surrogate model is trained in a transfer learning way and used for the subsequent multi-objective optimization process.Based on this model,taking the total harmonic distortion of electromotive force,cogging torque,and iron loss as objectives,and the slot and inner/outer diameters as parameters for optimizing the topology,achieve a rapid and accurate electromagnetic design for DFIGs.Finally,experiments are carried out on a 3MW DFIG to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

A Novel Defender-Attacker-Defender Model for Resilient Distributed Generator Planning with Network Reconfiguration and Demand Response

To improve the resilience of a distribution system against extreme weather,a fuel-based distributed generator(DG)allocation model is proposed in this study.In this model,the DGs are placed at the planning stage.When an extreme event occurs,the controllable generators form temporary microgrids(MGs)to restore the load maximally.Simultaneously,a demand response program(DRP)mitigates the imbalance between the power supply and demand during extreme events.To cope with the fault uncertainty,a robust optimization(RO)method is applied to reduce the long-term investment and short-term operation costs.The optimization is formulated as a tri-level defenderattacker-defender(DAD)framework.At the first level,decision-makers work out the DG allocation scheme;at the second level,the attacker finds the optimal attack strategy with maximum damage;and at the third level,restoration measures,namely distribution network reconfiguration(DNR)and demand response are performed.The problem is solved by the nested column and constraint generation(NC&CG)method and the model is validated using an IEEE 33-node system.Case studies validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model according to the enhanced resilience and reduced cost.

Moisture‑Electric–Moisture‑Sensitive Heterostructure Triggered Proton Hopping for Quality‑Enhancing Moist‑Electric Generator

Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression.However,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation.Here,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation.Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.

Transient Damping of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Enhancing Synchronization Stability during Voltage Dips

Virtual synchronous generators(VSGs)are widely introduced to the renewable power generation,the variablespeed pumped storage units,and so on,as a promising gridforming solution.It is noted that VSGs can provide virtual inertia for frequency support,but the larger inertia would worsen the synchronization stability,referring to keeping synchronization with the grid during voltage dips.Thus,this paper presents a transient damping method of VSGs for enhancing the synchronization stability during voltage dips.It is revealed that the loss of synchronization(LOS)of VSGs always accompanies with the positive frequency deviation and the damping is the key factor to remove LOS when the equilibrium point exists.In order to enhance synchronization stability during voltage dips,the transient damping is proposed,which is generated by the frequency deviation in active power loop.Additionally,the proposed method can realize seamless switching between normal state and grid fault.Moreover,detailed control design for transient damping gain is given to ensure the synchronization stability under different inertia requirements during voltage dips.Finally,the experimental results are presented to validate the analysis and the effectiveness of the improved transient damping method.

Design Optimization of a Self-circulated Hydrogen Cooling System for a PM Wind Generator Based on Taguchi Method

With the continuous improvement of permanent magnet(PM)wind generators'capacity and power density,the design of reasonable and efficient cooling structures has become a focus.This paper proposes a fully enclosed self-circulating hydrogen cooling structure for a originally forced-air-cooled direct-drive PM wind generator.The proposed hydrogen cooling system uses the rotor panel supports that hold the rotor core as the radial blades,and the hydrogen flow is driven by the rotating plates to flow through the axial and radial vents to realize the efficient cooling of the generator.According to the structural parameters of the cooling system,the Taguchi method is used to decouple the structural variables.The influence of the size of each cooling structure on the heat dissipation characteristic is analyzed,and the appropriate cooling structure scheme is determined.

灵活减负智能“急救工具箱”

看点 key feature 集成工具包INTEGRATED TOOLKIT无缝数据交接SEAMLESS DATA HANDOVER高效急救EFFICIENT FIRST AIDBene Heart DX为独特的高集成、小体积除颤监护仪。整个产品通过小巧的体积和轻便的形态,解决了长久以来院前急救面临的设备大而重,不易携带的痛点。同时独创的多临床工具整合集成的设计,将单功能急救设备升级成为“急救工具箱”,通过一个产品满足临床对于不同病人诊断的需求。在为患者提供可靠抢救的同时,让院前诊断更精准。

Winding Function Model-based Performance Evaluation of a PM Transverse Flux Generator for Applications in Direct-drive Systems

The magnetic flux in a permanent magnet transverse flux generator(PMTFG) is three-dimensional(3D), therefore, its efficacy is evaluated using 3D magnetic field analysis. Although the 3D finite-element method(FEM) is highly accurate and reliable for machine simulation, it requires a long computation time, which is crucial when it is to be used in an iterative optimization process. Therefore, an alternative to 3DFEM is required as a rapid and accurate analytical technique. This paper presents an analytical model for PMTFG analysis using winding function method. To obtain the air gap MMF distribution, the excitation magneto-motive force(MMF) and the turn function are determined based on certain assumptions. The magnetizing inductance, flux density, and back-electro-magnetomotive force of the winding are then determined. To assess the accuracy of the proposed method, the analytically calculated parameters of the generator are compared to those obtained by a 3D-FEM. The presented method requires significantly shorter computation time than the 3D-FEM with comparable accuracy.

Optimization of Generator Based on Gaussian Process Regression Model with Conditional Likelihood Lower Bound Search

The noise that comes from finite element simulation often causes the model to fall into the local optimal solution and over fitting during optimization of generator.Thus,this paper proposes a Gaussian Process Regression(GPR)model based on Conditional Likelihood Lower Bound Search(CLLBS)to optimize the design of the generator,which can filter the noise in the data and search for global optimization by combining the Conditional Likelihood Lower Bound Search method.Taking the efficiency optimization of 15 kW Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor as an example.Firstly,this method uses the elementary effect analysis to choose the sensitive variables,combining the evolutionary algorithm to design the super Latin cube sampling plan;Then the generator-converter system is simulated by establishing a co-simulation platform to obtain data.A Gaussian process regression model combing the method of the conditional likelihood lower bound search is established,which combined the chi-square test to optimize the accuracy of the model globally.Secondly,after the model reaches the accuracy,the Pareto frontier is obtained through the NSGA-II algorithm by considering the maximum output torque as a constraint.Last,the constrained optimization is transformed into an unconstrained optimizing problem by introducing maximum constrained improvement expectation(CEI)optimization method based on the re-interpolation model,which cross-validated the optimization results of the Gaussian process regression model.The above method increase the efficiency of generator by 0.76%and 0.5%respectively;And this method can be used for rapid modeling and multi-objective optimization of generator systems.

Optimization of the Gas Generator in Composite Power System with Tip-Jet Rotor

The key and bottleneck of research on the tip-jet rotor compound helicopter lies in the power system. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to numerically simulate the gas generator and rotor inner passage of the tip-jet rotor composite power system, studying the effects of intake mode, inner cavity structure, propellant components, and injection amount on the characteristics of the composite power system. The results show that when a single high-temperature exhaust gas enters, the gas generator outlet fluid is uneven and asymmetric;when two-way high-temperature exhaust gas enters, the outlet temperature of the gas generator with a tilted inlet is more uniform than that with a vertical inlet;adding an inner cavity improves the temperature and velocity distribution of the gas generator's internal flow field;increasing the energy of the propellant is beneficial for improving the available moment.

What value does video generator Sora bring to the textile industry?

On 15 February,OpenAI released its first video generation model"Sora".This is another disruptive work of the company after ChatGPT.It is reported that this AI video model can generate HD videos up to 1 minute long based on the text given by the user.For the time being,its impact on the textile industry may be indirect,but it may also have some interesting and practical effects as it is developed and refined in the future.Here are some of the effects that Sora may have on the textile industry.

数学科学学院郭蔚团队开发首款国产通用型科学计算软件图像处理工具箱

科学计算软件是现代科学与工程技术中用于解决复杂数学或数据问题的核心基础软件,始于欧美国家,目前基本被国外厂商垄断.为解决国外科学计算软件禁用所致“卡脖子”问题,北京大学倡导并组织研发国产科学计算软件.2022年8月,具有自主知识产权的北太天元数值计算通用软件V2.0对外发布,初步实现了科学计算软件的基本功能,开始了市场化运营工作.

基于一种装配钳工工具箱的创新改进与应用

本文对装配钳工工种、基本操作技能以及常用工具做了详细阐述,分析了装配钳工工具特点,找出了其常用工具主要存放与保管方式,结合钳工基础实践性教学与技能大赛相关经历,发现了装配钳工用工具箱存在不足。针对其不足,对目前装配钳工实训用工具箱进行了创新、优化改进,设计了一种新型装配钳工工具箱,解决了实际应用中的工具容易遗失、不被使用者发现等难题,对装配钳工行业发展及教育教学创新发展提供一定现实参考价值。

An Adaptive Control Strategy for Energy Storage Interface Converter Based on Analogous Virtual Synchronous Generator

In the DC microgrid,the lack of inertia and damping in power electronic converters results in poor stability of DC bus voltage and low inertia of the DC microgrid during fluctuations in load and photovoltaic power.To address this issue,the application of a virtual synchronous generator(VSG)in grid-connected inverters control is referenced and proposes a control strategy called the analogous virtual synchronous generator(AVSG)control strategy for the interface DC/DC converter of the battery in the microgrid.Besides,a flexible parameter adaptive control method is introduced to further enhance the inertial behavior of the AVSG control.Firstly,a theoretical analysis is conducted on the various components of the DC microgrid,the structure of analogous virtual synchronous generator,and the control structure’s main parameters related to the DC microgrid’s inertial behavior.Secondly,the voltage change rate tracking coefficient is introduced to adjust the change of the virtual capacitance and damping coefficient flexibility,which further strengthens the inertia trend of the DC microgrid.Additionally,a small-signal modeling approach is used to analyze the approximate range of the AVSG’s main parameters ensuring system stability.Finally,conduct a simulation analysis by building the model of the DC microgrid system with photovoltaic(PV)and battery energy storage(BES)in MATLAB/Simulink.Simulation results from different scenarios have verified that the AVSG control introduces fixed inertia and damping into the droop control of the battery,resulting in a certain level of inertia enhancement.Furthermore,the additional adaptive control strategy built upon the AVSG control provides better and flexible inertial support for the DC microgrid,further enhances the stability of the DC bus voltage,and has a more positive impact on the battery performance.

用好六个载体 落实“三前”理念 武汉税务打造化解矛盾争议“工具箱”

近年来,国家税务总局武汉市税务局紧扣总局“要进一步下功夫,建设好新时代‘枫桥式’税务所,把疑难事项、矛盾争议尽早尽快尽好消除,既为纳税人缴费人办实事办好事,又巩固优化税务部门为民服务的良好形象”的要求,聚焦高质量化解矛盾争议这个中心目标,打造以“先锋模范点、争议调处室、兜底服务岗、精准服务包、成长积分表、共治协作网”为核心的基层治理“工具箱”,构建武汉税务新时代“枫桥式”税务所建设“360”工作体系。